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【Objective】This paper aimed to provide a theoretical basis for rational planting of tobacco in Guizhou yellow soil. 【Method】A field experiment was conducted with two plant patterns of rotation and continuous cropping in Zunyi city in the year of 2016 and 2017, and total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were consistent within a rotation period. Root morphology, yield and nutrient utilization of rotation and continuous were determined and soil nutrition was analyzed after flue-cured tobacco harvested. 【Result】Compared with continuous cropping of tobacco, root length, total surface area, total volume was obviously increased by 5601.1 cm, 1976.3 cm2 and 59.17 cm3 under rotation cropping of rice and tobacco, the average diamond was decreased by 0.17 cm. The yield and output of tobacco of the continuous pattern were 1098 kg·hm-2 and 28 548 yuan·hm-22, respectively, lower than that under the rotation cropping pattern. The absorption of N and K under rotation cropping were higher than continuous cropping. Soil pH at 0-20 and 20-40 cm were decreased after crop harvested, and the soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were increased in continuous cropping of tobacco. 【Conclusion】The nutrients uptake, yield and economic benefits of tobacco under rotation of rice and tobacco were better than continuous cropping of tobacco, so we should pay attention to the rotation of tobacco and rice or other crops to increase yield and output, thus to promote sustainable development of tobacco industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]