Three new uranyl-organic coordination polymers (UO2)8(NDC)12(4,4′-bipyH2)3(4,4′-bipyH)3 (1), (UO2)3O[Ag(2,2′-bipy)2]2(NDC)3 (2), and (UO2)2(NDC)2(2,2′-bipy)2 (3), where NDC = 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylate and bipy = bipyridine, have been prepared in hydrothermal conditions. Both 1 and 2 possess a 2D structure while 3 is composed of 1D zigzag chains. In 1 there are mononuclear pentagonal-bipyramidal U-O polyhedra and 1D channels filled with 4,4′-bipy molecules, whereas in 2 there are mononuclear hexagonal-bipyramidal U-O polyhedra and tetranuclear pentagonal-bipyramidal U-O clusters which form 2D channels with occluded [Ag(2,2′-bipy)2]+ counterions. In 3 both the NDC and the bipy ligands coordinate to uranyl centers, leading to hexagonal-bipyramidal polyhedra which are connected to form 1D zigzag chains. Under UV or visible irradiation, 1 and 2 degrade rhodamine B with similar efficiency. The correlation between photocatalytic reaction rate and oxygen concentration for 1 and 2 has also been elucidated. Crystal data: 1, triclinic, space group P1, a = 11.037(2) Å, b = 15.126(3) Å, c = 15.660(3) Å, α = 62.05(3)°, β = 72.26(3)°, γ = 82.05(3)°, and Z = 2; 2, triclinic, space group P1, a = 14.161(3) Å, b = 15.122(3) Å, c = 18.212(4) Å, α = 85.73(3)°, β = 76.99(3)°, γ = 67.32(3)°, and Z = 2; 3, monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 10.7976(18) Å, b = 31.501(6) Å, c = 11.590(2) Å, β = 97.609(4)°, and Z = 4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]