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Une étude sur la filière laitière dans la wilaya de Skikda (Algérie) a permis d’analyser la saisonnalité de la production laitière chez 157 exploitations bovines et les implications relatives à la collecte de lait par l’industrie. Les enquêtes ont porté sur les deux systèmes de production (avec terre et hors-sol) en 2016 et 2017 pour évaluer l’importance des contributions des systèmes d’exploitation dans l’approvisionnement des laiteries. Une première analyse en composantes principales a mis en évidence quatre profils de livraison. Une deuxième analyse effectuée sur les vêlages observés dans les troupeaux des exploitations montre une certaine concordance entre la saisonnalité des livraisons de lait et la répartition des vêlages des troupeaux. L’étude a aussi abordé les notions de territoires et de distances parcourues pour les livraisons du lait aux laiteries. Certaines exploitations livraient leur lait à deux laiteries implantées à Skikda qui avaient aussi recours à un approvisionnement en poudre de lait à des prix subventionnés. D’autres livraient leur lait à des centres de collecte de lait implantés dans le bassin laitier et appartenant à deux laiteries industrielles localisées à plus de 250 kilomètres en moyenne dans la wilaya de Bejaia. Ces dernières s’approvisionnaient aussi en poudre de lait mais aux prix libres sur le marché. Elles mettaient en oeuvre des dispositifs d’appui aux éleveurs qui permettaient de diversifier leur approvisionnement afin de lisser les quantités collectées et de compenser la saisonnalité individuelle des fermes. Des dispositifs de concertations pourraient permettre à ces industriels d’accompagner les éleveurs dans des stratégies plus explicites de dé-saisonnement de la production.

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Copyright of El-Bahith is the property of University of Kasdi Merbah Ouargla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the dairy industry, bacterial contaminants persist on equipment surfaces due to spore and biofilm formation. These are involved in cross-contamination problems that affect the quality of processed products and limit their life. The pasteurization process, in which milk is submitted to moderate heat treatment, is inefficient against bacterial spores. The most prevalent sporulated bacteria belong to Bacillus and related genera. The situation is more complicated in countries where pasteurized milk is derived from imported milk powder originally contaminated by bacterial spores. Studies have shown biofilm formation on dairy equipment by mesophilic strains from the group Bacillus cereus and thermophilic strains from the genus Geobacillus. These biofilms are resistant to cleaning procedures and are sources of chronic contamination of pasteurized milk. This review analyzes the dairy situation in Algeria exposed to sporulated flora and derived biofilm problems, with the aim of proposing efficient solutions in the light of current knowledge. [Journal translation] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the beginning of the 1990s, Peruvian milk production has increased greatly. The development of dairy supply chains is linked to the growth of a market protected from importations, and which is expanding because of urban population growth and improvements of the road network. It concerns both small dairy producers and the industrial dairy subsector, which are connected by interdependent and balance of power relations all along the chain. Dairy farmers were surveyed from a technical and economic angle in various regions. Results show that this dairy development brings about major income inequalities among producer types, reflecting an unequal access to resources. Statistical data in the literature and interviews of actors of the Peruvian dairy chains allow to assess the stakes and limits of quality approaches in the small producers’ chain faced with industries. Finally, the article questions the impact of free-trade agreements in which Peru is involved with regard to the domestic dairy subsector, and concludes with political proposals to accompany dairy development.

Copyright of Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Societe et Environnement is the property of Les Presses Agronomiques de Gembloux and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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