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OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively evaluate the glycididazole sodium for injection from six dimensions: effectiveness, safety, economy, innovation, suitability and accessibility. METHODS: Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang Data, NIHR and other databases were retrieved to analyze the effectiveness, safety and economy of glycididazole sodium for injection by rapid health technology assessment. The innovation, suitability and accessibility of drugs were analyzed by searching professional websites such as the National Medical Products Administration and the Drug Evaluation Center of the National Medical Products Administration, as well as pharmacopoeia and drug instructions of various countries. RESULTS: The study protocol was radiotherapy combined with glycididazole sodium for injection compared with radiotherapy alone or concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with glycididazole sodium for injection compared with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. (1) In terms of effectiveness, 6 studies showed that glycididazole sodium for injection could significantly improve the short-term efficacy and 1-year to 3-year survival rate of patients treated with radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Four studies showed that glycididazole sodium for injection could improve the short-term and long-term survival rate in patients treated with radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. One study showed that glycididazole sodium for injection could improve the short-term efficacy in patients with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Another study showed that glycididazole sodium for injection could improve the short-term efficacy and reduce the radiation dose in patients with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (2) In terms of safety, glycididazole sodium for injection has been included in the 2020 edition of the National Health Insurance Directory. Six studies showed that glycididazole sodium for injection did not increase radiotherapy related adverse drug reactions including esophagitis, leukopenia, mucosal reactions, and bone marrow transplantation in patients with radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Three studies showed that glycididazole sodium for injection did not increase radiotherapy related adverse drug reactions in patients with radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Two studies showed that glycididazole sodium for injection did not increase adverse drug reactions in patients with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for esophageal and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (3) In terms of economics, compared with radiotherapy alone, the combination of glycididazole sodium for injection was economical in both esophageal and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (4) In terms of innovation, the synthesis process of glycididazole sodium for injection and the preparation method of glycididazole sodium composition had been patented. (5) In terms of suitability, the quality of glycididazole sodium for injection was controllable, and the suitability was reduced by intravenous administration. (6) In terms of accessibility, glycididazole sodium for injection was a kind of domestic drugs, and the supply range of registered manufacturers was large. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of glycididazole sodium for injection as sensitizer on the basis of radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy has significant efficacy and safety for patients with esophageal cancer and head and neck malignancies. The use of glycididazole sodium for injection as sensitizer in esophageal cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer populations is economical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]