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Based on GIS and the statistical yearbook data of Hanyuan County,an index system was established from four aspects:natural environment system,economic development system,basic support system and rural basic scale system. The suitability of rural human settlements in Hanyuan County was comprehensively evaluated by using the principal component analysis method,and the rural human settlement environment suitability of 123 villages (communities) was divided into five categories:highly suitable area,high suitable area,general suitable area,unsuitable area and extremely unsuitable area. The results show that 41. 46% of the villages (communities) and 63. 94% of the total area accounts in Hanyuan County belong to the unsuitable area and the level of extremely unsuitable area,and the overall rural human settlement environment suitability was not ideal. The suitability grades of rural living environment in various administrative villages of Hanyuan County showed a certain agglomeration effect. The overall comprehensive score of rural living environment in the central region of the county was better than that in the surrounding high-altitude areas,and the suitability comprehensive level was roughly distributed radially from the central region of the county to the surrounding areas. The suitability grades of rural living environment in Hanyuan County showed imbalance among regions. Economic development and altitude had a significant impact on the distribution of suitability grade areas,showing a spatial pattern in which the near river valley was superior to the mountainous area [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]