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There is some confusion surrounding the management of people with lymphoedema in the presence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). This may be in relation to the suitability of commencing compression therapy or regarding the continuation of compression therapy in those who develop DVT. The purpose of this British Lymphology Society position paper is to support evidence-based practice and debunk the myths surrounding the management of DVT and lymphoedema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiential knowledge of government business among clerks in the Treasury's paper room stimulated new logs to control transit of records and classified indexes to expand recall of business beyond personal memory. Despite a flowering of expertise in records matters before the First World War, effective changes were compromised by the volume of paper work, inherent limitations of format, and the increased speed of business. Additional staff was the favoured option for keeping up because it did not imply re-thinking the format of records, optimum linking of their physical and intellectual control, or changed operations of the paper room and re-assignment of staff. Classified indexes, a Victorian achievement in the Treasury, held the central service together until the restrictions of format and space for files and for registration notes and for paper room operations led to a new system of registration and classification in 1920. The Victorian separation of initial registration from ultimate classification was replaced by the union of the two processes at the beginning; the principle of file formation changed from one letter, one file, to one subject, one file. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jonathan Shay argued that social, relational, and institutional contexts were central to understanding moral injury and conceptualised moral injury as a normative response to the betrayal of an individual's understanding of what is right by a more senior/authoritative "other". Using the conceptual lens of moral injury, this paper investigates academic staff experiences of HE during the COVID-19 pandemic and explores the rapid transition back to face-to-face teaching that took place in autumn 2020. To collect data, we used an online survey that opened in January 2021 and ran until the end of March 2021. A total of 663 complete questionnaires were received across the survey period. The questionnaire was comprised of ten topic-related questions, each of which included follow-up sub-questions and also invited participants to write in additional information. The majority of participants felt that during the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, they had acted in ways that put their own health and wellbeing at risk. Of those who had acted in ways that put their health and wellbeing at risk, they believed that their senior management were the most responsible for them acting in such ways, followed by the UK government. Qualitative data showed a systemic absence of leadership in the sector during the time, a sense of betrayal of staff and students by senior management and the government, and feelings of compulsion to act in ways which put lives at risk. On the basis of these results, we argue that there could be synergies between the situation facing healthcare staff and academics during the pandemic. Many of the experiences of HE academic staff during the pandemic reported to us in this research are resonant with the concepts of betrayal and moral injury and resulted in affective responses which we understand here in relation to feelings of guilt, shame, and anger, leading ultimately to poor mental health and wellbeing. This paper discusses implications for the HE sector going forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay analyzes the processes behind the publication of physics papers in two British journals in the 1920s: the Proceedings of the Royal Society of London: Series A and the Philosophical Magazine. On the surface, it looked as though the Philosophical Magazine was managed very informally, while the Proceedings had in place a seemingly rigid system of committee approval and peer review. This essay shows, however, that in practice the two journals were both influenced by networks of expertise that afforded small groups of physicists considerable control over the content of these prestigious scientific publications. This study explores the nature of peer review, suggesting how a historical approach can contribute to contemporary debates. In studying these relationships, the essay also considers the interplay of "classical" and "modern" ideas and physicists in 1920s Britain and cautions against an anachronistic approach to this classification [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to bring together two separate strands of the literature (politics and industrial relations) on civil service management and reform to enable consideration of the industrial relations implications of these changes. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is conceptual and has no empirical base. The paper is a general review of existing literature on the subject. Findings – The paper identifies the importance of historical legacy in both management and union behaviour in the civil service. By revisiting earlier civil service reforms, the reader is able to gain an understanding of the rationale for much of the current restructuring of the civil service. Additionally, any discussion of trade union behaviour should be located in the context of union tradition and evolution. Research limitations/implications – In being a general review, the paper does not report empirical evidence but instead provides the background for future research into civil service industrial relations and management. Originality/value – This paper is the first to provide a systematic review of management restructuring in the civil service whilst at the same time considering union responses. As such, the paper is of interest to academics and practitioners in the areas of both management and politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper investigates semiotics as an integrative, foundational framework for operational research (OR). To this end, the semiotics of the pragmatist C.S. Peirce is explained and its application in OR research, and consulting practice is explored. It is the fourth in a series of papers each seeking to ground OR in a different logic: philosophic/mathematical logic, pragmatic logic, economic logic and now semiotic logic. For Peirce, semiotics is a logic, and as such it is argued in the paper that it can embrace philosophical/mathematical, pragmatic and economic logics. The comprehensive nature of semiotics is such that it brings to a close the research programme aimed at establishing foundations for OR. However, the closure of one programme opens up another—the application of semiotics in OR practice and academic research. Possible avenues for further research include learning from, and collaboration with, neighbouring disciplines such as information systems and computer science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the decline of British national newspapers. It says that the main factors affecting the decline are the actions made by the proprietors, unions and the government. It states that unreasonable pricing, market positioning, unreliable image because of strikes, and worsening distribution networks were among contributors to the deteriorating condition of the industry. It offers several actions and recommendations that proprietors should adopt in order to save the industry, which includes cutting of production and operating costs, persuading the unions to accept full automation, and moving some or all of the papers to one or more printing plants in England. It mentions the idea of entering to a joint operating agreements to keep the papers.

Purpose: This paper conducts a general bibliometric analysis review of agency theory in accounting (financial and management). The bibliometric analysis offers historical information on-trend and performance research. Methodology: The study investigated the related literature in the agency theory and accounting (financial and management) from 1999-2019, obtained from the Scopus database. The literature-based documents are on the study of the scientific output and distribution of subject categories and journals. Keywords of the authors also have focused on determining the study hotspots. Findings: The findings of this study show that annual production has increased over the period under investigation. The Critical Perspective on Account is the leading prolific journal and Accounting, Auditing and Accountability is a most influential journal. The result also shows that many top institutions are from the United Kingdom. Simultaneously, the United States of America leads the highest production and cited documents of related scientific articles. Originality /Value: This study contributes on the awareness of using bibliometric analysis study to explore development in the scientific field, that is, the use of keywords to extract information for research growth in terms of the number of production and citations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper explores how deservingness features in how line managers and employees with cancer negotiate post-diagnosis support in the workplace. Design/methodology/approach: It draws on narrative interview data from people with cancer in the UK who were employed when diagnosed and line managers with experience of managing an employee with cancer. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with members of occupational health and human resources staff and staff from a UK cancer support charity. Findings: It shows that post-diagnosis support for employees with cancer was negotiated in subjective, individualised ways, drawing on pre-diagnosis workplace contribution as well as the perceived deservingness of cancer as an illness. Managerial support for employees with cancer was also influenced by post-diagnosis employee behaviours, particularly those that implied a readiness to return to work. Research limitations/implications: The sample size and methods limit the generalisability of the results. However, sampling choices were instrumental in reaching a rich set of data, which enabled deeper understanding of individual workplace negotiations. Social implications: Pervasive and unhelpful notions of deservingness in the context of ill-health and disability have distinct and worrying implications for ageing workforces, particularly across the Global North. This has been exacerbated by the ongoing uncertainty and insecurity triggered by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As a result insight into the management of ill-health at work has never been more relevant, and can be used to inform policy and practice. Originality/value: This exploratory paper extends debates usually reserved for social welfare and health provision to a new domain by exploring how deservingness features in line manager–employee interactions in the context of an employee diagnosis of cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Following serious case review, the Transforming Care agenda (DH, 2015) highlights the need for adults with learning disabilities, autism, mental health issues or behaviors that challenge to be supported within communities rather than hospitals. Poor or absent leadership has been identified as contributing to serious cases of abuse in health-care settings [Department of Health (DH), 2012]. This paper aims to focus on identifying the elements required for good leadership and service delivery in community forensic services (CFS). Design/methodology/approach: The perspectives of 12 support workers working in CFS were obtained through semi-structured interviews. Findings: Thematic analysis identified two predominant themes, namely, authentic leadership and effective team practice. A culture of trust and learning occurs when teams are well led. This culture leads to consistent practice which benefits services users and reduces risk of poor practice. Analysis suggests a framework for service delivery which is complimented by aspects of the Total Attachment model. Research limitations/implications: The data set was collected from the same organisation and views may have been aligned to existing organisational policy. However, the sample was taken across different teams and geographical locations to collate more generalised experiences of team dynamics. The lead researcher works for the organisation and this dual role may have affected the candour with which individuals shared information during interviews. Practical implications: Using a model to understand the functional dynamics of teams within CFS may support leaders and practitioners to improve service delivery. Social implications: Improving service delivery within CFS may increase opportunity to meet the Transforming Care Agenda. Originality/value: This paper examines staff perspectives and the application of theoretical frameworks to propose a unique service delivery model for supported living within CFS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides information on the strategy of the National Health Service of Great Britain to manage its paperworks. Role of nurse managers in paperwork management; Practices that contributed to paper load in the agency.

The article discusses the campaign of Unite unions against the White Paper National Health Services (NHS) reforms. It mentions that the proposed reforms on the NHS White Paper are geared towards privatization, increased competition, and exclusion of health services to communities. Details on the concerns of Unite members on the terms and conditions of the White Paper reforms are discussed. According to Unite, the effect of reforms could result into inequalities among patients needing service.

In 2002, the UK government launched the Advanced Institute of Management Research, a major initiative intended to raise the quality of research in business schools. Rather than offering research grants in open competition, AIM deliberately funded a select few leading lights in management. Insufficient allowance was made for the Research Assessment Exercise, which measured research excellence in terms of papers published in top journals. The AIM's elite exploited its existing publishing advantage, and AIM provided further resources to aid their efforts. The AIM recruited willing acolytes to work with its elite in fashioning the sort of papers required by the top journals of management - positive papers, consensual and endlessly citable. Analysis of the publishing patterns of AIM senior fellows reveals research cliques and publication silos rather than a network organization. Much as the elite saw its AIM funding as recognition of its own excellence, so AIM itself came to be seen as acknowledgement of the excellence of management research as a whole. That AIM existed to raise management research from intellectual poverty was forgotten. The AIM was wound up in 2012, having spent £30 million, most of it on the subject's elite. The problems that beset management research remain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper highlights the contribution of archival data and historical methods to impactful research in industrial relations, the sociology of work, management studies and Human Resource Management. Whilst archival methods are widely used in some of these fields of research, there has also been considerable debate in these fields over the challenges of conducting impactful research using archival data. The paper draws on archival records from the National Archives in the UK to explore the evolving relationship between private temporary employment agencies and the state over the 1980s. The paper highlights how the actions of specific labour market actors, particularly lobbying activities by private agencies, and the changing economic and political climate over the 1980s, impacted on perceptions and attitudes within government towards temporary employment agencies. In doing so, the paper sheds new light on the early evolution of what are now recognised as important dynamics shaping the contemporary employment agency industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The poor grade subarachnoid haemorrhage patients represent a unique cohort with lack of clear treatment protocol. Most neurosurgical units in the UK will manage them at local hospital until they make a significant recovery, this period can put them at higher risk of rebleed while with aggressive treatment a significant subset can achieve a favourable outcome. Identification of this subset is difficult and decision to treat them is associated with significant commitment of neurosurgical and ITU resources. Recent paper by Szklener has come up with a scale for prognostication in this subgroup of patients. We wanted to check the validity of this scale in our patient population and see if this scale can be used to guide early patient transfer and aggressive management at the Neurosurgical unit. We retrospectively reviewed our referral database for all poor grade subarachnoid patients referred over 2 years. Demographic information, Fisher and WFNS scores, admitting leucocyte count and outcome information as per MRS were obtained. These were scored as per the scale suggested by Szklener. A total of 115 poor grade subarachnoid patients were referred over the study time frame. 47 of them were accepted for admission. 18/47 patients achieved a favourable outcome (GOS4-5). Only 1 patient managed in peripheral hospital had a good outcome. There was a significant association between Szklener's score and achieving a favourable outcome p = 0.002. A selective admission policy could work specially with current economic climate, achieving outcomes comparable to admit-all. However, to optimise outcomes for all patients an aggressive standardised management at peripheral hospitals and a uniform admission policy assisted by Szklener score may be adopted. Szklener's model predicts the outcome better than WFNS and age but more validation is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of preferences when small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are confronted with the practical problems associated with implementing frequent and large-scale changes to their working policies and practices. This paper aims to alleviate some of the concerns as claimed in positioning and change agency theory by introducing "preferential role positioning" to organizational change. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a qualitative case study approach and change agency and positioning theories to find out the extent to which staff and management experienced the practical difficulties and challenges and what resolution actions they took. Eighty-five semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2004/2005 and 2011 with the staff and management of four SMEs in the UK. An interpretative analysis was conducted on the case data in the tradition of Husserl and Schutz. In the first set, participants were asked to elucidate the difficulties faced in their roles and how these were experienced whilst the second focused on impacts and strategies. Three independent researchers reviewed and interpreted the qualitative data and helped with the coding and thematization. Findings: This paper's main results are based on the data's three stages showing how SME members chose to deal with the practical difficulties namely "new structures and procedures" (stage 1); "new ways of communicating" (stage 2) and "new collaborations" (stage 3). The combination of the stages' aspects led to the emergence of "preferential role positioning" as the study's theoretical contribution to the gap on preferences in organizational change research. Research limitations/implications: The eighty-five interviews from UK-based SMEs constrained the sample size thereby limiting the number of questionnaire categories asked. The findings and their analysis cannot be generalized to non-SMEs that seek to address similar difficulties. Practical implications: Managers need to be aware of the adverse impacts of using draconian, top-down disciplinary and punishment measures/structures as a way to implement change. Other practical lessons include the fact that managers should contextualize people's anxieties, dissatisfaction, resistance and disengagement as a platform from which social knowledge can be generated with all change agents in order to resolve implementation challenges in the longer term. Staff developed the ability to deal with some practical issues such as navigating through the new departmental structures, new working procedures and new ways of talking with management and with each other to implement change more successfully. Social implications: The social value of the findings demonstrates that preferences can be imported from other social science disciplines into Organizational Studies to show the value of what people can contribute and how they choose to do so (i.e. via what discourse, using what types of interactions and capabilities to do so). In addition, the results show that management need to consider employees in their plans as they try to implement change firstly to facilitate greater interaction and success, secondly to minimize implementation difficulties and thirdly as a recognition that there are multiple change agents and multiple role-enacting positions in developing sociological knowledge that can be of value. Originality/value: This study's three-stage approach has shown that a successful implementation and management of change in SMEs should also include a bottom-up recognition of the difficulties, adversities, conflicts and tensions and a resolution to deal with the structural and communicative constraints via dialogue and "preferential role positioning". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a paper about the interrelation between the status and work of surgeons, limitation of resources and the impact of the introduction of general management in the British National Health Service (NHS). The author mentions that it is illusory to expect the separation of the NHS from the elements of politics.

The article reports on the consultation being launched by the government in the nursing sector over a plan to dismantle primary care trusts and to commission the 80-billion pound health services to consortia of general practitioners (GP) in Great Britain.

Aim: The management of anal fissure: ACPGBI position statement was written 15 years ago. [KLR Cross et al., Colorectal Dis, 2008]. Our aim was to update the guideline and provide recommendations on the most effective treatment for patients with anal fissures utilising a multidisciplinary, rigorous guideline methodology. Methods: The development process consisted of six phases. In phase 1 we defined the scope of the guideline. The patient population included patients with acute and chronic anal fissure. The target group was all practitioners (primary and secondary care) treating patients with fissures and, in addition, healthcare workers and patients who desired information regarding fissure management. In phase 2 we formed a guideline development group (GDG) including a methodologist. In phase 3 review questions were formulated, using a reversed PICO process, starting with possible recommendations based on the GDG's knowledge. In phase 4 a comprehensive literature search focused on existing systematic reviews addressing each review question, supplemented by more recent studies if appropriate. In phase 5 data were extracted from the included papers and checked by the GDG. If indicated, meta‐analysis of systematic review data was updated by the GDG. During phase 6 the GDG members decided what recommendations could be made based on the evidence in the literature and strength of the recommendation was assessed using 'grade'. Results: This guideline is divided into two sections: Primary care which includes (i) diagnosis; (ii) basic treatment; (iii) topical treatment; and secondary care which includes (iv) botulinum toxin therapy; (v) surgical intervention and (vi) special situations (including pregnancy and breast‐feeding patients, children, receptive anal intercourse and low‐pressure fissures). A total of 23 recommendations were formulated. A new term clinically healed was described by the GDG. Conclusion: This guideline provides an up‐to‐date evidence‐based summary of the current knowledge of the management of anal fissure and may serve as a useful guide for clinicians as well as a potential reference for patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To explain how the healthcare needs of transgender personnel are met within the United Kingdom Armed Forces. Background It may be that when transgender people disclose their gender preference that they are at increased risk of social exclusion. The United Kingdom Armed Forces has an inclusive organisational policy for the recruitment and management of transgender personnel. Design This is a position paper about how the healthcare needs of transgender military personnel are met by the United Kingdom Armed Forces. Methods United Kingdom Armed Forces policy was placed into context by reviewing current research, discussing medical terminology and describing the policy. This was followed by an account of how UK AF policy is applied in practice. Discussion Where armed forces had an inclusive policy for the management of transgender personnel, there seemed to be little cause for secrecy and zero tolerance of discrimination when compared to nations where this was not the case. Medical terminology has changed to reflect a more inclusive, less stigmatising use of language. The United Kingdom Armed Forces policy has been described as progressive and inclusive. The application of this policy in practice may be dependent upon strong leadership and training. The wider United Kingdom Armed Forces seems capable of adopting a pragmatic and flexible approach to meeting the healthcare needs of transgender personnel. Conclusion The United Kingdom Armed Forces value diversity within their workforce and have a progressive, inclusive policy for the recruitment and management of transgender personnel. Relevance to Clinical Practice When supporting a transgender military person, healthcare professionals, civilian organisations and military line managers should consider referring to United Kingdom Armed Forces policy as early as possible. Other military and uniformed services may wish to examine the United Kingdom Armed Forces exemplar in order to consider the applicability within their own organisational setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: A smart city is a city that functions in a sustainable and intelligent way, by integrating all of its infrastructures and services in a cohesive way using intelligent devices for monitoring and control, to ensure efficiency and better quality of life for its citizens. As other countries globally, the UK is keen on economic development and investment in smart-city missions to create interest in monetary environment and inward investment. This paper aims to explore the driving forces of smart road transport transformation and implementation in the UK. Design/methodology/approach: The study involved interviews with 16 professionals from the UK road transport sector. A semi-structured interview technique was used to collect experts' perception, which was then examined using content analysis. Findings: The results of the study revealed that the technological advancement is a key driver. The main challenges faced during the implementation of smart-city elements in the UK road network are lack of investment, maintenance, state of readiness and the awareness of the smart road transport concept. The study concludes that an understanding of the concept of smart cities from a road transport perspective is very important to create awareness of the benefits and the way it works. A wider collaboration between every sector is crucial to create a successful smart city. Originality/value: The study contributes to the field of digitalisation of road transport sector. This paper reveals the key driving forces of smart road transport transformation, the current status of smart road transport implementation in the UK and challenges of the smart road transport development in the UK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been a strong policy emphasis over the past decade on optimising patient‐centred care and reducing general practitioners' (GPs') workload by extending community pharmacy services and collaboration between pharmacists and GPs. Our aim was to review current evidence of pharmacists' and GPs' views of extended community pharmacy services and pharmacists' roles in the United Kingdom (UK). A systematic review was undertaken looking at UK studies investigating pharmacists' and/or GPs' views of community pharmacy services or roles from 2005 to 2017. A range of databases were searched including EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA), PsycINFO, Science Direct and The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). In addition, reference lists of included studies were screened and grey literature was searched. Following the application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, the quality of papers was critically analysed, findings were extracted into a grid and subjected to narrative synthesis following thematic analysis. The search strategy yielded a total of 4,066 unique papers from which 60 were included. Forty‐seven papers covered pharmacists' views, nine combined both pharmacists' and GPs' views and four covered GPs' views. Study designs included interviews (n = 31, 52%), questionnaire surveys (n = 17, 28%) and focus groups (n = 7, 12%). Three main themes emerged from the data: "attitudes towards services/roles", "community pharmacy organisations" and "external influences". Pharmacists and GPs perceived a number of barriers to successful implementation and integration of pharmacy services. Moreover, collaboration between pharmacists and GPs remains poor despite the introduction of extended services. Overall, extending community pharmacy services require quality‐driven incentives and joint working between community pharmacists and GPs to achieve better integration within the patient's primary care pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: People with an intellectual disability who commit a criminal offence can be detained, by a court, in a forensic inpatient facility. There is limited understanding of how inpatients with an intellectual disability and their nurses navigate risk in U.K. forensic services. Methods: A traditional literature review design was followed to map evidence (2000–2021) around the forensic and health and wellbeing risks faced by inpatients with an intellectual disability, nurses' perceptions of managing risk, and patient experiences of informing risk assessment and management. Papers were analysed thematically. Results: Findings suggest that restrictive measures to mitigate forensic risks (e.g., violence) can exacerbate the risk of poor health and wellbeing outcomes. There was some limited evidence of direct patient involvement in risk assessment and management. Conclusion: Further research is required to explore how forensic inpatients with an intellectual disability can have input in care planning, risk assessment and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article maps and compares four universities' policies and procedures for addressing faculty and staff sexual misconduct in higher education in the UK and US. While universities have engaged in significant work to grapple with student-student sexual misconduct, attention to misconduct perpetrated, and experienced, by higher education employees is relatively nascent. In this paper, we explore the maze of institutional processes and actors that victimsurvivors of FASSM might encounter. We describe what is known about prevalence of FASSM in the US and UK and offer an overview of the policy landscape in both settings. Inspired by Patricia Yancey Martin, we analyze publicly available policy documents on FASSM from two US and two UK universities and map out visually the range of investigative, reporting, and sanctioning processes. We introduce an analytic distinction between an actor and a practitioner within the FASSM context, whereby actors are those tasked with administrative duties in handling sexual misconduct reports, while practitioners are those with specialized knowledge and training that enables them to prioritize victim-survivor needs. These illustrative diagrams suggest that while university employees are tasked to act on reports and disclosures of sexual misconduct, it is difficult to identify specialist practitioners with expertise to support victim-survivors of FASSM. Ultimately, this work provides a deeper understanding of what practice looks like in relation to higher education FASSM, and we outline implications for future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considerable amounts of data are collected on the UK's stock of bridges. Much of this data is collected to inform the planning and scope of maintenance activities. This paper reports on the results of a series of semi-structured interviews with 17 individuals involved in UK bridge asset management and data-collection activities to explore how such data is used in practice. A wide spectrum of organisations and industrial sectors was represented in this dataset. Hierarchical process modelling was used to characterise the UK's bridge management system and define the processes and sub-processes involved in the management of bridges. Key quotations are used from the interviews to reveal the state of data collection and use in UK bridge infrastructure from the perspective of those directly involved. The study concludes that there is significant variation within the industry regarding the use of visual inspection data and that formal structural health monitoring remains relatively rare. Furthermore, there is a need to develop a new unifying paradigm that will frame the efficient and effective application of emerging artificial intelligence and data science enabled (i.e. 'smart') condition-monitoring techniques to bridge management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The enormous increase in the United Kingdom’s national debt during the two world wars of the twentieth century meant that government debt management, which had hitherto been regarded as a matter of ‘budgetary convenience’, acquired great macroeconomic significance. The paper examines and compares four episodes in the management of the national debt since 1919 and in each case explores the relationship between debt management and monetary policy. The current policy of quantitative easing is a form of government debt management and the paper discusses it in the context of the earlier episodes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article highlights the tenth anniversary of the publication of the "British Journal of Management," the house journal of the British Academy of Management (BAM) and relates the author's experiences serving as General Editor of the journal for the past five years. According to the author, when he accepted the position, he took on a daunting task, which is to continue the publication of high-quality papers drawn from across the full-range of functional areas and base disciplines that constitute the field of business and management studies.

This paper discusses how we have improved patient handover by implementing an electronic system for weekend handover. We discuss the process of changing handover methods and the results of an audit comparing our old paper based book versus our new 'e-handover' system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1996, a paper (Floyd, 1996), on the Vocational Rehabilitation Services in the United Kingdom, reviewed the way in which the services had evolved during the past 50 years, since the end of the second world war. The author described the Disabled Persons (Employment) Act 1944 and the development of rehabilitation and placement services and sheltered workshops over the years. He also gave readers a glimpse of possible future changes, and, in particular, speculated that the UK might follow the United States in the professional training and development of employment and vocational rehabilitation personnel.This paper describes first the main services currently provided by Government and then outlines the quite significant legislative changes and one major policy development that have taken place in the past five years. This includes an overview of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 which came into force in late 1996, a brief look at some of the early outcomes, and describes the latest proposals for amendment. A description of the major policy development (New Deal for Disabled People) is also given but it is too soon to report on its effectiveness. Whether the changes will lead to any lasting improvement in labour market participation by disabled people, remains an unanswered question; certainly, up to the present, from a statistical point of view, it seems that the position remains much the same (Curtis J, forthcoming). The paper concludes with discussion of the latest key issues and returns to the question raised in 1996 about the training of employment and rehabilitation personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses important questions such as: what challenges are presented by new regulation to bank's infrastructure, risk management and profitability and how can these challenges be best addressed? It also examines the potential impact FinTech has on the riskiness of banks and proposes RegTech as the solution. Following a brief overview of the impact and costs of regulation since the financial crisis, the paper introduces RegTech in the context of challenges facing financial institutions and the limitations of governance, risk and compliance (GRC) systems. This paper's main contribution is in its delineation of a regulatory compliance and risk ontology, the technologies that underpin it and the related objective-risk-control (ORC) model. The paper argues that these provide a platform on which RegTech can perform effective risk management and compliance reporting in a global post-crisis regulatory environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to explain the global, historic context of public administration and the specific British context of teaching and research for public administration. Also, it asks the question, "is twenty-first century public administration still 'fit for purpose?'". Design/methodology/approach -- The paper is a personal reflection on the changes to public administration and management during the twentieth and early part of the twenty-first century, in particular how the UK Learned Society has responded to a number of global, policy and cultural changes. Findings -- The findings demonstrate how the UK Joint University Council (JUC), representing public administration, has responded to changes, in particular to recent forces impacting on HE and training providers. It includes the outcomes of a series of recent UK debates as JUC approaches its 100-year centenary in 2018. It concludes by showing that public administration research, teaching and scholarship are as necessary, if not more so, in 2018. In particular, issues such as accountability, legality, integrity and responsiveness, the overall ethical guidelines are vital for both public and private educational curricula. For either theory building or empirical descriptions, public administration research can still positively contribute to the wider economy. Research limitations/implications -- As a personal reflection, the findings are offered to add to a debate on the future of public administration scholarship in the UK, and much wider afield. Practical implications -- The contents should be of benefit to academics, policy and practitioners in the field of public administration and management. Social implications -- This study has wider societal implications, as all states are facing growing social problems and a need to seek novel ways of delivering public services. Originality/value -- Though the paper is a personal reflection, and may therefore be challenged, it is based on wider literature to support the claims being made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to expose and dispel some outdated dilemmas and straw men that have drawn attention away from debates of substance in social work. The paper presents what Frontline believes to be the substantive dilemmas facing the social work profession, as it looks into the future.Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on the insights and experiences of the past four years during which Frontline has been innovating in the field of social work education and leadership development.Findings Building a better social work system requires addressing several important questions, namely, whether social work; first, is a practical or intellectual task; second, is a generic or specialist profession; third, focuses on social or therapeutic change; fourth, requires bureaucrats or change agents; and fifth, involves measuring inspections or measuring outcomes.Originality/value The paper sets out the key dilemmas facing the social work profession, which must be debated and addressed in order to build a better social work system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers recent patterns of departmental change in the management of Geography in UK universities. It notes the increasingly multidisciplinary management of Geography since the mid-1990s. Various measures of this trend are explored and discussed. The paper also considers the problematic accommodation of Geography within the faculty structures of institutions. These findings speak of a problematic identity for the discipline within this institutional context. The paper goes on to consider some of the impacts of these trends for the practice of Geography in UK higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Koskela and Howell (2002) suggest that the traditional methods of educating project managers are becoming outdated. In order to respond to this, universities need to adapt the way that project management skills are taught in order to produce graduates with the necessary skills to work within the modern project management industries, in cross-functional inter-professional teams. This paper explores the concept of utilising an integrated approach to project management and supply chain management education within a UK University Business School, in order to develop the project managers of tomorrow with the skills needed to gain employment in an increasingly complex field. Both graduates and employers rank skills which are common to both project and supply chain management highly, such as procurement, quality and risk management (McArdle K., Gunning J.G., and Spillane J.G., 2012) highlighting the need to train these two related professions in an integrated manner. Corsini et al (2000) suggest that the traditional silo approach to education most commonly adopted in universities is producing graduates which are technically competent but do not have the knowledge or expertise to work within cross functional teams. As this is a fundamental part of the Project Manager role, this paper presents the rationale and developments on integrating two large modules at a UK University Business School with the aim of providing students with knowledge and skills which are more appropriate for work within cross-functional, inter-professional teams. The innovative use of an integrated assessment across these modules will provide students the opportunity to work and reflect on a real project, as well as exposure to taught sessions to ground the underpinning concepts that link the specialisms of project and supply chain management together. Challenging established methods of assessment will allow these two innovative modules to better prepare students for inter-professional working as well as developing many of the key soft skills needed to be a successful project manager. This paper will discuss the issues and challenges with adopting such educational methodology, and will be of interest to all within the project management training sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the relationship between flexibility in spatial governance partnerships and their legitimacy. While partnerships have become increasingly prevalent, questions have been raised about their accountability or ‘input’ legitimacy. However, recent research highlights how multiple norms of legitimacy exist and how flexible delivery of aspired outcomes may confer ‘output’ legitimacy to governance processes. This paper explores these issues through examining the delivery of a major urban extension at the edge of Cambridge City, in the East of England. It makes the case that a particular dimension of flexibility, namely flexibility in resource deployment, has been crucial to delivering outcomes underpinned by the shared vision of sustainable communities. This suggests that future research on partnerships could benefit from a more refined analysis of the different ways in which flexibility is exercised and how these may enhance or detract from the legitimacy of partnership arrangements. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper draws on UK data from an international, comparative project involving eight countries. The study examined how social workers' conceptions and definitions of family impact on the way they engage with complex families, and how social policies that frame social work context impact on the way social workers engage with families. Focus groups were held in which social workers from four service areas (child welfare, addictions, mental health and migration) were asked to discuss a case vignette. Several factors were embedded in the vignette to represent a realistic situation a social worker may come across in their day-to-day work. Social workers clearly identified the complexity of the family's situation in terms of the range of issues identified and candidate 'causes'. However, typical first responses were institutional, looking for triggers that would signify certainty about their, or other agencies' involvement. This resulted in a complicated story, through which the family was disaggregated into individual problem-service categories. This paper argues that understanding these processes and their consequences is critical for exploring the ways in which we might develop alternative, supportive professional responses with families with complex needs. It also demonstrates how organisational systems manifest themselves in everyday reasoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides an exploration of whistleblowing as a protracted process, using secondary data from 868 cases from a whistleblower advice line in the UK. Previous research on whistleblowing has mainly studied this phenomenon as a one-off decision by someone perceiving wrongdoing within an organisation to raise a concern or to remain silent. Earlier suggestions that whistleblowing is a process and that people find themselves inadvertently turned into whistleblowers by management responses, have not been followed up by a systematic study tracking the path of how a concern is repeatedly raised by whistleblowers. This paper provides a quantitative exploration of whistleblowing as a protracted process, rather than a one-off decision. Our research finds that the whistleblowing process generally entails two or even three internal attempts to raise a concern before an external attempt is made, if it is made at all. We also find that it is necessary to distinguish further between different internal (e.g. line manager, higher management, specialist channels) as well as external whistleblowing recipients (e.g. regulators, professional bodies, journalists). Our findings suggest that whistleblowing is a protracted process and that this process is internally more protracted than previously documented. The overall pattern is that whistleblowers tend to search for a more independent recipient at each successive attempt to raise their concern. Formal whistleblower power seems to determine which of the available recipients are perceived as viable and also what the initial responses are in terms of retaliation and effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the challenge to organisations seeking to address institutional racism. It is argued that racism is systemic in its historical roots, anchored in racialising discourses, bolstered and fused by the ideology of Whiteness. It describes an approach to organisational consultancy, where the consultant can facilitate change in organisations by adopting an anti‐racism stance and approach which disrupts Whiteness and engages the organisation in anti‐racism praxis, towards dismantling institutionalised racism. Ways in which this process can be facilitated are outlined, as part of the change process towards institutionalising anti‐racism praxis. Practitioner pointsWhat is already known about this topicRacism is historically scaffolded by Whiteness, and it is institutionalised in every aspect of organisations, including in policies, structures and practices.Whiteness is reproduced, including in the theories, models and practices of systemic psychotherapy, our training institutions and services.Scrutinising and disrupting Whiteness in systems in which we work, and in organisations we consult to, is essential to anti‐racism praxis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the suggestion from several meta-analyses that nest predation is not limiting songbird populations, responses to experimental removal of nest predators, such as corvids, have varied. The impact of nest predation by corvids on songbird populations is unclear. One potential explanation for this disparity is that susceptibility could vary according to the nesting biology of a species. To investigate this hypothesis, we conducted a review of studies detailing nest predation on UK songbirds and extracted the reported rates of nest predation from 80 papers which attempted to identify the predators responsible. We found that corvids were significant predators of songbird nests (24% of nest predation was attributed to corvids). However, species that construct open nests, and whose breeding season overlaps considerably with the breeding season of magpie and jay, incurred the highest rate of nest predation by corvids specifically (different factors predicted predation by non-corvid predators). We then used attributes of nesting biology to predict predation rates for UK breeding species for which we found no empirical data (n = 31). Although, in most cases cited in the literature songbird populations are unaffected by changes in corvid numbers, there are some cases in which species we predicted to be more susceptible to corvid predation responded to changes in corvid numbers. However, an understanding of how of other predators and other non-predation-related factors limit both songbird breeding success and songbird population numbers is necessary in any conservation management of songbird populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a rich off-site construction (OSC) experience accumulated over the last two centuries, the United Kingdom (UK) is looking up to OSC to deliver its critical infrastructure projects in the next decade. Highway projects are good fits for OSC with their project characteristics. However, the extant OSC literature for highways is mostly about OSC elements' design performance. Also, the OSC literature is predominantly building sector focused. Addressing this gap, the paper presents the findings of a research project, sponsored by the UK's National Highways, which aims at understanding what needs to be done to improve the current OSC condition for highways projects in the UK from a management, technical and technological perspective. After a detailed literature review, 20 in-depth interviews with subject experts were conducted. The initial findings were validated through five highways projects as cases and then ranked by two focus groups using the Delphi method. Alongside revealing the current OSC condition, 95 suggestions (43 management-related, 23 technical opportunities, and 29 technology-related) were elicited and ranked by their impact potential. Some of the high-potential suggestions are developing a collaborative OSC decision making framework, a product design mindset, improving OSC digital product libraries, creating mobile OSC factories, and a design options repository. The findings revealed that many OSC challenges identified in the general or building sector focused OSC discussions exist also in the highways sector. It is recommended that the identified high and medium impact potential suggestions are prioritized by practitioners and policy makers to improve the current OSC condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper takes an overview of the history of both the funding and the assessment of research within Business Schools in the wider context of social science research which examines the practice of management. Design/methodology/approach- Historical archives and current statistical data are both considered in the context of various writings on the nature of management and business school research. Findings - Many of the issues are deep seated but overall it is particularly important to emphasise the importance of "translation" in both engagement and interaction and also better links through intermediaries. Originality/value - The paper adds to the on-going debate about the relevance of management research as well as the role of business school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - In recent years, the role and value of management research is being increasingly challenged because of the perceived imbalance between its rigour and relevance. The purpose of this paper is to review the progress of management research in the UK and focuses particularly on the need for sensible evaluation of the impact of management research. Design/methodology/approach - The paper outlines the research challenges faced by business schools from a UK perspective. It draws upon the author's experiences and the results of an analytic study of Economic and Social Research Council-sponsored research undertaken by the author in 2008. Findings - There is a perception that management as a discipline, and its resulting research profile, may be more difficult to evaluate than its social science sub-disciplines such as economics, psychology, and sociology. In some instances, management research is perceived as of lower quality and capacity shortages of high-quality management research scholars have also been identified. The dominant research challenges are both to successfully design practice-informed management scholarship and to carefully address the dissemination of results in order to influence the impact of management research on practice. Originality/value - The paper suggests that an increasing focus on practice and cross-cutting. inter-disciplinary topics, such as climate charge or the role of finance in society, should form a significant element of the research agendas of business schools. In any event, it is argued that cutting-edge research should be the overarching aim of business schools in a knowledge society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the dynamic global interconnectedness of the migration of physicians from one country, Nigeria, to the UK and the USA. In particular, it seeks to demonstrate how the macro policies on the management of diversity may provide the conditions for migration. In doing so it provides insight into the nature of diversity management policies in a less developed country and their interrelationship with the destination country. This provides an important contrast to studies that concentrate on transnationals' policies or solely on the destination countries for migrant labour. The methodology draws on a range of studies, including the author's own to understand the complexity of global diversity in the case of medical personnel and to draw on unpublished data on Nigerian doctors perceptions of employment in Britain. The paper argues that an analysis focusing on global labour provides a different perspective to one that seeks a conventional global diversity management approach which leans to the prescriptive and focuses on narrow organisational concerns. Bringing global labour into the global diversity management frame provides a perspective that enables an understanding of the triadic relationships that inevitably shape migration and the identification process. The pull to take up posts in the UK and the USA for Nigerian doctors is confirmed by better pay and conditions than they find in Nigeria. However, once acclimatised to their new country of work, it soon becomes clear to Nigerian doctors that they are disadvantaged vis à vis their UK or USA qualified counterparts. In Nigeria the issue of ethnicity is to the fore whereas in the UK at least, it seems that not only are race and ethnicity important but also country of qualification is a major determining factor of where doctors will work, what will be their specialties and their relative disadvantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the implementation of a process-based management system within a service organisation that has recently achieved certification of its quality management system to the ISO 9001:2000 requirements. Many academics and business people alike consider process-based management as a fundamental requirement of certification to ISO 9001:2000 quality management systems. Hence, this paper discusses the definition of a process-based management system and also considers, through a literature review, theories relating to the topic. Consequently, a theoretical model is proposed that outlines the factors affecting successful implementation of a process-based management system. The paper demonstrates that the theoretical model has been assessed within a UK housing association enterprise case study organisation. The case study organisation presented in this paper, shows the potential barriers of implementation of a process-based management system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]