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Your search keyword '"Venunan, Pira"' showing total 3 results
Start Over Author "Venunan, Pira" Topic [shs] humanities and social sciences
3 results on '"Venunan, Pira"'

1. Production and distribution of iron in the Angkor kingdom: evolution of technical practices and networks between smelters and consumers (9th -15th c)

Author

Leroy, Stéphanie, Hendrickson, Mitch, Delqué-Količ, Emmanuelle, Vega, Enrique, Venunan, Pira, Vincent, Brice, Brauns, Michael, IRAMAT - Laboratoire Archéomatériaux et Prévision de l'Altération (IRAMAT-LAPA), Institut de Recherche sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System, Laboratoire de mesure du carbone 14 (LMC14 - UMS 2572), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Silpakorn University [Bangkok, Thaïlande], École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO), Curt-Engelhorn-Zentrum Archeaometrie (CEZA), and Leroy, Stéphanie

Subjects
[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Since 2014, a transdisciplinary project has been documenting the technical practices and organization of iron smelting activities within the territory of the Angkorian kingdom. This research project applies a holistic approach to archaeometallurgical analyses developed at the interface between field studies, material sciences, and data analysis. A vast archaeometallurgical database has been constructed from the analysis of waste products of iron smelting operations, the investigation of finished products found in use context, and from contextual (spatial and chronological) data from the sites. On a large scale of investigation, it is possible to observe an evolution through space and time of technical practices and of relationships between the smelters and the consumers. Important shifts in the production and distribution networks that related to the political and cultural fluctuations of the Angkorian state can be evidenced. At a local level, we can investigate the logistics of supply, and use or storage of metal products at various sites. This paper discusses some results obtained at these two scales of investigation by presenting, first, the production behaviour that took place around Phnom Dek (Cambodia) over a period of 1400 years; second, the data obtained on the origin and period of production of the iron armatures related to the Prakhon Chai bronzes (7th-9th c., Buriram province, Thailand). Through these two examples, we will demonstrate the methods developed specifically to reveal and describe these patterns.

Published
2022

2. Iron exchange networks in the Khmer kingdom between the 9th and the 15th centuries (Angkor, Cambodia). A review of the IRANGKOR project

Author

Leroy, Stéphanie, Hendrickson, Mitch, Vega, Enrique, Delqué-Količ, Emmanuelle, Vincent, Brice, Venunan, Pira, Pottier, Christophe, Soutif, Dominique, IRAMAT - Laboratoire Archéomatériaux et Prévision de l'Altération (IRAMAT-LAPA), Institut de Recherche sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Anthropology, University of Chicago, Laboratoire de mesure du carbone 14 (LMC14 - UMS 2572), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO), Silpakorn University [Bangkok, Thaïlande], ANR-14-CE31-0007,IRANGKOR,Le fer à Angkor: production, circulation, consommation du métal et expansion de l'Empire Khmer, Cambodge (9e -15e s.), une approche multidisciplinaire et intégrée(2014), Leroy, Stéphanie, and Appel à projets générique - Le fer à Angkor: production, circulation, consommation du métal et expansion de l'Empire Khmer, Cambodge (9e -15e s.), une approche multidisciplinaire et intégrée - - IRANGKOR2014 - ANR-14-CE31-0007 - Appel à projets générique - VALID

Subjects
[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; The international IRANGKOR project was established in 2014 to investigate the spatial, diachronic and synchronic organization of iron consumption and distribution practices within the Khmer empire throughout the period of Khmer expansion and decline of Angkor in the 15th centuries. It also proposes to highlight the role played by the roadways in facilitating movement, aggregation and distribution of iron resources. The relationships between the sources, production workshops and consumption sites were therefore identified as a whole to shed new light on the organization of the Angkorian economy.To reach these large-scale objectives, this project has developed and applied a new methodology based on a combination of archaeological, technological, chronological (14C dating) and provenance (geochemistry, statistics, model) investigations of different types of iron artefacts (architectural crampons, tools and weapons, armatures) associated with various socio-cultural contexts and with wide temporal and spatial distribution within the Khmer Empire. The project was thus coupled with major methodological advances in both provenance investigation and direct dating of iron by radiocarbon dating based on statistical and experimental interpretations. The project has examined a statistically significant number of architectural supports (300 crampons) recovered from different Angkorian masonry complexes (Royal Palace, Baphuon, Angkor Vat, Preah Khan of Kompong Svay, Preah Khan, Banteay Chhmar, Ta Som, Bayon), and tools and weapons from consumption sites (9th to 12th centuries). The methodology was recently implemented on the iron armatures from the religious statuary and objects made of bronze that were also produced in massive quantities and exhibited today in different museums. This paper will expose the methodology, the main results as well as the research perspectives in other archaeological and geographical contexts.

Published
2022

3. The Bagan Iron Project: Preliminary results of the first intensive study of iron production in the Bagan region, Myanmar (11th to 20th c. CE)

Author

Htwe, Kalayar Myat Myat, Phyo Pyae Ko Ko, U., Venunan, Pira, Hendrickson, Mitch, Leroy, Stéphanie, Hudson, Bob, Pryce, T.O., Department of Archaeology, Dagon University, Silpakorn University [Bangkok, Thaïlande], Department of Anthropology, University of Chicago, Laboratoire Archéomatériaux et Prévision de l'Altération (LAPA - UMR 3685), Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (ex SIS2M) (NIMBE UMR 3685), Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), IRAMAT - Laboratoire Métallurgies et Cultures (IRAMAT - LMC), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Préhistoire et Technologie (PréTech), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Silpakorn University, Palacin, Serge, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; The Kingdom of Bagan, with its capital on the Irrawaddy River in central Myanmar, was a primary regional competitor to Angkor whose success was similarly based on rice, trade and conquest. A key question is whether other practices, such as intensified iron production, similarly enabled Bagan's political domination of the region. The Bagan Iron Project represents the first exploration of iron smelting practices conducted around the capital , focussing on three production sites at the village of Zi-O. This paper presents the preliminary results of excavation, mapping and pXRF analyses from the 2019 field season. Comparison of slag and slag mound morphology, furnace visibility and spatial organization between each site suggests the presence of different technical traditions or modifications of one tradition over time. Overall, the scale of Bagan's iron production shows some important differences with their counterparts in Cambodia.

Published
2019

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