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The subject of the research is the models of collection and consolidation (pooling) of resources for payment of public (free at the place of delivery) medical care to the population in developed countries and in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to develop practical recommendations on the development of a system for financing medical guarantees for the population of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is due to the lack of resources to pay for public health care for the entire population in our country. The scientific novelty lies in the comparison of single-channel and multichannel pooling models used by developed countries in terms of their financial-economic and medico-social efficiency with the conclusion about a higher level of costs of the multichannel model with a comparable level of coverage with medical services of the population and indicators of its health compared to the model single payer. The research methodology is based on the use of complex, statistical, comparative and retrospective analyzes. It was concluded that the use of a multichannel pooling model in the financing of healthcare in the Russian Federation with the participation of competing insurers and the use of different channels of budgetary financing for different groups of the population is an important reason for the low efficiency of the Russian healthcare system. The prospect of further research is in the formation of a scientific and methodological justification for replacing the multichannel pooling model, which has historically developed in healthcare in Russia, with a single-channel model of a single payer represented by the Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund (hereinafter- CMIF).

The edition humboldt digital is a publication of the project ‘Travelling Humboldt’ by the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Together with its printed supplement the edition humboldt printed, it aims to make the scientific heritage that is relevant to Alexander von Humboldt’s journeys accessible in its entirety based on a digital first approach. Overall, the edition humboldt digital excels in exploiting digital techniques and successfully positions itself at the intersection of sciences and humanities. Therefore, it will be discussed in this review whether it could be considered not only as a scholarly digital edition but also as an information platform on Alexander von Humboldt and his work in general. Additionally, by pursuing an open science strategy, the edition also paves the way for future reuse of its data. Altogether, even though some technical issues remain, the edition humboldt digital can serve as a role model for other digital scholarly editions. As the edition is a work-in-progress project, this review only takes its fourth version into consideration.

Mode Indicator Functions (MIFs) are real-valued frequency-dependent scalars that exhibit local minima or maxima at the modal frequencies of the system. This paper presents an overview of the currently used and some recently developed MIFs, revealing their features and limitations. Eigenvalue or singular value based MIFs use rectangular frequency response function (FRF) matrices calculated in turn at each excitation frequency. Their plots have as many curves as the number of references. Recently developed MIFs do the simultaneous analysis of all FRF information organized in a compound FRF (CFRF) matrix. The left singular vectors or the Q-vectors obtained from the pivoted QLP decomposition of this matrix contain the frequency information and are used to construct MIFs. The number of curves in such a MIF plot is equal to the effective rank of the CFRF matrix. If the number of response coordinates is larger than this rank, a single point excitation can locate even double modes. The condition to use as many input points as the multiplicity of modal frequencies is no more imposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]