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The purpose of this study was to identify the components and methods used in Islamic management research in order to select managers of organizations based on Islamic criteria in the research and in the method of synthesis research. Methodological approach in this qualitative study was using synthesis strategy and content analysis method. Referring to reliable databases and data, there were found 157 articles in the field of Islamic management during the years 1380 to 1396, many of which were unrelated to the objectives of the present study and were published by non-academic writers, among which there were a number 43 articles were selected as sample and purposefully. Findings of the research showed that the most important indicators identified in the field of Islamic management research were: Ordinary Ethics, Religion and Al-Khudjouri, Justice, Softness, and Good Behavior, Al-Sadr, Piety, Thought and Thought, Integrity, Modesty and modesty, courage, simple biology, specialization, trusteeship, forgiveness, consultation and co-operation, legalism, meritocracy. Among other findings of the present study, we can use the qualitative research method as a dominant method in Islamic management studies. Of the 43 articles reviewed, 15 papers have been published individually and 28 articles have been published collectively, and men have been the most involved in these studies. Most of the resources used in Islamic management studies related to the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balaghah.

¿Cómo se refleja el funcionamiento del campo editorial a través de la gestión del patrimonio editorial digital? Entendiendo que la gestión del patrimonio actúa como un indicador sensible que da cuenta del funcionamiento social (del campo editorial), el presente trabajo realiza un repaso por algunas definiciones teóricas del patrimonio, para luego desarrollar las perspectivas ligadas a la noción de patrimonio editorial digital, sus vínculos con los diferentes actores del sector y con el soporte que sustenta el texto. Asimismo, se presta atención a la relación entre patrimonio y procesos de globalización. Los procesos globales aplicados al campo editorial han afectado a la concepción del patrimonio editorial en términos geográficos, pero también idiomáticos y económicos. Por último, se aspira a desarrollar una aproximación al significado contemporáneo de una gestión del patrimonio digital., How does the editorial digital patrimony’s management affect the functioning of the publishing world? Given that patrimony’s management acts as a sensitive hint of the social function (of the publishing world), this paper develops some perspectives related to the concept of editorial digital patrimony, its links to the different actors concerned in that world and with the gadgets or material support that allow the text to be handle. In addition to this, the analysis pays attention to the relation between editorial patrimony and global processes. Applied to the publishing world, these global practices have had an effect on the notion of editorial patrimony in terms of geography, but also in terms of language and economics. Last but not least, the article explores the possibility of the contemporary meaning of an actual administration of the editorial digital patrimony.

The Censor, Wang-shĭ-fŎ, has presented to us a paper, concerning the malversations in office prevalent among the clerks and official assistants in the government offices of Chĭh-le province.

The author, pursuing the train of reasoning detailed in his preceding letters, enters into the further investigation of the variable conditions in a voltaic combination on which its efficiency depends ; and the determination of the proper proportions of its elements for the economical application of its power to useful purposes. He finds that the action of the battery is by no means proportioned to the surfaces of the conducting hemispheres, but approximates to the simple ratio of their diameters ; and hence concludes that the circulating force of both simple and compound voltaic circuits increases with the surface of the conducting plates surrounding the active centres. On these principles he constructed a constant battery consisting of seventy cells in a single series, which gave, between charcoal points separated to a distance of three-quarters of an inch, a flame of considerable volume, forming a continuous arch, and emitting radiant heat and light of the greatest intensity. The latter, indeed, proved highly injurious to the eyes of the spectators, in which, although they were protected by grey glasses of double thickness, a state of very active inflammation was induced. The whole of the face of the author became scorched and inflamed, as if it had been exposed for many hours to a bright midsummer’s sun. The rays, when reflected from an imperfect parabolic metallic mirror in a lantern, and collected into a focus by a glass lens, readily burned a hole in a paper at a distance of many feet from their source. The heat was quite intolerable to the hand held near the lantern. Paper steeped in nitrate of silver and afterwards dried, was speedily turned brown by this light : and when a piece of fine wire-gauze was held before it, the pattern of the latter appeared in white lines, corresponding to the parts which it protected. The phenomenon of the transfer of the charcoal from one electrode to the other, first observed by Dr. Hare, was abundantly apparent ; taking place from the zincode (or positive pole,) to the platinode , (or negative pole). The arch of flame between the electrodes was attracted or repelled by the poles of a magnet, according as the one or the other pole was held above or below it : and the repulsion was at times so great as to extinguish the flame. When the flame was drawn from the pole of the magnet itself, included in the circuit, it rotated in a beautiful manner. The heating power of this battery was so great as to fuse, with the utmost readiness, a bar of platinum, one-eighth of an inch square : and the most infusible metals, such as pure rhodium, iridium, titanium, the native alloy of iridium and osmium, and the native ore of platinum, placed in a cavity scooped out of hard carbon, freely melted in considerable quantities.

1. The Magnetic Observatory at Singapore. Twenty-seven anemometer curves. Eight magnetic observations for February 1841. Anemometer curves for March, April and May 1841. Magnetic observations made on the term-days in November and December 1840, and January 1841, with an abstract of the magnetic and meteorological instruments, from the commencement of December 1840 to the end of January 1841. Daily curves of certain magnetic instruments

The paper deals with the current efforts of the Austrian government to remodel the university sector. The Rectors’ Conference meddled in the discussion process and asked some experts to evaluate the outline which has been drawn up by the ministerial bureaucracy. Result is the voluminous report “Universitaten im Wettbewerb”. The report stands up for a radical change in the sense of neo-liberalism and centres the question how to make universities more efficient. Its suggestions refer to all aspects of universities: their funding and organisation, employment contracts of scientific staff, regulation of studies and access to university. The ideas presented in the report radicalize the outline the government developed. The analysis shows that a break with the targets of educational and research policy in the past is intended. Efficiency of universities and the interests of the economic sector are moved in the focus of policy at the expense of free access to universities, participation of lecturers and students, academic freedom and independent scientific work, diversity of research, generous furthering of junior staff.

Since the publication of my letter to your Lordship, on the history and construction of our Astrological Clock, I have been requested to make an addition or two to that paper, in order to its being more fully illustrative of the subject. In the first place, perhaps the mere representation of the figure of the balance which is given in the thirty-third volume of the Archæologia, page 28, does not convey a precise notion of its end and aim, and therefore another diagram, representing it as applied to the escapement, would be more explanatory: secondly, it has been suggested that to many readers not familiar with the forms of the mediæval horloge, a general drawing of our table-clock would be an acceptable illustration: and thirdly, Count Krasinski, of a distinguished Polish family, who investigated the story and times of Sigismund the Great, has further strengthened me with circumstantial evidence respecting Queen Bona, the presumed original possessor of the clock. On these grounds, therefore, I again trespass on your Lordship's time.

The author states that the compasses of the Pluto were adjusted by Mr. Sims, of the firm of Troughton and Sims, by order of Mr. Pencoote of the East India House, under whose directions that ship was fitted out: and it is to the great pains taken by Mr. Sims in placing the magnets employed for counteracting the local attraction that the author attributes the undeviating accuracy of those compasses during the whole time the Pluto was under his command in both hemispheres. He observes that, in the first place, much care is required in securing the magnets, and protecting them from wet, after their proper position has been ascertained. In the case of the Pluto, two magnets were placed under the deck in the author’s cabin; one of them eighteen inches below the deck, being, it is true, an eyesore, but one of trifling consideration, when compared with the great importance of the well-working of the compass. The next point to be attended to is that the cards, or needles, should be all of the same size, and exactly corresponding with that of the compass used at the placing of the magnets for counteracting the local attraction. The bittacles should all be of the same make and height, and the compass-boxes of the same size; so that whenever a new compass or a fresh bittacle is wanted, the circle in which the needle moves may remain at the same angle from the magnet as at the first adjustment. On a strict attention to these precautions will depend the well-working of the compass in all iron vessels, and also in wooden vessels when-ever the quantity of iron they contain creates the necessity of measures being taken for counteracting local attraction. It has been alleged that the adjustments for local attraction made in northern latitudes are not correct when the ship is south of the equator; but the author states that, in the Pluto, he observed no difference that ship having made, while under his command, passages of many thousand miles, comprising 94 degrees of latitude, namely from 51° North to 43° South, and 153 degrees of longitude, namely from 30° West to 123° East, during the whole of which he never found any other correction for the compasses necessary excepting that required for the magnetic variation, the local attraction having been completely neutralized.

In a short paper read before the Institute at the early part of this year, after alluding to the erroneous methods commonly adopted for the determination and division of surplus in Life Assurance Companies, I intimated my intention to investigate the nature and character of those methods, and to endeavour to demonstrate the mischievous and injurious consequences resulting from them. In the present paper I propose to commence this undertaking, trusting that the undeniable importance of the subject will be considered a sufficient apology for my somewhat frequent introduction of it at these meetings.

Gentlemen,—I have to thank you for the honour you have conferred upon me in electing me to be your Honorary President—an honour which I appreciate all the more when there are so many gentlemen connected with the profession better qualified to adorn the post. Had I consulted your interests, I certainly should have declined the office, but the honour was too great to be refused, even although the acceptance sacrificed your advancement.Having resolved to accept the position, the difficulty which presented itself to my mind was, on what subject to address you. At first I felt inclined to take as my topic the Education of an Actuary, but on reflection I found that it would be impossible to add anything to what had been said by my predecessors; and however satisfactory this would have, been to me, I felt it might not be so to you; so I at length concluded that, as a scientific paper would be out of place, I could not do better than give you a few practical notes relating to the actuarial profession.

The purpose of this paper is to develop an organizational learning framework to support the strategic management process. Organizational learning is divided into two strategically relevant categories, external and internal, which involve complementary processes with separate advantages and disadvantages. External learning focuses on four strategically relevant domains of the organizational environment: customers, competitors, networks, and institutions. Internal learning includes individual, intrafunctional, interfunctional, and multilevel learning. Different domains of learning become crucial for firms over time depending on the evolving characteristics of their industry environment. Thus, an important task of strategic management is to lead the organizational learning process by identifying and allocating resources to the crucial domains of organizational learning that provide the necessary organizational capabilities to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage.

In 1894 I began the preparatory studies for an account of the later Indian Moghul system of government and administration in all its branches, being impelled by the belief that some information of the kind was a necessary introduction to a History of that period, which I had previously planned and commenced. Before I had done more than sketch out my first part, which deals with the Sovereign, the Court Ceremonial, and the elaborate system of Entitlature, I noticed the issue of a book on a part of my subject by Dr. Paul Horn. The perusal of this excellent work diverted my attention to a later section of my proposed Introduction, the subject of the Army and Army Organization; and in this way I have been led to write this portion before any of the others. Except incidentally, my paper is neither a translation nor a review of Dr. Horn's essay; and though indebted to him, as acknowledged from time to time, my study covers, in the main, quite different ground, forming a complement to what he has done, and, as I think, carrying the subject a good deal farther in several directions. Dr. Horn seems to have read chiefly the authorities for the period before Aurangzeb ‘Ālamgīr; while my reading has been confined in great measure to the reigns of Aurangzeb's successors in the period 1707–1803.

A paper presented on Apr. 6, 1959, under the sponsorship of AWWA, at the Engineers Joint Council's Nuclear Engineering and Science Congress, Cleveland, Ohio, by; Byron M. Branson, Physicist; G. R. Hagee, Chief, Physical and Instrumental Analysis ; A. S. Goldin, Chief, Radiochemical Analysis; Gerald J. Karches, Physicist; and Conrad P. Straub, Chief, Radiological Health Research Activities; all of the Division of Radiological Health, Robert A. Taft San. Eng. Center, USPHS, Cincinnati, Ohio.

The dissertation presents an institutional perspective on the role of values and meaning for organizations focusing on the institutional logic of religion. At its core are Chapter III, a conceptual paper, and Chapters IV and V, empirical papers based on an in-depth two-years long ethnographic case study on the founding process of the first Islamic Bank in Germany. They are framed by an introductory chapter and a conclusion that address the overarching research question of how diverse institutional demands are managed within and beyond the boundaries of organizations, as well as a general literature review chapter that embeds the papers within the wider institutional theory literature. Chapter III presents a conceptualization that integrates religion, specifically Islam, with entrepreneurship along three interconnected pillars: the entrepreneurial, socio-economic/ethical and religio-spiritual; and outlines how Islam shapes entrepreneurship at the micro-, meso- and macro-level. It suggests the institutional logics perspective to further analyze the impact of religion on organizations, which the subsequent papers build on. Chapter IV extends theory on organizational hybridity by outlining polyphony and polysemy as two mutually reinforcing organizational responses, that allow competing logics to coexist without structurally separating or blending them, and that produce elastic hybridity, showing how hybrid organizations can accommodate competing logics that are both central and incompatible. Chapter V shows how organizations collectively and dynamically co-generate and co-resolve institutional complexity through four combinatory mechanisms: pushing, pulling, clarifying and tolerating. These are subsequently integrated into a framework based on their desired versus required and actual versus perceptual nature. Overall, this dissertation contributes to a better understanding of how organizations manage diverse institutional demands including religion.

The principal data which form the basis of the present paper were tabulated by the writer for the Annual Report of the Chief Inspector of Factories for 1899, and were obtained as a result of an enactment in the Factories and Workshops Act of 1895. This enactment requires every medical practitioner attending on or called in to visit a patient whom he believes to be suffering from lead poisoning, contracted in a factory or workshop, to notify the case forthwith to the Chief Inspector of Factories at the Home Office; and a similar obligation is imposed on the occupier of a factory or workshop to send written notice of every such case to the Certifying Surgeon and Inspector of Factories for the district.

The improvement in vitality is a subject of interest alike to the actuary and to the public statistician. It formed one of the topics for discussion at the Fourth International Congress of Actuaries held in New York in 1903, and papers were submitted by actuaries of different countries dealing with the subject mainly from the point of view of population statistics. The results of most direct interest to us were embodied in a paper by Mr. S. G. Warner On the Improvement in Longevity in the Nineteenth Century. They were based on the summarised returns of the Registrar-General's Reports for England and Wales for the years 1875 and 1900; and, while admitting the defects inherent in the data, Mr. Warner held that the statistics showed “a distinct decrease in the rate of “mortality as the century progresses; a decrease, on the whole, “so steady and symmetrical that it might fairly be looked on as a “settled and permanent tendency.

(1) THE developments of the theory and practice of engineering in relation to the internal-combustion engine have been so rapid in the last few years that old text-books are practically obsolete, and the serious student of this fascinating subject can only obtain trustworthy information by consulting a mass of original papers. The present text-books are of the class which will appeal to advanced students of engineering, and will also be welcomed by engineers who, without having a specialist knowledge of the subject, wish to keep abreast of modern developments. (1) The Internal Combustion Engine. By H. E. Wimperis. Pp. xiii+326. (London: Constable and Co., Ltd., 1908.) Price 6s. net. (2) Internal Combustion Engines, their Theory, Construction, and Operation. By R. C. Carpenter H. Diederichs. Pp. xiv+597. (London: Crosby Lockwood and Son; New York: D. van Nostrand Co., 1908.) Price 21s. net.

Mr. Cambage explained that towards the end of last year Dr. W. G. Woolnough, F.G.S., Demonstrator in Geology at the Sydney University, had drawn his attention to the fact that some systematic photographie surveying was about to be carried out in Fiji, and suggested that the results might be of interest to members of this Institution. Mr. Cambage thereupon wrote to Mr. Blair, Commissioner of Lands, who referred the letter to Mr. McCaw, the officer in charge of the Trigonometrical Survey, and the present paper is the result.

Since reading a paper before the Archæological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland in February, 1913, on the two factory sites at Peppard, Oxon, we have carried out further excavations, and I propose to give a brief account of the new implements found there, and to discuss the evidence as to the date arrived at as a result of the whole work. Sections of the sites and a map showing their position were given in that paper, and 28 of the implements illustrated.The deeper site (Site 1) was re-opened by Mr. Reginald Smith, F.S.A., of the British Museum, in October, 1913, and some of the problems connected with it cleared up. This site was then found to be an open pit, similar to a modern chalk pit, with a pathway leading into it from the lowest level, 8 ft. across and 7½ ft. long. The floor of this adit formed a gently inclined plane to the bottom of the pit, being covered at the entrance with 2½ ft. of rainwash. This method of approach to the mine is what one would expect from its situation on the slope of a hill. It differs thus from the mines at Cissbury and Grime's Graves, where the circular cups were much deeper (40 ft.) and must have been entered by some form of ladder, such as a tree trunk with the branches cut short to form steps or a rope made of hide.

A major driver for interdisciplinary approaches to teaching and learning is the sustainability agenda. Our paper describes a novel interdisciplinary approach to education for sustainability in healthcare intended to raise awareness about issues and provide opportunities for nursing and design students to collectively develop solutions. A scenario was constructed based on our research on sustainable healthcare and waste management and formed one of four skills stations during a nursing clinical skills day. Learning outcomes were specified and students engaged in discussion, fact finding and practical work. Design students observed the skills stations and participated in the sustainability scenario session; they then produced a range of design solutions which were tested by the nursing students. The process was evaluated using a brief survey to determine if the session had made students more aware of sustainability issues and to gain feedback about the teaching methods. Forty one students took part and completed evaluations forms; all thought the scenarios were realistic and saw the relevance to practice. Following the scenario sessions the product design students were encouraged to respond holistically to the sustainability issues they were introduced to; they generated a range of ideas to innovate product and packaging concepts at local level and industry wide that were tested with nursing students. From our intervention, it was found that there are significant benefits in bringing together different professional groups to consider the very real challenges healthcare faces due to climate change and resource depletion. This initiative suggests a scenario-based interprofessional approach to sustainability can be effective in the undergraduate curricula.

This paper aims at analyzing achievements of Tan Kah Kee, the unique figure of the overseas Chinese community in Southeast Asia. He lived up to Confucian standards, underlining the importance of knowledge that could transform the position of a country in different areas. Tan focused his attention on improving educational standards in China. Therefore he set up the Jimei Schools and Xiamen University (the first university in China founded by the overseas Chinese).

A dominant theme within the HRM literature concerns the identification of 'best practices' that will enhance both organisational performance and employee commitment. Though research exploring the impact of these practices at the level of the individual is considerably limited, it is implied that they may be applied both across and within organisations, yielding favourable firm level outcomes and employee behaviours. There is growing support among researchers for a more complex understanding of commitment. Meyer and Allen (1997) suggest that commitment is best viewed as multi-dimensional, comprising affective, continuance and normative dimensions. Employees displaying each dimension of commitment will remain in an organisation because they feel that they want to, need to or ought to do so. Research suggests that certain organisational and individual variables are related to different forms of commitment. There is also evidence that both commitment and work attitudes differ over the stages of an employee's career. This presents the possibility that organisations seeking to promote commitment may need to tailor HR practices to suit employees' needs, thus challenging the best practice perspective at the employee level. This paper extends on the literature by examining whether career stage has a moderating influence on the HR-commitment relationship. The empirical research is based on an employee attitude survey within three financial service organisations in Ireland (N= 288). Using moderated multiple regression, the findings highlight the extent to which interaction effects are evident regarding attitudes towards HR practices and continuance and normative commitment, though not affective commitment. The implications of these findings for the management of commitment are discussed.