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Objective The study aims to optimize the conditions for constructing orthotopic nude mouse models of liver cancer by injecting human liver tumor cell lines and to explore appropriate timings for drug administration. Methods Human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B and hepatoblastoma HepG2 cell lines, which stably expressing the luciferase reporter gene (LUC), were selected. The linear correlation between the luciferase luminescence intensity and the number of liver tumor cells was analyzed using a Small Animal In Vivo Imaging system to verify the luminescent efficiency of the human liver tumor cells. Different concentrations (8×106, 2.4×107, 7.2×107 cells/mL) and resuspension media (PBS, Matrigel) of human liver tumor cell suspensions HepG2-LUC and Hep3B-LUC were orthotopically inoculated into the liver lobes of 5-week-old female BALB/c nude mice (12 groups, 7 mice each) to construct human liver tumor nude mouse orthotopic cancer models. Every 7 days, the weights of mice were recorded, and the growth of orthotopic tumors was monitored using the Small Animal In Vivo Imaging system. On day 35 post-cell inoculation, mouse livers were dissected, and pathological slices were prepared for HE staining to observe histopathological changes in liver tissues. Results The luminescence intensity of human liver tumor cell lines was positively correlated with the number of cells (R2=0.983 1, R2=0.970 5), indicating their suitability for orthotopic model construction. Successful modeling was achieved in the high-concentration groups of HepG2-LUC, the low-, medium-, and high-concentration groups of HepG2-LUC+Matrigel, the medium- and high-concentration groups of Hep3B-LUC, and the low-, medium-, and high-concentration groups of Hep3B-LUC+Matrigel. For both HepG2-LUC+Matrigel and Hep3B-LUC+Matrigel groups, mice in the high-concentration groups exhibited significantly reduced body weight compared to the low- and medium-concentration groups (both with P0.950 0), and reached a minimum of 1.0×107 p/(s·cm²·sr) by day 14 post-transplantation. Mice in the low- and medium-concentration groups of HepG2-LUC and the low-concentration group of Hep3B-LUC showed no significant pathological changes, while the other groups exhibited evident liver tumors and hepatocyte lesions. Conclusion For the HepG2-LUC cell line, the recommended injection volume is 50 µL with a cell density of 2.4×107 cells/mL, resuspended with Matrigel, followed by drug administration or prognostic measures on day 7 post-modeling. For the Hep3B-LUC cell line, the recommended injection volume is 50 µL with a cell density of 7.2×107 cells/mL, not resuspended with Matrigel, with administration or prognostic measures on day 14 post-modeling.

Using rectorite as raw material, REC is modified by nitric acid, TiO2 is attached to the surface of the acidized modified REC tablet to form modified REC-TiO2 composite materials by the sol-gel method, and its adsorption performance and photocatalytic properties were studied. The results show that the adsorption of REC, modified REC, modified REC-TiO2 composite materialtoporads to methylene blue increased with the increase of equilibrium concentration. The process of adsorption MB of modified REC-TiO2 composite materials is an endothermic process. The adsorption of REC, modified REC, modified REC-TiO2 composite materials to MB increased with the increase of temperature. When the temperature is 25 degree, the maximum adsorption capacity of REC is 93.985 mg/g, the maximum adsorption capacity of modified REC is 107.006 mg/g, and the maximum adsorption capacity of modified REC-TiO2 is 120.773 mg/g. The degradation rate of MB and p-nitrophenol by modified REC-TiO2 composite under illumination are 99% and 98%, respectively. The decontamination rate of MB and 4-NP of modified REC-TiO2 composites under darkness was 50% and 0.8%, respectively. Under light conditions, the degradation rate of MB and 4-NP in modified REC-TiO2 composite materials is improved.

The genus Camphora encompasses species of significant ecological and economic importance, such as C. parthenoxylon and C. officinarum, which exhibit distinct phenotypic traits and stress responses. This study seeks to elucidate the molecular basis of cold tolerance through comparative transcriptomic analysis complemented by physiological characterization. RNA sequencing revealed 6123 differentially expressed genes between the two species, with enriched pathways related to cold stress, oxidative stress, carotenoid biosynthesis, and photosynthesis. Key genes, such as annexin D5, chlorophyll a/b-binding protein, early light-induced protein 1, 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, were identified as critical regulators of frost resistance, photosynthetic efficiency, and carotenoid biosynthesis. Functional enrichment analyses highlighted the involvement of signal transduction, membrane stabilization, and secondary metabolism in adaptive responses. Physiological assays supported these findings, showing higher chlorophyll and carotenoid content and enhanced antioxidative enzyme activities in C. parthenoxylon. These results provide valuable insights into the genetic and biochemical mechanisms underlying stress adaptation in Camphora species and offer promising targets for enhancing resilience in economically valuable plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causative agent of African swine fever (ASF), a severe hemorrhagic disease with a mortality rate reaching 100%. Despite extensive research on ASFV mechanisms, no safe and effective vaccines or antiviral treatments have been developed. Live attenuated vaccines generated via gene deletion are considered to be highly promising. We developed a novel recombinant ASFV strain by deleting MGF360-10L and MGF505-7R, significantly reducing virulence in pigs. In the inoculation experiment, pigs were infected with 104 50% hemadsorption doses (HAD50) of the mutant strain. All the animals survived the observation period without showing ASF-related clinical signs. Importantly, no significant viral infections were detected in the cohabitating pigs. In the virus challenge experiment, all pigs succumbed after being challenged with the parent strain. RNA-seq analysis showed that the recombinant virus induced slightly higher expression of natural immune factors than the parent ASFV; however, this level was insufficient to provide immune protection. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that deleting MGF360-10L and MGF505-7R from ASFV CN/GS/2018 significantly reduces virulence but fails to provide protection against the parent strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The co-benefit business model innovation is a potential business strategy for pursuing value creation for multiple stakeholders and sustainable business development. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has significant implications for the co-benefit business model innovation during crises. Using a grounded coding approach in multiple cases, this study elaborates on how pure commercial CSR, normalized CSR, advanced CSR, and pure CSR constitute different CSR combinations, and how CSR combinations influence the co-benefit business model innovation and bring about the ultimate effects. Using a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, this study draws the following conclusions: As enterprises grow in size and the social environment improves, enterprises gradually shift their focus from pure commercial CSR to high-level CSR, eventually placing greater emphasis on advanced CSR and pure CSR. Enterprises with strong economic goals should drive co-benefit business model innovation through highly normalized CSR and advanced CSR. Enterprises with general economic goals should promote co-benefit business model innovation through highly advanced CSR. Enterprises with high economic expectations of co-benefit business model should consider both highly commercial CSR and normalized CSR, while enterprises with highly advanced CSR and co-benefit business model innovation tend to generate high social benefits. Finally, the study provides recommendations for enterprises on how to scientifically undertake CSR based on the resource endowment and staged development needs and strike to achieve the co-benefit targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used the Chub mackerel Scomber japonicus and Blue mackerel S. australasicus samples derived from both scientific survey and fishing vessels between 2020 and 2023, and analyzed the influence of species identification, different data sources and time variations on individual growth. The results revealed that the fattiness of samples from fishing vessels was slightly lower than that of scientific survey, and the body mass of samples from scientific survey grew faster. The length-body mass relationship showed that under the same fork length, the body mass of Blue mackerel was lighter than that of Chub mackerel. The range of condition factor was 1.886x10-6-6.721x10-5, with the exponent coefficient b mostly greater than 3. Heterogeneity analysis indicated that there were significant influence of data sources and years on the mackerels' growth, without significant growth difference between Chub mackerel and Blue mackerel in Northwest Pacific Ocean. Therefore, time-varying growth parameters and their uncertainties from different data sources of mackerels are strongly suggested to be considered during the stock assessment and fishery management which require life history traits. Additionally, species distinguishment between two mackerels could be given lower priority during data collection and management, but still deserve concern in the future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]