Search

Introduction: Bone metastases are a fairly common complication of cancers such as breast, prostate, or lung cancer, these sites are also the most common sources of bone metastases, to which it also joins others such as thyroid and kidney cancer. With advances in the management of both solid tumors and their bone metastases, an improvement in patients' quality of life has also been achieved, however, patients with bone metastases have a deterioration in quality of life under the impact of certain factors that occur during the course of the disease. Purpose: This literature review aims to highlight the main factors involved in affecting the quality of life of oncological patients with bone metastases by processing data from the most relevant publications, as well as establishing unexplored areas and issues in previous research. Materials and methods: PubMed, Google Search Engine (Google Academic), Frontiers, SpringerLink, ResearchGate, BMC Cancer, Elsevier were used to identify relevant publications. The criteria for the inclusion and exclusion of publications have been established. After identifying all studies by searching the databases, they were included in the PRISMA diagram. Of the 127 studies identified, 21 were included in the literature review. Discussion: Of the quality-of-life assessment tools in patients with bone metastases, the QLQ-C30 questionnaire was found to be most commonly used in the studies, to which is added the additional questionnaire QLQ-BM22, prepared to complete the evaluation. Among the determinants identified in the studies as having an impact on quality of life were: gender, performance status and primary tumor histology. Other factors with significant impact were: age, level of education and employment status. Psychological symptoms such as helplessness, depression and anxiety were also common. These problems have interfered with the relationships and social activities of patients. Conclusions: The studies included in the literature review provide an overview of the many important factors involved in affecting the quality of life of oncological patients with bone metastases, including, as well as the presentation of less studied aspects that might have interference with the quality of life of these patients. Also, this literature review provides landmarks to new unexplored directions in order to identify new factors that impact the quality of life of patients with bone metastases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Nowadays, improving the productivity of libraries is very important for their survival, development and progress. It is of particular value to pay attention to the impact of the organizational citizenship behavior of librarians, which is related to their undefined frank duties and improves the performance of libraries. And it has a special value. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the situation of organizational citizenship behavior of librarians of Astan Quds Razavi in Holy Mashhad and the factors affecting it. Methodology: This research is a combination of sequential explanatory types. The statistical sample of this research is 127 librarians of Astan Quds Razavi libraries in Mashhad, who were selected by multi-stage sampling method from the 200-person population. Quantitative data collection was performed using the Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire. Data were analyzed in both quantitative and qualitative ways. The sample size of the statistical population in the qualitative section was 10 percent of librarians who had obtained a higher average score. In the Quantitative stage, it was set purposefully. A semi-structured interview method was used to collect qualitative data, this data was also analyzed by open, central and selective coding. Findings: Findings in the quantitative part showed that organizational citizenship behavior among librarians of Astan Quds Razavi libraries in Mashhad was above average. Organizational information and organizational loyalty and individual initiatives significantly predicted organizational citizenship behavior. Organizational Participation - Helping behaviors and magnanimity did not play an effective role in predicting organizational citizenship behavior. Also, the findings of the interview in the qualitative section showed that organizational justice-organizational loyalty and organizational support, personality traits, commitment and job satisfaction have been the factors involved in the occurrence of organizational citizenship behavior. If the organization appreciates and values the librarians and their opinions, it will lead to the desirable organizational citizenship behavior of the librarians, which can be classified as organizational support. In other words, it causes the librarians to show a kind of cooperative behavior and share their opinions and suggestions in the organization's programs. Also, perceived organizational support from the librarians' side leads to desirable citizenship behavior in order to fulfill the library's goals. And the increase in organizational support leads to an increase in employee citizenship behavior. Conclusion: So far, no research has been found to quantitatively and qualitatively examine the organizational citizenship behavior of librarians. The findings showed that the factors affecting and involved in the occurrence of organizational citizenship behavior can be exploited in various ways and of course can be specified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Orientación y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)