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Objective This study was conducted to observe the effect of curriculum ideology and politics in the teaching of medical psychology by integrating curriculum ideology and politics in the teaching of medical psychology in the five-year system of clinical medicine and comparing it with the traditional lecture-based teaching method. Methods A total of 323 students who underwent medical psychology study in the five-year system of clinical medicine of Jilin University from 2016 to 2019 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the control group(traditional teaching method) of 161 students and the observation group(integration of curriculum ideology and politics teaching mode) of 162 students according to different teaching methods.At the end of the course, the evaluation of the teaching effect of the medical psychology course was compared between the two groups of students by a questionnaire. Results The results of questionnaire survey showed that the observation group was higher than the control group in mental health and interpersonal ability, autonomous learning ability, doctor-patient relationship, doctor-patient communication ability and post competence, and the differences were statistically significant(P

BackgroundPheochromocytoma is one of the most hereditary human tumors with at least 20 susceptible genes undergoing germline and somatic mutations, and other mutations less than 1% -2%. In recent years, other rare mutations have gradually been discovered to be possibly related to the pathogenesis and metastasis of pheochromocytoma. Most patients with pheochromocytoma experience common symptoms like headaches, palpitations, and sweating, while some may have less common symptoms. The diversity of symptoms, genetic mutations, and limited treatment options make management challenging.Case presentationA 53-year-old woman was hospitalized after experiencing episodic epigastric pain for one month. A mass was found in her right adrenal gland and she underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery, revealing a pheochromocytoma. At the 16-month follow-up, multiple metastatic lesions consistent with metastatic pheochromocytoma were found. A germline mutation in the dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (DLST) gene (c.330 + 14A>G) was detected, and despite trying chemotherapy and adjuvant therapy, the patient had a limited response with an overall survival of 27 months.ConclusionsDLST mutation is one of the rare pheochromocytoma-related mutated genes, and genetic sequencing is crucial for effective clinical management.

BackgroundNeurexins, essential synaptic proteins, are linked to neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia.ObjectiveThrough this systematic review, we aimed to shed light on the relationship between neurexin dysfunction and its implications in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Both animal and human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) models served as our primary investigative platforms.MethodsUtilizing the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, our search strategy involved scouring articles from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases covering a span of two decades (2003–2023). Of the initial collection, 27 rigorously evaluated studies formed the essence of our review.ResultsOur review suggested the significant ties between neurexin anomalies and neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric outcomes, most notably ASD. Rodent-based investigations delineated pronounced ASD-associated behaviors, and hiPSC models derived from ASD-diagnosed patients revealed the disruptions in calcium dynamics and synaptic activities. Additionally, our review underlined the integral role of specific neurexin variants, primarily NRXN1, in the pathology of schizophrenia. It was also evident from our observation that neurexin malfunctions were implicated in a broader array of these disorders, including ADHD, intellectual challenges, and seizure disorders.ConclusionThis review accentuates the cardinal role neurexins play in the pathological process of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. The findings underscore a critical need for standardized methodologies in developing animal and hiPSC models for future studies, aiming to minimize heterogeneity. Moreover, we highlight the need to expand research into less studied neurexin variants (i.e., NRXN2 and NRXN3), broadening the scope of our understanding in this field. Our observation also projects hiPSC models as potent tools for bridging research gaps, promoting translational research, and fostering the development of patient-specific therapeutic interventions.

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia that increases the risk of stroke and other cardiovascular complications. Oral anticoagulants (OACs) are effective in reducing this risk. To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) toward OACs among patients with AF.MethodsThis web-based cross-sectional study was conducted at local Hospital between April 2023 and May 2023, and enrolled AF patients.ResultsA total of 491 valid questionnaires were collected, with 293 (59.67%) male and 73.93% resided in urban areas. The KAP scores were 4.64 ± 3.28, 21.09 ± 2.33 and 26.18 ± 2.15, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school [odd ratio (OR) = 0.346, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.145–0.825, P = 0.017], junior college/bachelor and above (OR = 6.545, 95% CI = 2.863–14.963, P

In recent decades, enhancing underwater images has become a crucial challenge when obtaining high-quality visual information in underwater environment detection, attracting increasing attention. Original underwater images are affected by a variety of underwater environmental factors and exhibit complex degradation phenomena such as low contrast, blurred details, and color distortion. However, most encoder-decoder-based methods fail to restore the details of underwater images due to information loss during downsampling. The noise in images also influences the recovery of underwater images with complex degradation. In order to address these challenges, this paper introduces a simple but effective denoising multiscale back-projection feature fusion network, which represents a novel approach to restoring underwater images with complex degradation. The proposed method incorporates a multiscale back-projection feature fusion mechanism and a denoising block to restore underwater images. Furthermore, we designed a multiple degradation knowledge distillation strategy to extend our method to enhance various types of degraded images, such as snowy images and hazy images. Extensive experiments on the standard datasets demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method. Qualitative and quantitative analyses validate the effectiveness of the model compared to several state-of-the-art models. The proposed method outperforms previous deep learning models in recovering both the blur and color bias of underwater images.

In the current study, we designed and synthesised a novel series of 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione derivatives as cereblon (CRBN) modulators. The results of the CCK8 assay revealed potent antiproliferative activity for the selected compound 10a against NCI-H929 (IC50=2.25 µM) and U239 (IC50=5.86 µM) cell lines. Compound 10a also can inhibit the TNF-α level (IC50=0.76 µM) in LPS stimulated PMBC and showed nearly no toxicity to this normal human cell line. The TR-FRET assay showed compound 10a having potent inhibitory activity against CRBN (IC50=4.83 µM), and the docking study confirmed a nice fitting of 10a into the active sites of CRBN. Further biology studies revealed compound 10a can increase the apoptotic events, arrest the NCI-H929 cells at G0/G1 cell cycle, and induce the ubiquitination degradation of IKZF1 and IKZF3 proteins by CRL4CRBN. These preliminary results suggested that compound 10a could serve as a potential antitumor drug and worthy of further investigation.

BackgroundThe main purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between depression literacy (D-Lit) and the development and progression of depressive mood.MethodsThis longitudinal study with multiple cross-sectional analyses used data from a nationwide online questionnaire administered via the Wen Juan Xing survey platform. Eligible participants were 18 years or older and had subjectively experienced mild depressive moods at the time of their initial enrollment in the study. The follow-up time was 3 months. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to analyze the predictive role of D-Lit on the later development of depressive mood.ResultsWe included 488 individuals with mild depressive moods. No statistically significant correlation between D-Lit and Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) at baseline was observed (adjusted rho = 0.001, p = 0.974). However, after 1 month (adjusted rho = −0.449, p < 0.001) and after 3 months (adjusted rho = −0.759, p < 0.001), D-Lit was significantly and negatively correlated with SDS.LimitationsThe targeted subjects were limited to the Chinese adult social media users; meanwhile, China's current management policies for COVID-19 differ from most of the other countries, limiting the generalizability of this study.ConclusionDespite the limitations, our study provided novel evidence supporting that low depression literacy may be associated with exacerbated development and progression of depressive mood, which, if not appropriately and promptly controlled, may ultimately lead to depression. In the future, we encourage further research to explore the practical and efficient ways to enhance public depression literacy.

In this paper, the tensile mechanical behavior and progressive damage morphology of glass-fiber-reinforced magnesium alloy laminate for different numbers of holes in a temperature range of 25–180 °C were investigated. In addition, based on extensive tensile tests, the tensile mechanical behavior and microscopic damage morphology of porous-glass-fiber-reinforced magnesium alloy laminates at different temperatures were observed by finite element simulation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, the numerical simulation and experimental results were in good accordance with the prediction of mechanical properties and fracture damage patterns of the laminates, the average difference between the residual strength values of the specimens at ambient temperature was 5.57%, and the stress–strain curves were in good agreement. The experimental and finite element analysis results showed that the damaged area of the bonded layer tended to expand with the increase in the number of holes, which has a lesser effect on the ultimate tensile strength. As the temperature increased, the specimens changed from obvious fiber breakage (pull-out) and the resin matrix damage mode to matrix softening damage and interfacial delamination fracture damage. As the testing temperature of the specimens increased from 25 °C to 180 °C, the tensile strength of the specimens decreased by an average of 51.59%, while the tensile strength of the specimens showed a nonlinear decreasing trend. The damage mechanism of porous-glass-fiber-reinforced magnesium alloy laminates at different temperatures is discussed in this paper, which can provide a reference for engineering applications and design.

X-ray grating interferometry (XGI) can provide multiple image modalities. It does so by utilizing three different contrast mechanisms—attenuation, refraction (differential phase-shift), and scattering (dark-field)—in a single dataset. Combining all three imaging modalities could create new opportunities for the characterization of material structure features that conventional attenuation-based methods are unable probe. In this study, we proposed an image fusion scheme based on the non-subsampled contourlet transform and spiking cortical model (NSCT-SCM) to combine the tri-contrast images retrieved from XGI. It incorporated three main steps: (i) image denoising based on Wiener filtering, (ii) the NSCT-SCM tri-contrast fusion algorithm, and (iii) image enhancement using contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization, adaptive sharpening, and gamma correction. The tri-contrast images of the frog toes were used to validate the proposed approach. Moreover, the proposed method was compared with three other image fusion methods by several figures of merit. The experimental evaluation results highlighted the efficiency and robustness of the proposed scheme, with less noise, higher contrast, more information, and better details.

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are increasingly being used in missions involving submarine cable detection, underwater archaeology, pipeline inspection, military reconnaissance, and so on. It is very important to realize AUV path tracking to accomplish these missions. In this paper, a fuzzy controller based on the established kinematic and dynamic models of AUV systems is presented to solve the AUV path-tracking problem. In order to design the fuzzy controller to exhibit good performance, we select the path length, smoothness, and cross-track position error as the multiple optimization performance indexes for the fuzzy controller. We propose the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to determine the parameters of the membership functions. Different scenarios are presented to test the performance of the proposed algorithm, including the straight line, sine curve, half-moon shape, Archimedean spiral, and practical paths. The results are given to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the fuzzy controller with the optimization of multiple performance indexes.

The activation and transformation of C–F bonds in fluoro-aromatics is a highly desirable process in organic chemistry. It provides synthetic methods/protocols for the generation of organic compounds possessing single or multiple C–F bonds, and effective catalytic systems for further study of the activation mode of inert chemical bonds. Due to the high polarity of the C–F bond and it having the highest bond energy in organics, C–F activation often faces considerable academic challenges. In this mini-review, the important research achievements in the activation and transformation of aromatic C–F bond, catalyzed by transition metal and metal-free systems, are presented.

Chordoid glioma (CG), a rare slow-growing brain tumor, mainly occurs in the region of the third ventricle. Although its degree of malignancy is relatively low, its clinical prognosis is poor due to obscure clinical manifestations and the particular growing position. Currently, gross total resection is the best available method for treatment of CG. However, the tumor is located in the deep structure of the brain and close to neurovascular structure so it is difficult to remove completely. This study reported a case of CG of the third ventricle 5 years after surgery of right frontal parietal fibrous meningioma, accompanied with peri and post-operative sodium ion metabolism disorder. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) revealed 25 gene mutations shared by meningioma and CG. In addition, the PRKCAD463H CG marker gene mutation also existed in this patient. We reviewed the latest literature on this rare brain tumor, summarized its clinical manifestations, imaging and pathological characteristics, and discussed the mechanism related to its occurrence and the reasons for sodium ion disorder.

Tyrosinase (TYR) was covalently immobilized onto amino-functionalized carbon felt (CF) surface via glutaraldehyde (GA). Prior to the TYR-immobilization, primary amino group was introduced to the CF surface by treatment with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The resulting TYR-immobilized CF was used as a working electrode unit of an electrochemical flow-through detector for mono- and di-phenolic compounds (i.e., catechol, p-cresol, phenol and p-chlorophenol). Additionally, flow injection peaks based on electroreduction of the enzymatically produced o-quinone species were detected at −0.05 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The resulting TYR/GA/APTES/CF biosensor responded well to all compounds tested with limits of detection range from 7.5 to 35 nmol−1 (based on three times S/N ratio). Moreover, such modified electrode exhibits good stability and reproducibility for catechol. No serious degradation of the peak current was found over 30 consecutive injections.

With the rapid development of computer hardware and the emergence of the parallel calculation of diffraction fields, a breakthrough has been made in terms of the limitation of the unacceptable amount of computational cost to design diffractive optical elements (DOEs), and more accurate global search algorithms can be introduced to the design of complex DOEs and holographic projections instead of traditional iterative algorithms. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm which combines particle swarm optimization (PSO) with a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is proposed for the designing of DOEs and projecting holographic images with less noise. PSO is used to reduce the invalid disturbance in SA, and SA can jump out from local extreme points to find the global extreme points. Compared with the traditional Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm, the simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SA–PSO hybrid algorithm can improve uniformity by more than 10%.

Doubly-selective (DS) fading channel is often occurred in many orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems, such as high-speed rail communication systems and underwater acoustic (UWA) wireless networks. It is challenging to provide an accurate and fast estimation over the doubly-selective channel, due to the strong Doppler shift. This paper addresses the doubly selective channel estimation problem based on complex exponential basis expansion model (CE-BEM) in OFDM systems from the perspective of distributed compressive sensing (DCS). We propose a novel DCS-based improved sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (DCS-IMSAMP) algorithm. The advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it can exploit the joint channel sparsity information using dynamic threshold, variable step size and tailoring mechanism. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves 5dB performance gain with faster operation speed, in comparison with traditional DCS-based sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (DCS-SAMP) algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioremediation is a biotechnological approach to clean up contaminated soils. In this work, the response-surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize a biostimulation process for heavy metal contaminated soils. The results show with the increasing amount of modifier, the soil pH value increased correspondingly. Modifiers can significantly reduce the soil available heavy metals Cu, Zn and Cd content. Therefore, tourmaline and biochar both amend the acidic soil contaminated with heavy metals. However, biochar amendment is better than tourmaline for the acidic soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction is one of the most important and widely used sp²-sp carbon-carbon bond formation reactions in organic synthesis. Up to now, the exact mechanism of the palladium/copper-catalyzed Sonogashira reaction is far from being fully understood, mainly due to the difficulties in clarifying the combination behavior of the two metal catalysts. In this study, DFT calculations have been performed to elucidate the mechanism of the copper-cocatalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction, where bis(triphenylphosphino)palladium was used as a catalyst and Cs2CO3 was applied as a base. In an agreement between theory and experiment, the Cu cycle could favorably generate an I--coordinated copper acetylide as the catalytically active species rather than the generally considered neutral copper acetylide. In addition, the transmetalation is calculated to be the rate-determining step. The results reported herein are expected to have broad mechanistic implications for other bimetal-catalyzed reactions employing metal salts as additives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect and safety of target-dose metoprolol in treating chronic heart failure (CHF) patients complicated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: One hundred and fifty-four elderly patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group (n=77), which were treated with target-dose metoprolol and conventional therapy, and routinely treated respectively. The New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6-min walking distance and medication safety of the two groups were compared. Results: Compared with the results before treatment, the NYHA classification, LVESD, LVEDD, LVEF and 6-minutes walking distance of both groups were significantly improved (P < 0.05), with significantly better results in the observation group than those in the control group after treatment (P < 0.05). In the 6 months of follow-up, the incidence of cardiac events in the observation group (3.90%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (14.29%) (P < 0.05). The levels of average fasting blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin in the groups showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Treating CHF patients complicated with DM with target-dose metoprolol can obviously boost the cardiac function and exercise tolerance, leading to satisfactory clinical therapeutic effect, high security and moderate tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the phonon tunneling through the horizon of an acoustic black hole by solving the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. We also make use of the closed-path integral to calculate the tunneling probability, and an improved way to determine the temporal contribution is used. Both the results from the two methods agree with Hawking's initial analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thirteen triazole polymers were prepared as potential rocket propellant binders by the reactions of various diacetylenes and diazides. The reaction of E300 dipropiolate 1 with diazide 2 obtained from tetraethylene glycol was selected to study the effects of concentration of the tetraacetylene functionalized crosslinker 3 on the mechanical properties of resulting triazole polymers. The modulus of the polymers increased, whereas the strain elongation at failure decreased with increasing percentage of crosslinker. The resulting triazole polymers also showed that the desired mechanical properties could be obtained by adjusting the crosslinker concentration during the polymerization. Addition of 43 wt aluminum filler did not significantly affect the strain. The modulus of these triazole polymers was comparable with typical polyurethane elastomeric matrices for rocket propellants. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performance of a slot-loop antenna with a very narrow outer conductor can be significantly improved by connecting to an extended ground plane whose length is a quarter wavelength. The antenna has a reduced size and wider impedance bandwidth. Simulations have been carried out in the one-wavelength and two-wavelength modes and confirmed by experiments. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 1088–1092, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21608 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]