Search

Copyright of International Anatolian Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Uluslararasi Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gelişen ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde hayvancılık yetiştiriciliği küçük aile işletmeciliğinden ziyade daha fazla kapasiteyle yetiştiricilik yapılan ticari işletmelerde gerçekleştirilmektedir. Marmara bölgesinde hayvansal kaynaklı besinlerin talebi karşılayabilmesi için daha çok yoğun üretim yapılan entansif işletmelerde yetiştiricilik yapılmaktadır. Ancak işletmelerde kontrolsüz atık yönetimi, ortaya çıkan büyük miktardaki gübrenin doğru ve etkin kullanılamaması ekosistemde bozulmalara neden olarak çevre kirliliğine ve doğal kaynak deformasyonuna neden olur. Ayrıca insan sağlığını da dolaylı olarak olumsuz etkilemektedir. Tarımsal kaynaklı kirliliğin tespiti ve önlenmesi zor ve zaman alıcı olduğu için en etkili yöntem kirlilik oluşmadan tedbirlerin kaynağında alınmasıdır. Yapılan çalışmanın sonucuna göre; Marmara bölgesinin son on yıllık hayvansal kaynaklı gübreden oluşan kirlilik yükü 25497,5 ton’dur. Bunun %90,6’sı azot kirliliğinden kaynaklanırken % 9,4’üne ise fosfor kirleticisi neden olmuştur. Azot ve fosfor kirliliğine en fazla katkı yapan şehir Balıkesir olurken en az kirlilik Yalova’da oluşmuştur. Kirlilik yükü hayvan sayısıyla doğru orantılı olarak seyir göstermiştir. Büyükbaş hayvanların yayılı kirliliğe en fazla neden olan hayvan türü olduğu ortaya konulurken azot kirliliğine en az kümes hayvanı, fosfor kirliliğine ise en az küçükbaş hayvan neden olmuştur.

In developed and developing countries, livestock breeding is carried out in commercial enterprises with higher capacity rather than small family farms. In the Marmara region, they are grown in intensive enterprises where intensive production is carried out to supply the demand for animal-derived foods. However, uncontrolled waste management in enterprises and failure to use large amounts of manure correctly and effectively cause disruptions in the ecosystem, resulting in environmental pollution and natural resource degradation. It also negatively affects human health indirectly. Detecting and preventing agricultural pollution is difficult and time-consuming. The most effective method is to take precautions at the source before pollution occurs. According to this study, the pollution load from livestock manure in the Marmara region in the last ten years was 25497,5 tonnes. While 90,6% of this was caused by nitrogen pollution, 9,4% was caused by phosphorus pollution. Balıkesir was the city with the highest contribution to nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, while Yalova had the lowest contribution. Pollution was directly proportional to livestock population. Cattle were found to be the most diffuse polluters, poultry the least nitrogen polluters and small ruminants the least phosphorus polluters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Emerging Economies & Policy is the property of JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies & Policy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents the results of a preliminary survey of the spiders of Marmara region and provides new data on the spider fauna of Türkiye. During the study, spider samples were collected by hand aspirator and pitfall traps. As a result, Heliophanus apiatus Simon, 1868 (Salticidae) is recorded for the first time from Türkiye. Also, occurrence of Amaurobius pallidus L. Koch, 1868 (Amaurobiidae) is confirmed with this study. Additionally, the record of H. apiatus from Marmara region represents the easternmost point of its distribution range. A morphological diagnosis, comparative pictures, and illustrations are provided for both species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The endophytic fungi present in needles of Pinus sylvestris, Pinus pinaster, Pinus nigra, Pinus taeda and Pinus radiata were investigated in Kerpe Research Forest, İzmit in 2016. Ten trees of each pine species were sampled systematically. Previous years green needles were sampled from the lower part of the canopy, from two equally spaced positions around the tree. Each needle was surface sterilized and cut into 0.5 cm sections then individually placed onto malt extract agar plates. DNA was ex-tracted from reprensentative seven isolates and amplified using primers ITS1 and ITS4 targeting the nuclear 5.8S rDNA gene and the two ITS regions flanked between 18S and 28S rDNA genes. Amplicons sequenced in both directions using the univer-sal fungal primers ITS1 and ITS4. Isolations from a total of 1000 needles (200 from each pine species) yielded 750 fungal isolates. Pestalotiopsis funerea (Desm.) Steyaert was isolated at the highest frequency followed by Acremonium sp., Cladio-sporum sp. and Cyclaneusma minus.

Copyright of Anatolia / Anadolu is the property of Ankara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SDU Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design / Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi is the property of Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dokuz Eylul University Muhendislik Faculty of Engineering Journal of Science & Engineering / Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi is the property of Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Muhendislik Fakultesi Fen ve Muhendislik Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Social Sciences is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bu calisma ile, hem Avrupa hem de Asya kitalarinin etkisinde kalan Istanbul ilinin ic su balik faunasinin belirlenmesi amaclanmistir. Balik orneklemesi lotik ve lentik biyotoplardaki 136 farkli lokalitede DC Elektrosoker ve sade ag kullanilarak gerceklestirilmistir. Calisma sonucunda, Atherinidae, Centrarchidae, Clupeidae, Cobitidae, Cyprinidae, Esocidae, Gasterosteidae, Gobiidae, Percidae, Poecilidae, Salmonidae ve Syngnathidae olmak uzere 12 familyaya ait toplam 38 takson tespit edilmistir. Calisma alaninda, 20 takson ile Cyprinidae en fazla tur cesitliligine sahip iken, Atherinidae, Centrarchidae, Clupeidae, Esocidae, Gasterosteidae, Poecilidae, Salmonidae ve Syngnathidae familyalari birer tur ile temsil edilmistir. En yaygin rastlanan turler Cyprinidae familyasindan Petroleuciscus borysthenicus (Kessler, 1859), Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782) ve Gobio kovatschevi Chichkoff 1937’dir. Bu calismayla Istanbul balik faunasi icin Cobitis strumicae Karaman, 1955, Alburnoides kosswigi Turan, Kaya, Baycelebi, Bektas & Ekmekci, 2017 ve Salmo coruhensis Turan, Kottelat & Engin, 2010 turleri ilk defa bildirilmektedir. Elde edilemeyen 4 turle birlikte Istanbul’da yasayan ic su baligi turu sayisi 42 olmustur.

In this research, it is aimed to determine the complaints of the tourists about the hotels and to evaluate the related complaints in certain categories. In this context, it has been identified and categorized the complaints of the tourists about the four and five star accommodation businesses located in the provinces (İstanbul, Kocaeli, Sakarya, Bursa, Balıkesir, Çanakkale, Yalova, Kırklareli, Edirne, Tekirdağ and Bilecik) in the Marmara Region which is one of the important tourism destinations of Turkey through the “şikayetvar.com” website. A list of the four-star (226 businesses) and five-star (161 businesses) accommodation businesses which are actively operating has been prepared by using the web pages of the cultural and tourism directorates of the relevant provinces and by communicating by phone. As a result of the analyzes, a total of 1.015 complaints have been identified about 385 of 387 four and five star hotels operating in the Marmara Region. The total number of views of the related complaints was 1.619.851 and the average display of a complaint was 1.596. The number of responds to the complaints by the accommodation businesses was 4. The complaints of the tourists were mostly related to the price policies (292 complaints), staff (255 complaints) and service quality (224 complaints) of accommodation businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural flavor compounds give natural taste and odor characteristics to the food ingredients. According to food pairing theory, ingredients that contain higher number of shared flavor compounds go well together in a dish. In this study, flavor network analysis was used to create a new food in Marmara Region by evaluating the ingredient pairs based on number of shared compounds. A new dessert with four main ingredients, rice, milk, bean and figs that shared higher number of flavor compounds was formulated. Among the flavour compounds, eight of them were common in all four ingredients and they interestingly had similar taste and odor characteristics which showed how flavor pairing worked well in design of new dish. According to 9-point hedonic scale of consumer preference test, 80% of 20 panelists extremely liked the dish. Knowledge on flavour science and food pairing theory will pave the way to create highly preferable food formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent mega-scale urban interventions in and around Istanbul revealed new questions and concerns about the environmental sustainability of the city. This study argues that the metropolitan scale, frequently used by decision makers in describing ecological problems triggered by mega-projects in and around Istanbul, is insufficient. In this article, instead of the metropolitan scale that solely focuses on Istanbul and its close surrounding, the ecological changes triggered by the urban development of Istanbul, will be evaluated at the regional scale. The ecological transformation of the Marmara Region will be examined by evaluating the distribution of the land cover types in the region for the years of 1990, 2000 and 2006 via Geographical Information Systems. The article will begin with a theoretical framework that compares the terms “metropolitan area” and “region”, which will then be engaged by the mega-scale urban interventions in and around Istanbul. The land cover data obtained from the Ministry of Forestry and Water Management will firstly be evaluated in Multiple Correspondence Analysis and then will be remapped in Geographic Information Systems. The obtained maps will be used to decipher the changes in agricultural land and forest areas in the Marmara region between 1990 and 2006. The changes monitored in different land cover layers will enable a detailed assessment of the ecological transformation caused by the rapid urbanization dynamics triggered by mega-projects in and around Istanbul, and thus deeper manifestations of contemporary urbanization dynamics beyond the built environment in the Marmara Region will be deciphered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to determine bacterial, parasitological and viral agents of diarrhea in lamb and goat kid in Marmara Region of Turkey. The material of this study was consisted of 88 lambs and 26 kids which were younger than 6 months old. A total of 26 Escherchia coli (22.8%), 27 Eimeria spp. (23.7%), 11 Cryptosporidium spp. (9.6%) and 6 Clostridium perfringens (5.3%) were identified from samples. In addition Rotavirus and Pestivirus were detected in 3, 4 of 114 of samples respectively. It was concluded that determining the most common agents that cause diarrhea in young small ruminants in Marmara Region may contribute to therapeutic approaches and prophylactic medicine procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mondros Mütarekesi’nin imza edilmesiyle birlikte, Mütareke hükümlerine dayanarak İtilaf Devletleri Anadolu’yu işgale başlamışlardır. Mütareke ile birlikte ülkede asayişgiderek bozulmuştur. Asayişin bozuk olmasınedeniyle de ülke genelinde özellikle de Marmara Bölgesi’nde çete hareketlerinin önü açılmış, Rum ve Ermeni çetelerinin Müslüman-Türk tebaaya yaptıklarımezalim dayanılmaz bir hal almıştır. Rum çeteleri “Megali İdea” etrafında siyasî emeller peşinde koşmuşlar ve İstanbul merkezli bir Bizans-Yunan İmparatorluğu’nun oluşmasıiçin büyük çaba göstermişlerdir. Bu hedefleri doğrultusunda Ermeni çeteleri ile de işbirliği içerisinde olmuşlardır. Gerek İngilizler gerekse de Patrikhane ile Yunanlılar Rum ve Ermeni çetelerinin kurulması, silah ve cephane ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasıhususlarında azamî destek sağlamışlardır. Rum ve Ermeni çeteleri Marmara Bölgesi’nde Müslüman-Türk köylerini basmışlar, halkın para ve değerli eşyalarınıgasp etmişler, evleri yakıp yıkmışlardır. Yine, birçok Müslümanıkatletmişler, pek çok kadın ve kıza da tecavüz etmişlerdir. Rum ve Ermeni çetelerinin zulümleri neticesinde bölgede yaşayan halk, Karakol Cemiyeti ve Trakya-Paşaeli Cemiyeti gibi teşkilatların teşvikleri ve yardımlarıyla millî milis kuvvetleri oluşturmak suretiyle Rum ve Ermeni çetelerinin zulümlerinden korunmaya çalışmışlardır. Oluşturulan milis kuvvetleri bölge halkınıRum ve Ermeni çetelerinden korumuş, birçok Rum ve Ermeni çetesinin de imhasına muvaffak olmuştur. Bu milis kuvvet ve müfrezeleri, düşman silah depolarına yaptıklarıbaskınlardan elde ettikleri silahlarıAnadolu’ya göndermek suretiyle Anadolu’da yürütülen Kuvâ-yıMilliye Hareketi’ne önemli oranda destek vermişlerdir. Yine bu milis kuvvet ve müfrezeleri Anadolu’ya girişve çıkışların kontrol altında tutulmasıve Kuvâ-yıMilliye Hareketi’ne katılacak olan subay ve gönüllülerin güvenli bir şekilde Anadolu’ya geçişlerinin sağlanabilmesi noktasında da büyük hizmetler yapmışlardır. Bu milis kuvvet ve müfrezeleri, çalışmalarıboyunca Kuvâ-yıMilliye, daha sonrasında da Ankara Hükümeti ile sıkıilişkiler içerisinde olmuşlardır. Zaten bu milis kuvvet ve müfrezelerinin bir kısmıKuvâ-yıMilliye Hareketi’nin çabasıyla oluşturulmuştur. Milis kuvvet ve müfrezeleri, Marmara Bölgesi’nde Rum ve Ermeni çetelerine ve işgal kuvvetlerine karşıkararlıbir mücadele sergilemiş, Millî Mücadele’nin başarıya ulaşmasına önemli katkısağlamışlardır.

Durch die rasante zunahme der weltbevölkerung werden recourcen, vor allem aber nahrungsmittel und sauberes wasser knapp. Diese probleme führen dazu, dass vor allem im Agrar - Bereich, forscher in verschiedenen disziplinen sowie regierungen um lösungen bemüht sind. Unter den alternativen nahm die bedeutung der gewächshausaufzucht sowie aufzucht ohne erde in den letzten jahren, auch in unserem land bemerkenswert zu. Wir haben versucht, dieses thema, mit dem sich in der regel forscher in den Agrar Fakultäten befassen, innerhalb der Agrargeographie aufzugreifen und eine wirtschaftliche sowie räumliche analyse durchzuführen. Am ende unserer forschungen haben wir versucht, im Marmara - Gebiet, das unser arbeitsgebiet ist, festzustellen, wo sich die gewächshausaufzucht befindet und welche entwicklungsmöglichkeiten noch gegeben sind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Durch die rasante zunahme der weltbevölkerung werden recourcen, vor allem aber nahrungsmittel und sauberes wasser knapp. Diese probleme führen dazu, dass vor allem im Agrar - Bereich, forscher in verschiedenen disziplinen sowie regierungen um lösungen bemüht sind. Unter den alternativen nahm die bedeutung der gewächshausaufzucht sowie aufzucht ohne erde in den letzten jahren, auch in unserem land bemerkenswert zu. Wir haben versucht, dieses thema, mit dem sich in der regel forscher in den Agrar Fakultäten befassen, innerhalb der Agrargeographie aufzugreifen und eine wirtschaftliche sowie räumliche analyse durchzuführen. Am ende unserer forschungen haben wir versucht, im Marmara - Gebiet, das unser arbeitsgebiet ist, festzustellen, wo sich die gewächshausaufzucht befindet und welche entwicklungsmöglichkeiten noch gegeben sind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The seismic anisotropy contains information regarding the fabrics and deformation of deeper parts of the earth (Babuska etal., 1998). In an anisotropic medium, one component of a shear wave travels faster than the orthogonal component. The difference in speed causes the waves to separate; this phenomenon is called shear wave splitting (Savage, 1999).SKS splitting analysis is one of the most widely used methods to determine anisotropy (Silver and Chan, 1991). SKS splitting parameters; fast polarization direction (φ) and delay time (δt), provide information about the dominant flow direction and thicknessof the anisotropic layer. The study of anisotropy can shed light to the complex tectonic structure (or strain pattern) of the area when evaluated together with whole tectonic and GPS data. In the areas of recent convergence the fast direction of anisotropy generally aligns in the direction of the plate boundary (Vinnik etal., 1992). This correlation suggests that the shortening is the same in the crust and the upper-mantle. In the regions of rifting, direction of mantle flow generally aligns parallel to the extension in the crust. In the stable regions it is likely that combined effect of frozen anisotropy in the lithosphere and recent anisotropy in the asthenosphereare observed.The tectonic regime of Turkey is dominated by different plate motions. The collision of Eurasia and Arabia in the Zagros region is the driving force of west-ward tectonic escape towards the Aegean between a rigid boundary on the north, oceanic crust in the Black Sea and a weak boundary on the south, Aegean subduction zone (Şengör etal., 1985). The escape is mainly along the North and East Anatolian strike-slip faults. The fast shear wave polarization direction obtained from SKS splitting studies can be correlated with the absolute motion of the plates and the study of anisotropy can light up the complex tectonicstructure (or strain pattern) of the area. In this study, seismic anisotropic structure of the upper-mantle beneath İstanbul (ISK) broad-band station (KRDAE-NEMC), Marmara Region, is investigated by using SKS splitting analysis. Fifteen earthquakes with magnitude greater than 5.0 occurred at epicentral distances between the range of 85° and 120° are selected based on the criteria of existing of clear SKS phases on the records. Splitting correction method of Silver and Chan (1991) can be used for obtaining SKS splitting parameters (φ, δt). In this method, analysis window is chosen manually. But calculated parameters are sensitive to the manually selected shear-wave analysis window. Therefore, we used an automated shear wave analysis code (Teanby etal., 2004) to analyse the data. In this code, the analyse window is selected automatically by performing a grid search over different windows to find stable splitting measurements with small error. … [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal is the property of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)