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Depuis plus de onze ans, chevaux et humains coopèrent dans la ville de Vendargues pour offrir un service original de collecte des déchets et un service inédit de ramassage scolaire. L’étude que nous présentons ici s’inscrit dans une recherche monographique sur le rôle des chevaux dans cette ville. Sur la base d’une ethnographie du travail des chevaux et des humains dans ce service hippomobile, nous cherchons à qualifier les relations de travail. Après avoir exposé le cadre théorique et méthodologique de notre recherche, nous présentons les acteurs humains et chevaux de cette activité. Nous interrogeons l’organisation du travail comme relevant d’un collectif de travail et/ou d’une équipe. Nous proposons finalement de penser la durabilité du service hippomobile de Vendargues comme le résultat de la mise en place de conditions favorisant l’émergence d’un collectif de travail interspécifique.

Copyright of Industrial Relations / Relations Industrielles is the property of Universite Laval, Department of Industrial Relations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims at exploring a case study of a group of teachers of the 2nd Cycle of Basic Education, for pupils aged 10 and 11 according to the Portuguese Education System, who belong to the disciplinary group of Visual and Technological Education. The analysis is twofold: it focuses on the one hand on understanding the changes in the work activity and the constraints that resulted [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé L’objectif de cette étude est d’explorer les liens qu’établissent les professionnels de la santé entre le fonctionnement de leur équipe de travail et le risque d’erreur médicale. Les entretiens menés auprès de services de réanimation (30 sujets) ont mis en évidence plusieurs dimensions : une logique de confiance collective reposant en partie sur la vision partagée d’une rationalité scientifique des techniques et procédures propres à ces services, une importante pratique de transmission des compétences renforçant la cohésion groupale, l’aspect central de l’ambiance de travail, et l’ambivalence de l’influence de l’hétérogénéité des fonctions. Les données recueillies illustrent les différences et complémentarités des soutiens interindividuels et institutionnels et le risque de repli identitaire sur sa fonction professionnelle en cas d’erreur ou de risque d’erreur. La nature des liens qui définissent les équipes de soin participe fondamentalement à la prévention des risques d’erreur et à la gestion des angoisses individuelles et collectives associées. The health workers are daily faced with multiple decisions that depend both on individual skills and professional practices as well as on the collective action taken. When decisions are made under conditions of uncertainty and emergency, as it is often the case in intensive care unit, they become elicitors of stress. The aim of this study was to examine the links that the health workers usually make between their teamwork functioning and the chance for medical errors when vital prognosis is concerned. More especially, we addressed the main topic of medical error focalizing on the health workers’ professional relationships, the way the role played by the team was seen, and the work atmosphere. To this aim, we conducted interviews in two intensive care units with 10 nurses, 10 young and 10 senior doctors who reported having encounter medical error at least on time throughout their career. After transcription, the interview contents were analyzed according to the approach of the interpretative phenomenological method. This qualitative methodology was carried-out in order to identify the discourse's units as well as the core themes. Our findings provided evidence for a team's collective sense of confidence based on the shared view that their procedures stand on scientific and technical rationality, the critical role given to transferable skills for the group cohesion, the core aspect of good atmosphere among workers and the ambivalent influence of heterogeneous functions. Data showed different but complementary interindividual and institutional supports. They also emphasized the risk that health workers fall back on their professional role when they are faced with medical errors. However, results also indicated that the collective dimension of labor relations might promote the knowledge of the reality of the colleagues’ work. As a consequence, teamwork can be a relevant alternative to expert's attitude. Strengthening the links among health workers remains the main way to prevent medical errors and to manage individual and collective distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The signs of School dropout in Physical Education (PE) are beaded or repeated absences often based on statements simulated or not unsuited “exemptions”. These rather feminine absences often benefit from complacency on behalf of adults: parents, school nurses, doctors. As part of a research program, we tried to understand the possible PE dropout prevention characteristics by analyzing the activity of four college teachers for 18 lessons, through direct method tools (observations, semi-structured interviews, informal interviews) and indirect method tools (“instructions to the double”, self-confrontation interviews). The study shows that the activity of the classroom teacher bears similarities with other teachers as regard of dropout prevention. Concerning the management of “PE exemptions” negotiations between students and teachers can be tough and based on joint decisions to all teachers and displayed or taken individually. From there, the forms of dropout prevention in PE appear as a sign of the vitality or lack of vitality of collective labor among PE teachers.

Copyright of Pistes: Perspectives Interdisciplinaires sur le Travail et la Santé is the property of Perspectives Interdisciplinaires sur le Travail et la Sante and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents a study which looks at multigenerational collective work in forestry management. Consideration is given to distributed work and longitudinal cooperative activity. The authors present the context of the study and some of their research questions and discuss their research methodology. Topics mentioned include the characteristics of forestry activity, the organization of the collective work structure, and the role of a forester.

Copyright of Sciences de l'Education pour l'ere Nouvelle is the property of Universite de Caen and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ALTER: European Journal of Disability Research, Journal Europeen de Erche sur le Handicap is the property of European Society for Disability Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociologie du Travail is the property of Association pour le Developpement de la Sociologie du Travail and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)