Particle flow code (PFC) software has been widely used as the general discrete-element modeling (DEM), due to the excellent performance to deal with continuous and discontinuous media. Among them, the mesoscopic parameters can only be acquired to repeatedly debug the experimental data using trial-and-error method, leading to the low efficiency with the high blindness. A set of usable parameters can be inevitable in the dozens of trial and error during calibration, even though the sound experience of experts. Therefore, it is highly urgent to accurately and rapidly calibrate the mesoscopic parameters for the promotion of PFC software and the follow-up test, particularly beyond the manual operation. In this study, the uniaxial creep test model of corn stalk particles was established to combine with the built-in Burgers model of the PFC 2D. An orthogonal experiment was also carried out to verify the improved model. The multivariate analysis of variance was then made to analyze the complex relationship between the macroscopic and mesoscopic parameters of the Burgers model. There was a quite difference in the significance of the influence of each mesoscopic parameter on the macroscopic one. A highly nonlinear relationship was also found between the macroscopic and mesoscopic parameters. Therefore, the regression analysis was inappropriate to obtain the relationship between the macroscopic and mesoscopic parameters for the calibration of the mesoscopic parameters. Fortunately, BP neural network can be expected to serve as these complex relationships, just suitable for the parameter calibration. As such, the BP neural network was established with the 4, 9 and 5 nodes in the input, hidden, and output layer, respectively, according to the number and characteristics of macroscopic and mesoscopic parameters. Then, the resulting BP neural network was trained and calibrated using 150 sets of macroscopic and mesoscopic parameters. It was found that above 92% was achieved in the calibration accuracy of all mesoscopic parameters in the Burgers model, especially with the relatively stable errors. Moreover, the correlation coefficient (R) was greater than 0.96 in the trained BP neural network, indicating the more reliable performance of inversion. The improved calibration of parameters can also be popularized for the mesoscopic parameters. Furthermore, the macroscopic parameters after the uniaxial creep test of corn stalk were introduced into the trained BP neural network for the calibration of the mesoscopic parameters. A better consistence was found in the simulated and measured creep curves with the maximum error of the dependent variable of 2%, indicating the excellent calibration ability of parameters. The finding can also provide a strong reference for the PFC parameter calibration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]