Search

AIM: To investigate the oncolytic effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) delivering reovirus type 3 (Reo3) on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) K562 cells. METHODS: The expression of junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A), a receptor susceptible to Reo3, on the surface of hUMSCs and K562 cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Intracellular viral inclusion body distribution 72 h after Reo3 infection in hUMSCs was observed by electron microscopy. The hUMSCs were infected with various multiplicities of infection (MOI) of Reo3 (M01=0, 1, 2 and 3) for 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h, and the most suitable MOI was identified by CCK-8 assay. Subsequently, hUMSCs were infected with the optimal titer of Reo3 for the same durations, and supernatants were collected. The titer of Reo3 in the supernatant from each group was measured using mouse fibroblast L929 cells combined with median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) method, determining the optimal infection time. The K562 cells were divided into 4 groups: control group, hUMSCs group, Reo3 group, and hUMSCs-Reo3 group. Ratios of hUMSCs to K562 cells in hUMSCs group and hUMSCs-Reo3 group were set at low, medium and high (5^1, 10^1 and 20: 1). The changes of K562 cell viability after co-cultured with hUMSCs-Reo3 for 24, 48 and 72 h were analyzed by CCK-8 assay. The apoptosis of K562 cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of anti-Reo3 monoclonal antibody was determined using L929 cells. The oncolytic effect of hUMSCs-Reo3 on K562 cells with antibody present in vitro was verified. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein levels of Bcl-2, Bax, survivin and cleaved caspase-3 in K562 cells after treatment. A BALB/c nude mouse subcutaneous tumor model was constructed with K562 cells (n=6) to analyze the in vivo anti-tumor effect of hUMSCs-Reo3. RESULTS: The expression levels of JAM-A on the surfaces of hUMSCs and K562 cells were found to be 11. 0% and 99. 0%, respectively. Electron microscopy revealed a significant presence of viral inclusion bodies within hUMSCs 72 h following infection with Reo3. Within 120 h, no statistically significant difference was observed in the viability of hUMSCs between Reo3 (MOI=1) group and uninfected group, establishing the optimal MOI. The TCID50 results indicated that the highest virus titer in the lysate of hUMSCs in Reo3 (MOI=1) group occurred 48 h after infection, determining 48 h as the optimal infection time. The K562 cells co-cultured with hUMSCs-Reo3 for 24, 48 and 72 h showed a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cell viability. The EC50 of the anti-Reo3 monoclonal antibody was found to be 1: 34. Even in the presence of antibodies at various concentrations (1: 34, 1 • 300 and 1: 600), hUMSCs were capable of transporting Reo3 to inhibit K562 cell viability and induce apoptosis in vitro. Compared with control group, significant down-regulation of Bcl-2 and survivin expression levels in K562 cells was noted after 48 h of co-culture with hUMSCs-Reo3 (P<0. 05), while Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression levels were significantly up-regulated (P< 0. 05 or P<0. 01). In the BALB/c nude mouse tumor-bearing model, determination of tumor volume changes, pathological examination of tumor tissue and major organs, and assessment of cathepsin B/L activity using a small animal live imaging system confirmed the oncolytic effect of hUMSCs-Reo3 on K562 cells in vivo without adverse effects on normal tissues. CONCLUSION: The hUMSCs are effective in transporting Reo3, and this delivery system is capable of releasing sufficient quantities of Reo3 in both in vivo and in vitro settings to inhibit the malignant proliferation of K562 cells and promote apoptosis, thereby exerting an oncolytic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To explore the synergistic sensitization effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell culture supernatant (hUMSC-CM) combined with temozolomide (TMZ) on various glioma cell lines, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: The hUMSC-CM was harvested using two different serum deprivation techniques at 24 and 48 h, and was converted into freeze-dried powder, which was then given to rat malignant glioma cell line RG-2, human astrocytoma cell line U251 and human glioblastoma cell line LN-428 at 5 concentrations (0, 1, 3, 6 and 9 g/L). The effectiveness and sensitivity of hUMSC-CM for inhibiting growth of glioma cells at 24, 48 and 72 h were assessed using CCK-8 assay. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining combined with CCK-8 assay was employed to evaluate the chemotherapy sensitivity of glioma cells after 48 h of treatment with TMZ at 6 concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 µmol/L). Two concentrations (3 and 9 g/L) of hUMSC-CM and 3 concentrations (50, 100 and 200 µmol/L) of TMZ were chosen for concurrent treatment of glioma cells to assess the proliferation and pathological alterations. TUNEL staining was utilized to detect apoptosis. Flow cytometry was utilized to analyze cell cycle modifications. The expression alterations of apoptosis-inducing proteins, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-8 and cleaved PARP1, as well as autophagy-inducing proteins beclin-1 and LC3, were examined using Western blot to investigate the synergistic sensitization mechanism of hUMSC-CM combined with TMZ in vitro. RESULTS: The susceptibility of glioma cell lines to hUMSC-CM and TMZ varied, with RG-2 showing the highest sensitivity, followed by U251, and then LN-428. The inhibitory effect of hUMSC-CM (3 and 9 g/L) and TMZ (50, 100 and 200 µmol/L) combined treatment on glioma cells was significantly greater than that that of single-agent treatments (P<0. 05), demonstrating a dose- and concentration-dependent enhancement. Notably, the combination of 9 g/L hUMSC-CM (C9) with 50 µmol/L TMZ (T50) effectively suppressed glioma cell growth. CCK-8 assay indicated a significant reduction of cell viability in C9+T50 group compared with either C9 or T50 alone (P<0. 05). HE staining and TUNEL staining revealed pronounced morphological changes and significant apoptotic features in glioma cells treated with C9+T50. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed that C9+T50 induced cell cycle arrest in glioma cells. Furthermore, compared with control group, the levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-8, cleaved PARP1, beclin-1, and LC3-II/LC3-I were significantly elevated in the C9+T50-treated glioma cells (P<0. 01). CONCLUSION: (1) The concomitant administration of hUMSC-CM and TMZ exerts a broad inhibitory effect on glioma cells, with a synergistic sensitization observed across different cell lines. (2) The enhancement of glioma cell sensitivity to TMZ by hUMSC-CM may be attributed to the modulation of caspase-8/caspase-3/PARP1 signaling pathway and the induction of both apoptosis and autophagy in glioma cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glioma is an aggressive type of brain malignancy responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. In the current scenario, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinases targeted therapy showed significant benefits in glioma patients. Therefore, in the present study, we intend to investigate the anti‐glioma potential of a novel class of pyrazole‐pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives and their mechanism of action. The compounds will be synthesized in a straight‐forward synthetic route in excellent yields and subsequently tested for EGFR kinase inhibition. The compounds showed a diverse range of inhibitory activity against EGFR (IC50 = 3.4–873.2 nM). With an IC50 of 1.5 nM, compound 4i was determined to be the most effective EGFR inhibitor, even superior to the standard erlotinib (IC50 2.3 nM). Among them, the three most potent compounds (4i, 4j, and 4k) were further subjected to the anticancer activity against the panel of various cancer cell lines MCF‐7 (breast cancer), A549 (lung cancer), U87 (glioblastoma cell)‐EGFR‐Wild Type, U87 (mutant glioblastoma cells) EGFR‐mutant cell, MCF‐12A (normal cells). The compound 4i showed the most potent activity against glioblastoma cells as compared to other cancer cells. The effect of compound 4i was also studied on the apoptosis of U87 cells, where it showed induction of apoptosis in a concentration‐dependent manner. It also showed inhibition of the G2/M cell cycle phase of U87 cells. Our study demonstrated the development of novel pyrazole‐pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as a novel class of anti‐glioma agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantitative information on regional cropland runoff is important for sustainable agricultural water quantity and quality management. This study combined the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method and geostatistical approaches to quantify long-term (1990–2013) changes and regional spatial variations of cropland runoff in China. Estimated CN values from 17 cropland study sites across China showed reasonable agreement with default values from the National Engineering Handbook (R2 = 0.76, n = 17). Among four commonly used geostatistical interpolation methods, the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method achieved the highest accuracy (R2 = 0.67, n = 209) for prediction of cropland runoff. Using default CN values and the IDW method, estimated national annual cropland runoff volume and runoff depth in 1990–2013 were 253 ± 25 km3 yr−1 and 182 ± 15 mm yr−1, respectively. Estimated cropland runoff depth gradually increased from the drier northwest inland region to the wetter southeast coastal region (range: 2–1375 mm yr−1). Regionally, eastern, central and southern China accounted for 39% of the cultivated area and 53% of the irrigated land area and contributed to 68% of the national cropland runoff volume. In contrast, northwestern, northern, southwestern and northeastern China accounted for 61% of the cultivated area and 47% of the irrigated land area and contributed to 32% of the runoff volume. Rainfall was the main source (72%) of cropland runoff for the entire nation, while irrigation became the main source of cropland runoff in drier regions (northwestern and southwestern China). Over the 24-year study period, estimated cropland runoff depth showed no significant trends, whereas cropland runoff volume and irrigation-contributed percentages decreased by 7% and 35%, respectively, owing to implementation of water-saving irrigation technologies. To reduce excessive runoff and increase water utilization efficiencies, regionally specific water management strategies should be further promoted. As the first long-term national estimate of cropland runoff in China, this study provides a simple framework for estimating regional cropland runoff depth and volume, providing critical information for guiding developments of management practices to mitigate agricultural nonpoint source pollution, soil erosion and water scarcity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

purpose of this study was to explore the effect of coagulopathy in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) during the early postoperative period. Methods: The baseline characteristics, intraoperative management, and follow-up data of 462 patients with TBI between January 2015 and June 2019 were collected and retrospectively analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Coagulopathy was defined as activated partial thromboplastin time > 40 s, international normalized ratio > 1.4, or platelet counts < 100× 109/L. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission, Injury Severity Score (ISS) on admission, pupil mydriasis, duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative crystalloid resuscitation were independent risk factors for patients who developed coagulopathy after surgery. There were statistical differences in mortality (p = 0.049), the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GCS-E; p = 0.024), and the modified Rankin Scale (p = 0.043) between the patients with and without coagulopathy 1 week after surgery. Coagulopathy within 72 h after surgery revealed the higher mortality at 1 week (66.7%), 3 months (71.4%), and 6 months (76.2%). Coagulopathy within 72 h after surgery in patients with a TBI predicted worse disease progression and unfavorable neurologic outcomes. Conclusion: Taking practical and reasonable measures to manage these risk factors may protect patients with TBI from postoperative coagulopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Infratentorial craniotomy patients have a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have been shown in multiple surgical disciplines to improve outcomes, including reduced PONV. However, very few studies have described the application of ERAS to infratentorial craniotomy. The aim of this study was to examine whether our ERAS protocol for infratentorial craniotomy could improve PONV.Methods: We implemented an evidence-based, multimodal ERAS protocol for patients undergoing infratentorial craniotomy. A total of 105 patients who underwent infratentorial craniotomy were randomized into either the ERAS group (n = 50) or the control group (n = 55). Primary outcomes were the incidence of vomiting, nausea score, and use of rescue antiemetic during the first 72 h after surgery. Secondary outcomes included postoperative anxiety level, sleep quality, and complications.Results: Over the entire 72 h post-craniotomy observation period, the cumulative incidence of vomiting was significantly lower in the ERAS group than in the control group. Meanwhile, the incidence of vomiting was significantly lower in the ERAS group on postoperative days (PODs) 2 and 3. Notably, the proportion of patients with mild nausea (VAS 0-4) was higher in the ERAS group as compared to the control group on PODs 2 or 3. Additionally, the postoperative anxiety level and quality of sleep were significantly better in the ERAS group.Conclusion: Successful implementation of our ERAS protocol in infratentorial craniotomy patients could attenuate postoperative anxiety, improve sleep quality, and reduce the incidence of PONV, without increasing the rate of postoperative complications.Trial Registration: ChiCTR-INR-16009662, 27 Oct 2016, Clinical study on the development and efficacy evaluation of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in Neurosurgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate loading versus fasting on the outcomes of patients undergoing elective craniotomy. In a single-center randomized controlled study, 120 neurosurgical patients who were admitted for elective craniotomy were included and randomized into 2 groups: 58 patients received 400 mL of oral carbohydrate loading 2 h before surgery (intervention group), and 62 patients were fasting for 8 h prior to surgery as routine management (control group). The primary end point was glucose homeostasis. Secondary outcomes included handgrip strength, pulmonary function and postoperative complications. Better glucose homeostasis (5.6 ± 1.0 mmol/L vs. 6.3 ± 1.2 mmol/L, P = 0.001) was achieved in patients who received preoperative oral carbohydrate loading compared to fasting. Furthermore, patients in the intervention group had better handgrip strength (25.3 ± 7.1 kg vs. 19.9 ± 7.5 kg, P < 0.0001) and pulmonary function (in terms of peak expiratory flow rate) (315.8 ± 91.5 L/min vs. 270.0 ± 102.7 L/min, P = 0.036) compared to the controls postoperatively. The rates of postoperative surgical and non-surgical complications did not differ between the groups. Both postoperative and total hospital length of stay (LOS) reduced significantly in the intervention group (-3d, P < 0.0001 and P = 0.004). Oral carbohydrate loading given 2 h before surgery in patients undergoing elective craniotomy seems to improve glucose homeostasis, handgrip strength and pulmonary function as well as decrease LOS without increasing the risk of postoperative complications. Routine use of preoperative oral carbohydrate loading could be suggested in clinical settings, though further evaluation of its safety and efficacy is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a typical tick-borne, natural focal disease. The natural foci of SFTS were considered to exist in hilly and mountainous areas before 2015. A cluster of 3 patients exposed to a patient with a fulminant disease consistent with SFTS occurred from July to August 2015 in Dongtai County, which is characterized by alluvial plains; this prompted investigation. Methods The epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features of 4 patients in the cluster were analyzed. Serum samples from the indigenous healthy population and native domesticated animals were collected to conduct laboratory tests, along with small wild animals and ticks. Results In 3 secondary case patients, high fever, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia developed within 8–13 days after contact with blood or bloody secretions from the index patient; SFTS was then diagnosed by means of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Genomic sequencing and analysis of S and L segments of 2 viral strains isolated from 2 secondary case patients showed that they shared 99.8%–99.9% homology in nucleotide sequence. The seroprevalences among indigenous healthy population, native livestock, native poultry, and small wild animals was 0.74%, 17.54%, 6.67%, and 1.12%, respectively. Three questing ticks, 61 feeding ticks, and 178 small wild animals were collected in August 2015. Survey on tick density and seasonal fluctuation in 2016 showed that ticks were active from March to October. All ticks were identified as Haemaphysalis longicornis. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia bunyavirus (SFTSV)–specific RNA was detected in the ticks collected in 2016, and the minimum SFTSV infection rate in these ticks was 0.54% (1 of 185).Wild mammals and ticks collected in August 2015 tested negative for SFTSV-specific RNA. Conclusions Aside from hilly or mountainous area, a coastal plain was identified as the natural foci of SFTSV in Dongtai County, China. The involvement of migration in the evolution of SFTSV might lead to a transregional transmission event of SFTSV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal/power issues have become increasingly important with more and more transistors being placed on a single chip. Many dynamic thermal/power management techniques have been proposed to address such issues but they all depend heavily on accurate knowledge of the chip's thermal state during runtime. In this paper, we describe a unified statistical framework for designing an on-chip thermal sensing infrastructure that can be used to track the chip's thermal state at runtime. Specifically, we address the following problems in this statistical framework: 1) sensor placement; 2) sensor data compression; 3) sensor data fusion; and 4) overall interplay. Our methods exploit the correlations between temperatures in different parts of the chip to drive sensor placement, data compression, and data fusion in both noiseless and noisy sensor cases. Our framework is also capable of choosing the appropriate degree of compression for each sensor while accounting for their local space constraints during deployment. The experimental results show that the root-mean-square error of the thermal estimates produced by our sensing infrastructure is on average 35% better than an equivalent system that uses a range-based placement scheme and a uniform compression scheme. It took our methods at most about 9 s to decide the overall solution for placement, compression, and data fusion at the design stage. This demonstrates the effectiveness and applicability of our unified statistical design methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate dynamic thermal management (DTM) policies under soft thermal constraint that allow the thermal constraint to be violated occasionally for boosting system performance. First, we investigate soft-constraint DTM using lumped radio control (RC) thermal models. We develop analytical expressions for the optimal core frequency policies that maximize overall performance under soft thermal constraint for both single-core and homogeneous multicore processors. We then generalize the problem to heterogeneous multicore processor and use a more accurate distributed RC thermal model to account for the spatial thermal variation. The generalized problem also takes into account the impact of increased temperature on transistor delay and leakage power. The problem is solved by convex optimization. Experimental results indicate that for a two-core processor, a mere 10^\circC increase in the core temperature for 100 s results in about 30% performance gain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonylphenol (NP) is the final biodegradation product of nonylphenol polyethoxylates, which are widely used as surfactants in domestic and industrial products. NP was reported to exert estrogenic actions and shown to potentially adversely affect reproductive functions. However, NP influence on immune system function remains unclear. To address this issue, the effects of NP on spleen and thymus were examined in this study. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with NP orally at doses of 0, 20, 80, or 200 mg/kg respectively. Data showed that NP increased the levels of natural killer (NK) cells and natural killer T (NKT) cells in peripheral blood and decreased the levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in serum. These findings suggest that exposure to NP by oral route may induce adverse effects on the spleen and thymus and affect the immune function of female rats. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, we investigate the gate sizing problem and develop techniques for improving the runtime by effectively exploiting the graphics processing unit (GPU) resources. Theoretically, we investigate a randomized cutting plane-based convex optimization technique which is highly parallelizable and can effectively exploit the single instruction multiple data structure imposed by GPUs. In order to further improve the runtime, we also develop GPU-oriented implementation guidelines that exploit the specific structure that convex gate sizing formulations impose. We implemented our method on NVIDIA Tesla 10 GPU and obtain 21\times to 400\times speedup compared to the MOSEK optimization tool implemented on conventional CPU. The quality of solution of our method is very close to that achieved by MOSEK, since both are optimal. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Multicore system-on-chips (SOCs) rely on runtime thermal monitoring using on-chip thermal sensors for dynamic thermal management (DTM). However, on-chip sensors are highly susceptible to noise due to fabrication randomness, VDD fluctuations, etc. This causes discrepancy between the actual temperature and the one observed by thermal sensor. In this paper, we address the problem of estimating the accurate temperature of on-chip thermal sensor when the sensor reading has been corrupted by noise. We present statistical techniques for the following: 1) when the underlying randomness exhibits jointly-Gaussian characteristics we present the optimal solution for temperature estimation; 2) for close to Gaussian cases we give a heuristic based on Moment Matching; 3) when the underlying randomness is non-Gaussian a hypothesis testing framework is used to predict the sensor temperatures. The previous three techniques are investigated in both single sensor and multisensor scenarios, respectively. The latter tries to estimate the actual temperatures for several sensors simultaneously while exploiting the correlations in temperature and circuit parameters among different sensors. The experiments showed that using our estimation schemes the root mean square (RMS) error can be reduce (with very small runtime overhead) by 71.5% as compared to blindly trusting the sensors to be noise-free. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrogen (N) runoff loss from croplands due to excessive anthropogenic N additions is a principal cause of non-point source water pollution worldwide. Quantitative knowledge of regional-scale N runoff loss from croplands is essential for developing sustainable agricultural N management and efficient water N pollution control strategies. This meta-analysis quantifies N runoff loss rates and identifies the primary factors regulating N runoff loss from uplands (n = 570) and paddy (n = 434) fields in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB). Results indicated that total N (TN) runoff loss rates from uplands and paddy fields consistently increased from upstream to downstream regions. Runoff depth, soil N content and fertilizer addition rate (chemical fertilizer + manure) were the major factors regulating variability of TN runoff loss from uplands, while runoff depth and fertilizer addition rate were the main controls for paddy fields. Multiple regression models incorporating these influencing factors effectively predicted TN runoff loss rates from uplands (calibration: R2 = 0.60, n = 242; validation: R2 = 0.55, n = 104) and paddy fields (calibration: R2 = 0.70, n = 189; validation: R2 = 0.85, n = 82). Models estimated total cropland TN runoff loss load in YRB of 0.54 (95% Cl: 0.23–1.33) Tg, with 0.30 (95% Cl: 0.15–0.56) Tg from uplands and 0.24 (95% Cl: 0.08–0.77) Tg from paddy fields in 2017. Guangxi, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan and Henan provinces within the YRB were identified as cropland TN runoff loss hotspots. Models predicted that TN runoff loss loads from croplands in YRB would decrease by 0.8–13.7% for five scenarios, with higher TN load reductions occurring from scenarios with decreased runoff amounts. Reducing upland TN runoff loss should focus primarily on soil N utilization and runoff management, while reducing N fertilizer addition and runoff provided the most sensitive strategies for paddy fields. Integrated management of water, soil and fertilizer is required to effectively reduce cropland N runoff loss. Image 1 • Upland N runoff loss regulated by runoff depth, soil N and N fertilization levels. • Paddy field N runoff loss regulated by runoff depth and N fertilization rate. • Regression models incorporating these influencing factors had reasonable accuracies. • Model-estimated cropland N runoff loss load in YRB for 2017 was 0.54 Tg N yr−1. • Reducing N runoff loss requires integrated water, soil and fertilizer managements. Nitrogen runoff loss load and its driving factors from upland and paddy field in Yangtze River Basin were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel approach was established on the basis of a molecularly imprinted technique with the aid of double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) embedded in a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) membrane as a new functional unit with chiral recognition for highly specific chiral recognition. The chiral molecules were immobilized and anchored in the cavities of the MIP membrane on the basis of the three-dimensional structure of a molecule determined by the functional groups, spatial characterization of the cavities of MIPs, and the spatial orientation with dsDNA embedded in MIPs. D-carnitine was selected as an example of a chiral molecular template, which intercalated into dsDNA immobilized on the gold electrode surface to form dsDNA-D-carnitine complex, and then the complex was embedded in the MIP during electropolymerization. After elution, the stereo-selective cavities were obtained. Our findings have shown that AAAA-TTTT base sequence had high affinity for D-carnitine intercalation. Combined with the electrochemical detection method, MIP sensor was prepared. The selectivity of the MIP sensor to ultratrace D-carnitine was significantly improved; the sensor had remarkable stereo-selectivity and highly chiral specific recognition to D-carnitine, and L-carnitine with a concentration of 10,000 times D-carnitine did not interfere with the detection of D-carnitine in the assay of raceme. The sensor also exhibited high sensitivity to ultratrace D-carnitine determination with a linear response to the concentration of D-carnitine in the range of 3.0 × 10−16 mol/L to 4.0 × 10−13 mol/L, with a detection limit of 2.24 × 10−16 mol/L. The mechanism of chiral recognition was studied, and result showed that apart from the recognition effect of imprinted cavities, dsDNA provided chiral selectivity to the spatial orientation of chiral molecules via the intercalation of chiral molecules with dsDNA and electrostatic interaction with groups of DNA base. An approach was proposed to improve the stereo-selectivity of molecular imprinted membranes on chiral molecules by employing dsDNA as a new functional unit with chiral recognition, and a molecular imprinted electrochemical sensor for highly selective and sensitive determination of D-carnitine was developed. Fig. 1 The procedure to construct MIPs based on dsDNA induced special conformation recognition. Image 1 • The chiral recognition was improved by utilizing dsDNA co-polymerized in the MIP membrane. • dsDNA provided an anchoring effect for the spatial orientation of chiral molecules in the imprinted cavities. • The intercalation of chiral molecules with dsDNA and the electrostatic interaction with groups of DNA base were observed. • The stereo-selectivity to D-carnitine is remarkably improved, eliminating the interference of enantiomer L-carnitine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]