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Copyright of IUG Journal of Educational & Psychological Studies is the property of Islamic University of Gaza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Eurasian Education & Culture is the property of Ayse Burcu Ulusoy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BackgroundAptitude tests are widely used for selecting medical students. Although their validity has been well documented, aptitude tests are sometimes suspected to create unequal opportunity for candidate groups with lower socioeconomic status due to limited resources (i.e., time, money, support) for preparatory activities. This study aims to explore how preparatory activities and money spent on preparation affect the results of the German aptitude Test for Medical Studies (TMS).MethodsA standardized questionnaire was administered to all medical school applicants who sat the TMS in 2018. Participants were asked about the amount of time and money spent on different preparatory activities (i.e., information booklet, books, computer, study groups, and fee-based training courses) and their level of motivation during preparation. Univariate and multivariate multiple regressions were used to examine the influence of these variables on the TMS test score and its subtests.ResultsN = 7903 participants completed the questionnaire. Only preparation with books and training courses were significantly associated with an increase in the TMS total score. Self-reported motivation during preparation had a larger effect on test scores than money spent on preparation. However, all effect sizes were rather small. At the subtest level, preparation with books was the only activity which was significantly associated with an improvement in all subtests. The complex field-specific subtests were less associated with preparation than the less complex subtests.ConclusionThe findings indicate that motivation may be a more important predictor for success in the TMS than money spent on preparation. As books were the most effective and cost-efficient way of preparation, financial investments for test preparation do not appear to yield significant advantages, which is an important prerequisite for equal opportunity. Using more field-specific subtests and cost-free online training opportunities could be useful in further improving equal opportunity.

The proper selection and training of simultaneous interpreting candidates would ensure that they meet all essential requirements and are fully prepared to face any professional assignment they might encounter. Aptitude tests for entrance to training courses may be a step on the path to improving interpreting quality and strengthening the professionalisation of the field. As a result, this study aimed to design a comprehensive, custom-made aptitude test for simultaneous interpreting relevant for the South African context. A further aim for this test was for it to be used in practice to differentiate between those students who have the ability to succeed as interpreters and those who do not, in order to ultimately improve the quality of the professional field of interpreting. This aim was accomplished through a qualitative research design. First, a review was conducted on the available literature on interpreter aptitude testing. Further analysis showed that only eight of these tests had been proven to reliably predict aptitude for interpreting. Second, online surveys and in-person, semi-structured interviews were utilised to gather the opinions of interpreter trainers and potential interpreting students. The trainers were asked, among other questions, which cognitive and personality traits they would wish to test for in prospective students. The students were also asked, among other questions, to rate on a Likert scale their confidence in successfully completing the different available aptitude tests. Through this data, it was found that there is a need for aptitude testing for the training of simultaneous interpreting students in South Africa, and that both trainers and students advocated for its use. Moreover, it was possible to determine the most effective aptitude tests from among those that are available and, furthermore, those that would be easy to administer and complete.

Abstract This diploma paper is intended to elucidate why aptitudes are required to accomplish a high performance in interpreting and to support the idea that an aptitude test could be beneficial at FLEX in order to know which students are more likely to become successful interpreters. With the implementation of the new Plan E, which is intended to separate the field of Translation and Interpretation from the field of Linguistics, an efficient test for the assessment of aptitudes in those students who will take the field of Translation and Interpretation could be helpful.

The need to assess and understand students' strengths in choosing their future careers is essential. Aptitude exams like the National Career Assessment Examination (NCAE) and Academic performance via Grades are important data used as the basis for determining student career strength. This study employed descriptive-correlational research, where secondary data were used. The analysis of NCAE results and the academic performance of Grade 10 students were performed in this study. An Independent Sample T-test was also used to determine the significant difference in the two aptitudes/tracks; Technical-Vocational (T.V.) and Academic Track (AT). The study revealed that the majority of the students performed above average and average levels across all domains. Natural Science, Spiritual Vocation, and Science were the students' most preferred careers/occupations. The results also showed a weak positive association between Mathematical Ability and Math performance. However, an insignificant relationship was observed on the two sets of variables; the Science Grade and Scientific Ability scores, and the English Grade and Reading Comprehension and Verbal Ability scores. The study revealed that students have higher AT scores than T.V.; thus, identified as the students' career strength. Evaluation and monitoring program with provisions to motivate students to perform better in the National Standardized Exams is recommended in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Marketing & Menedzsment is the property of University of Pecs and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Information on the student's cognitive abilities can help teachers to identify the strengths or potential of a student to plan a learning strategy. These data are collected through Ujian Aptitud Sekolah Rendah in year six (UASR), where the student's potential can be detected five years earlier before they take their Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM). Unfortunately, these data have not yet used as a criterion in the student's development plan. Therefore, this research has been done to see the strength of the connection between the student's potential in UASR and their results in SPM. Through data visualization, a strong connection between a student's potential in UASR and their succesfullness in SPM can be seen. 71.48% of students in the first cohort that have been proven to house high potential during thier year six in 2011 and 73.63% of the next cohort in 2012 have obtained a good SPM result that they took in 2016 and 2017 respectively. Further analisys using the decision tree technique shows a few other factors for the high potential student success in SPM. A few of them are their results in PT3, their grades in the Maths and Science subjects, academic stream, and the school's achievement for that particular stream for the year before.

Purpose: Workers on offshore wind turbine installations face a variety of physical and psychological challenges. To prevent potentially dangerous situations or incidents, guidelines for the physical aptitude testing of offshore employees in Germany and other European countries have been developed. However, these criteria have not been previously empirically tested for validity. Although an important component of occupational health and safety, such aptitude testing should not lead to the unjustified exclusion of potential employees. Methods: Heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption ( V ˙ O 2 ) measurements of 23 male offshore employees and trainers were taken during typical field activities, within the framework of mandatory training exercises. These were evaluated in relation to the individual maximum values of the subjects, determined by cycle spiroergometry. Results: For the training modules, average HR and V ˙ O 2 values of approximately 40% and 33–48% of the maximum values, respectively, were found. Furthermore, 65% of the participants achieved average HR values that exceeded 30% of their individual heart rate reserve and 45% had V ˙ O 2 values above 35% of their individual V ˙ O 2 , max . Conclusion: Our preliminary results show that offshore work is a form of heavy physical labor, thereby justifying the criteria put forth in the various fitness to work guidelines. We propose that more in-depth investigations should be performed, incorporating task-specific fitness testing as well as higher level aspects of work safety and security, including effective communication skills and teamwork. We also recommend a re-evaluation of the current limits for physical work provided in the literature. The results of such studies could then be applied to other aptitude tests, thereby strengthening the evidence for such measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines whether subject-specific admission tests may allow Swedish higher education institutions to admit better-performing students. The performance of students admitted via a mathematics and physics aptitude test was reviewed with a focus on activity, retention, and credits earned, and the results were compared with students admitted in traditional ways, such as secondary school grade point averages (GPA). The results show that the students admitted in the test quota show a higher activity rate as well as a higher retention rate than most other students, but that they are not as successful as the GPA quota students in acquiring their intended credits. It is concluded that subject-specific admission tests seem to entail higher student motivation and that they therefore may be a valuable instrument to supplement traditional admission instruments. The observed differences in the study have generated a number of hypotheses that would need further study to fully understand the merits of different admission instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Este trabalho teve como objetivo examinar o papel dos fatores determinantes da aprovação em um concurso público. Tendo como amostra dados de um concurso realizado para o Banco Nordeste do Brasil, no qual concorreram 232.308 candidatos, e usando um modelo logit, as principais conclusões encontradas foram que renda familiar, tipo de educação, ser originário de região metropolitana, idade e ter cursado escola básica privada, são fundamentais para a aprovação do candidato. Enquanto que baixa renda pessoal e ter cursado apenas o ensino médio diminuem a chance do candidato ser aprovado. Os resultados reiteram, portanto, um ciclo vicioso de concentração de renda, o que pode ser extremamente danoso para uma região pobre como o Nordeste do Brasil.The main objective of this paper was to peruse the role of socio-economic characteristics on the chance of success in an aptitude test for admission to a public bank in the Northeast of Brazil. Using a logit model, and a sample of 232,308 candidates, the main results of the model point that family income, type of education, age and residential location of the candidate are the key factors influencing success in the test. The results, therefore, reiterate a vicious circle of income concentration which can be extremely harmful to a poor region as the Northeast of Brazil.

No se concibe un proceso de enseñanza _aprendizaje cuando no existe una correcta formación vocacional a partir de la orientación y la motivación del estudio de las diferentes especialidades por lo que se realizo un estudio para comprobar el nivel de motivación de los estudiantes que ingresan a las diferentes carrera de Ciencias Médicas en San Luis año 2007 utilizando como muestra 40 estudiantes de un universo de 60 realizando entrevistas, encuestas y formularios se utilizó análisis teórico y empírico pudiendo comprobarla escasa motivación y orientación vocacional que los mismos poseen.Teaching-learning process is not conceived having an incorrect vocational training and motivation to study the different specialties at colleges, thus a research was carried out in order to corroborate the level of motivation those students opting for Medical Sciences in San Luis municipality during 2007 had. The sample was composed of 40 students from a total of 60, surveys, interviews and forms were applied using theoretical and empirical analysis, showing an insufficient motivation and vocational training of the students.

In this study, an integrated exam system has been propesed for physical education exams by using Information Technologies. The system consists of two parts: hardware and software. The hardware part of the system collects the performances of sportmen in test area by sensors and sends collected data to software system wirelessly. The processes of collecting and sending data are performed by electronic circuits with microcontroller. The software part of the system consists of two modules executed in desktop and Web platforms. The desktop module is in charge of evaluating data obtained from hardware and transfer them to database, Web module performs reporting processes including enrollment, computing exam marks and announce them online. Agile software development methodologies have been used in designing system and software development . Thus, it has been aimed to develop an IT project that have a higher performance, lower error and meets expectations of clients. The software development processes of the project has been examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Apunts: Educació Física i Esports is the property of Institut Nacional d'Educacio Fisica de Catalunya and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Military Science Review / Hadtudományi Szemle is the property of National University of Public Service and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

INTRODUCTION: Selection of medical students varies between German- and French-speaking Swiss faculties. Geneva introduced an aptitude test in 2010, aimed at helping decision making among students. The test was compulsory: it had to be taken by those who intended to register for medical studies. But it was not selective: there was no performance threshold under which registration would have been denied. METHODS: We followed 353 students who took the test in 2010, checked whether they confirmed their registration for medical studies and studied their performance during year 1 (selective year). RESULTS: The correlation between the aptitude test result and the academic performance during year 1 was 0.47 (n = 191), and weakened to 0.38 (n = 214) when including repetition of year 1. The failure to pass in year 2 or success were associated with the aptitude test results (p

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the relationship amongst the premedical academic achievement, aptitude test and the Entrance Test in the Punjab Medical & Dental Colleges admission test 2012. Methodology: An aptitude test of 22 items was administered to the entire population of Entrance Test 2012. HSSC, Matriculation, aptitude test, and Entrance Test scores and their demographic variables were entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software v.16 and parametric tests were applied. P-value less than 0.05 was as taken as statistically significant. Results: Out of the 36,100 students, 24,988 (69.2%) were females. Students who scored more than 75% marks (19.9%) also scored higher marks in the Aptitude Test (t=28.45. p-value=0.00). Female candidates in general scored higher marks in the Entrance Test (p0.05). Overall, students from the economically and academically underdeveloped districts of Punjab scored less marks in the Entrance Test (p

Objectives Evaluation of cardiorespiratory fitness in obese adolescents is necessary to develop personalised retraining programmes. We aimed to measure cardiorespiratory fitness using 3 field tests, and to evaluate their validity and sensitivity compared to values obtained by laboratory tests. Design Longitudinal interventional study in obese adolescents admitted to a rehabilitation centre for a 9-month programme of obesity management. Methods A 12-min walk/run test, an adapted 20 m shuttle walk-run test (starting speed 4 km h-1, increments of 0.5 km h-1 min-1) and a 4-level submaximal cycle ergometer test were performed to estimate respectively distance covered in 12 min, maximum speed and maximal aerobic power. Results Thirty adolescents aged 14.2 ± 1.6 years were included. After 9 months intervention, we observed a significant reduction in body mass index, and an increase in peak ...O2 and field test results. We observed significant correlations between pre- and post-intervention values of peak ...O2 and distance covered in 12 min (r = 0.70 pre; r = 0.82 post), maximum speed (r = 0.80 pre; r = 0.83 post) and maximal aerobic power (r = 0.71 pre; r = 0.84 post). Multiple linear regression made it possible to estimate peak ...O2 based on results from the 3 field tests using prediction equations specific to a population of obese adolescents. Conclusions These field tests, including the adapted 20 m shuttle walk-run test, adequately assess cardiorespiratory fitness in obese adolescents, and are sensitive to changes over time. Predictive equations including BMI are useful in clinical practice to predict peak ...O2 in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the results obtained with the application of Quantitative Skills Test during the first semester of 2010, to 206 first year students at University of Costa Rica (UCR), registered in the careers of Physics, Statistics and Mathematics. In this analysis the means obtained from the Quantitative Skills Test were compared with the results from the Academic Aptitude Test, as well as with the academic performance obtained in introductory courses and the third cycle of those careers. This project was done by using both, the statistical technique of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Turkey multiple comparisons test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United Kingdom's Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT) aims to assess candidates' "natural talent" for dentistry. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of the UKCAT for dental school applicant selection. The relationship of the UK-CAT with demographic and academic variables was examined, assessing if the likelihood of being offered a place at a UK dental school was predicted by demographic factors and academic selection tools (predicted grades and existing school results). Finally, the validity of these selection tools in predicting first-year dental exam performance was assessed. Correlational and regression analyses showed that females and poorer students were more likely to have lower UKCAT scores. Gender and social class did not, however, predict first-year dental exam performance. UKCAT scores predicted the likelihood of the candidate being offered a place in the dental course; however, they did not predict exam performance during the first year of the course. Indeed, the only predictor of dental exam performance was existing school results. These findings argue against the use of the UKCAT as the sole determinant in dental applicant selection, instead highlighting the value of using existing school results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many cases, aptitude tests used in the hiring process fail to connect the measurement scale with the emotional type of the person desired by an employer. This experimental study introduced a new measuring method, in which the measurement scale could be adjusted according to the type of person an employer is seeking. Then the effectiveness of this method was verified by comparing the results of an aptitude test utilizing the method and the results of the typical hiring process carried out by the new method in hiring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives/Hypothesis: Application to otolaryngology residency is a highly competitive process. Programs identify the best candidates by evaluating academic performance in medical school, board scores, research experience, performance during an interview, and letters of recommendation. Unfortunately, none of these metrics completely assess an applicant's capacity to learn and perform surgical skills. We describe a direct assessment of an applicant's ability for rapid surgical skill acquisition, manual dexterity, and response to stress that can be performed during the interview process. Study Design: A retrospective study at an academic otolaryngology residency program. Methods: After orientation, applicants were seated at a microsurgical training station and allotted 20 minutes to suture an incision using 10-0 nylon suture on a latex practice card. Their performance was graded using a 1-to-5 scoring system for the following categories: microscope use, respect for tissue, instrument handling, knot tying and suture control, skills acquisition, and attitude toward the exercise. Applicants were given some instruction and assessed on their ability to incorporate what they had learned into their technique. Results: The average total applicant score was 23.2, standard deviation (SD) 3.6 (maximum 30); 13.4% of applicants scored <1 SD below the mean, 66.1% scored within 1 SD of the mean, and 20.5% scored >1 SD above the mean. Conclusions: The value of applicant screening tests in predicting surgical competency is controversial. We describe a direct assessment tool that may prove useful in identifying outliers, both high and low, to aid in final applicant ranking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports findings from the first national Australian study of the predictive validity of the Special Tertiary Admissions Test (STAT). Background on tertiary admissions procedures in Australia is presented, followed by information on STAT and the research methods. The results affirm that STAT, through the provision of baseline and objective data, offers a valid and efficient means for ensuring that people who are capable of success at university are able to gain admission. They affirm the importance of taking an evidence-based disciplinary perspective to university admissions. Implications for the development and use of the assessment are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Applied Economics / Economía Aplicada is the property of FEA-RP, Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Periodic monitoring of the training of prospective guide dogs for the blind was evaluated to determine if the monitoring is useful in gauging the potential suitability of guide dogs. We selected 8 dogs as test dogs on the basis of their medical check and pretraining evaluation. Beginning with day 1 of training, we monitored their progress every 2 weeks for 12 weeks. The evaluation was designed to assess task performance, stress, excitement, and concentration for the task. We set the test course in a residential district, but in an area that was not used for daily training. In some variables, such as tail position, duration of distraction, and effect of the training break, there were some differences between a dog that successfully completed guide training and dogs that did not. The number of stress reactions was significantly different between successful and unsuccessful dogs. Only 1 dog out of the 8 observed became a guide dog; however, the present study suggests that it is possible to detect some traits in the early stages of training that determine whether or not a dog successfully becomes a guide dog. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The paper is about the teorical and methodological conception on the necessity off the students' selection to the architecture carrier. The authors made reference about the essential aspects that had been the selection process. The research was defended as doctoral thesis in Psychology. Actually the results are using in the practical process of selection to the architecture carrier in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1998, the Jordanian Council of Higher Education authorized the construction of a standardized aptitude test that would be used to assist colleges and universities in admissions decisions. In this paper we report the results of a study in which it was examined whether test items were operating as desired and path analyses that explored predictors of student performance for a highly selective sample of Jordanian students. Item analyses indicated that 30% of the items showed inadequate discrimination or inappropriate difficulty levels, and an additional 19% of the items showed evidence of differential item functioning attributable to sex. The path analyses indicated that the strongest predictors of performance emerged for female students and included parental educational level and whether students attended a government-sponsored school or a private school. For males, the same predictive relationships were negligible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]