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Copyright of Revue Francaise d'Allergologie is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Between July and November 2005, 919 cattle from migratory herds destined for slaughter in Sarh (Chad) were examined antemortem and postmortem to identify animals suspected of bovine tuberculosis (BT). The animals belonged to two main local breeds, Arab (639) and Mbororo (280), comprised 595 females and 324 males, aged 1 to 11 years, and were divided into four age groups. Antemortem clinical examination and single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) tests were performed. The postmortem diagnosis (PMD) consisted in the inspection at the slaughterhouse and microscopy for the detection of acid-fast bacilli (AFB). SICCT revealed 95 positive reactors (10.3%) and 102 doubtful results (11%). Furthermore, 109 carcasses (offal) were suspected of tuberculosis and the lesions collected, processed and stained with Ziehl- Neelsen, contained AFB in 47.7% cases only. SICCT and PMD both showed susceptibility to BT of the Mbororo breed as well as of animals aged 4 to 9 years. Despite the discrepancy between the two diagnosis methods, the combined results served to identify 130 cases in the sample tested, of which half were aged 7 to 9 years.

The study was carried out in 36 dairy cattle herds in 19 test sites, located in the suburban area of Bamako District. In total, 1087 animals were tested for tuberculosis by the comparative intradermal reaction test, and among them 202 (18.58%) were found positive. The herd prevalence rate was estimated at 94.44% (34 herds positive by the intradermal reaction test out of 36 tested). Results showed that in the visited herds the positive individual comparative intradermal prevalence varied according to the age and breed of the animals tested: it was higher in adults over 10 years old (44.18%), in imported cattle breeds, and in crossbreds (22.42%).

Copyright of Revue Francaise d'Allergologie is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Francaise d'Allergologie is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Immediate-reading skin tests (pricks and intradermal tests) are indicated in patients reporting symtoms suggesting immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions. The diagnostic and/or predictive value of these tests is good with betalactams, latex and myorelaxants, and several other substances such as corticosteroids, dyes, antiseptics, vaccines, etc. Non irritant concentrations have been determined for several substances (betalactams, myorelaxants, etc.), but are unknown for numerous other substances. For other substances, non irritant concentrations in skin tests should be evaluated in control patients, in parralel with skin tests performed in patients. The diagnostic value of nonimmediate-reading skin tests is highly variable, and depends on the drug and the nature of the symptoms. Although the sensitivity and the specificity of nonimmediate-reading skin tests are not perfect, these tests are useful in the diagnosis of mild to moderately severe toxidermias, such as nonimmediate urticarias and angio-oedemas, fixed drug eruptions, maculopapular rashes, and acute generalized exanthematic pustulosis. In contrast, their diagnostic value is low in potentially severe toxidermias. The diagnostic value of responses in intradermal tests is usually higher than in patch-tests. However, patch-tests may be positive in few patients with negative intradermal tests. Ideally, skin tests should be performed between 6 weeks and 1 to 2 years after the clinical reaction. However, most nonimmediate drug sensitizations can be diagnosed several years later. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]