Search

In this paper, firstly, we study the reinforcement learning algorithm, which is a related technology of knowledge graph, and use reinforcement learning to structure the application framework of health care knowledge graph and construct the domain dictionary. And based on the BitLab21 dataset, entity relationship annotation is performed on the named entity recognition result set to realize entity relationship extraction of clinical electronic medical records. Then, the HacRED dataset is used to evaluate the deep learning model, and comparison tests and ablation experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of reinforcement learning for constructing knowledge graphs, respectively. Finally, a deviation monitoring method and a data feature extraction method for the case dataset are proposed, and a comparative study of different feature extraction methods is conducted to illustrate the advantages of feature fusion in distinguishing abnormal deviation patterns. All three features have relatively good recognition accuracy for normal patterns, which can reach 100%. The error curves perform well, and their training and testing errors converge very quickly to below 0.01 with less than 5 iterations and achieve nearly 100% recognition accuracy. Reinforcement learning-based knowledge mapping of case datasets and feature fusion-based data machine bias detection can improve the efficiency of medical detection.

The roughness of the joint surface plays a significant role in evaluating the shear strength of rock. The waviness (first-order) and unevenness (second-order) of natural joints have different effects on the characterization of joint surface roughness. To accurately quantify the influence of the two-order asperity on the joint roughness coefficient (JRC) prediction of joint surface profile curve, the optimal sampling interval of the asperity was determined through the change of the Rp{R}_{{\rm{p}}} value of the joint surface profile curve. The separation of the two-order asperity of 48 joint surface profile curves was completed at the optimal sampling interval, and morphological parameters of the asperity such as iave{i}_{{\rm{ave}}}, Rmax{R}_{{\rm{\max }}}, and Rp{R}_{{\rm{p}}} were counted from three aspects: asperity angle of the profile curve, asperity degree, and the trace length. Based on the statistical results of the morphological parameters considering the two-order asperity, the new nonlinear prediction models were proposed. The results showed that the curve slope mutation point SI = 2 mm is the optimal separation distance of the two-order asperity of the joint surface profile curve. The refined separation method that considers the waviness and unevenness of morphological parameters can characterize the detailed morphological features of the joint surface in more dimensions. The support vector regression (SVR) and random forest (RF) models that take into account a two-order asperity separated results have higher accuracy than traditional models. The prediction accuracy has improved by 7–8% in SVR model compared with SVR(SO) and RF(SO). The SVR nonlinear model that considering separation of two-orders of joint surface roughness is more suitable for the prediction of JRC.

Designing bifunctional catalysts to reduce the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) reaction barriers while accelerating the reaction kinetics is perceived to be a promising strategy to improve the performance of Zinc–air batteries. Unsymmetric configuration in single‐atom catalysts has attracted attention due to its unique advantages in regulating electron orbitals. In this work, a seesaw effect in unsymmetric Fe–Co bimetallic monoatomic configurations is proposed, which can effectively improve the OER/ORR bifunctional activity of the catalyst. Compared with the symmetrical model of Fe–Co, a strong charge polarization between Co and Fe atoms in the unsymmetric model is detected, in whom the spin‐down electrons around Co atoms are much higher than those spin‐up electrons. The seesaw effect occurred between Co atoms and Fe atoms, resulting in a negative shift of the d‐band center, which means that the adsorption of oxygen intermediates is weakened and more conducive to their dissociation. The optimized reaction kinetics of the catalyst leads to excellent performance in ZABs, with a peak power density of 215 mW cm−2 and stable cycling for >1300 h and >4000 cycles. Flexible Zinc–air batteries have also gained excellent performance to demonstrate their potential in the field of flexible wearables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To enhance the security of vehicular software systems, inversely identifying the underlying function types of binary files plays a key role in threat discovery. However, existing function-type inference (FTI) methods can only provide a suboptimal performance because of splitting binary files into multiple sub-blocks as inputs, which results in breaking the program context logic and complete data dependency. To solve this problem, we propose a novel representation-fused function-type inference (RepFTI) framework for secure vehicular software systems. First, the RepFTI learns semantic representations of assembly codes and then extracts node representations in the function call graph by the multi-head attention mechanism of Graph-Attention Transformer (GAT) models. Second, the RepFTI fuses these representations to accurately infer the function type. With RepFTI, the specific limits of in-vehicle software will be bypassed, which proposes a promising direction for other work that relies on reverse engineering to improve software security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fe single‐atom catalysts (SACs) are a promising catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in both Zn–air batteries (ZABs) but have a certain distance to compete with Pt‐based catalysts. Rational modulation of the coordination environment in the second coordination shell of SACs offers an opportunity to improve the intrinsic ORR activity, yet a challenge. Here, a novel strategy is reported to construct a dual‐metal catalyst by introducing a single Co atom in the second coordination shell of the Fe center. The dual‐metal N3─Fe─N─Co site with a certain Fe─Co distance of 0.312 nm is constructed. It allows for manipulation of the positive shift of the Fe center charge state, driving the d‐band center up‐shift by 0.63 eV, thereby offering the optimal adsorption of intermediates. Benefiting from this structure, the as‐prepared Fe(Co2nd)‐NC enables an excellent ORR activity with a half‐wave potential of 0.948 V in 0.1 M KOH. As a cathode in ZABs, it delivered an outstanding peak power density of 218 mW cm−2 and a specific capacity of 915 mAh gZn−1 at 5 mA cm−2, respectively, with superior long‐term durability over 680 h. The second shell layer alignment regulation strategy shows great potential for energy storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the deterioration of, and the abnormal temperature rise in, the GFRP core rod material of compact V-string composite insulators subjected to prolonged alternating flexural loading under wind-induced stresses. The axial stress on the GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic) core rod, resulting from transverse wind loads, is a focal point of examination. By establishing a stress model and damage model, the paper simulates and computes the evolution of damage in the outer arc material of composite insulator core rods subjected to alternating flexural loads. Additionally, a multi-factor coupled aging platform is set up, integrating humidity, heat, and mechanical stress, to simulate the crazing deterioration process of composite insulators under alternating flexural loads. Experimental results reveal that during 400,000 alternating load cycles, the core rod underwent stages of surface damage, damage increasing, fatigue embrittlement, matrix hydrolysis, and fiber fracture. Simultaneously, the silicone rubber sheath on the outer side of the composite insulator's bending arc develops cracks over aging time, creating pathways for moisture ingress into the interface and core rod. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor of the aging region of the core rod increase to varying degrees compared to the non-aging part. Moreover, the degree of abnormal heating of the samples intensifies with the duration of aging experiments. These findings underscore the significance of understanding the aging and decay-like fracture process of compact line V-string composite insulators. They provide crucial insights for future research aimed at enhancing the material properties of composite insulator core rods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document summarizes a study on the Yongsheng landslide in Southwest China, which occurred on June 4, 2023. The landslide resulted in significant destruction of land and caused the loss of lives. The study analyzes the geological conditions, failure, kinematic characteristics, and causes of the landslide. It identifies factors such as road excavation, mining activities, rainfall, and channel confluence as triggers for the landslide. The study emphasizes the importance of accurate identification, understanding of damage mechanisms, and monitoring systems for landslide disasters in mountainous areas. Further research is needed in this field. [Extracted from the article]

Highlights: An effective method for determining rock discontinuity sets based on the MWOA is proposed. The proposed method has a good clustering effect, convergence speed, and stability The proposed method can determine rock discontinuity sets with little user intervention [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men. Ribosomal protein L22‐like1 (RPL22L1), a component of the ribosomal 60 S subunit, is associated with cancer progression, but the role and potential mechanism of RPL22L1 in PCa remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of RPL22L1 in PCa progression and the mechanisms involved. Bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the expression of RPL22L1 was significantly higher in PCa tissues than in normal prostate tissues. The cell function analysis revealed that RPL22L1 significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells. The data of xenograft tumour assay suggested that the low expression of RPL22L1 inhibited the growth and invasion of PCa cells in vivo. Mechanistically, the results of Western blot proved that RPL22L1 activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in PCa cells. Additionally, LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K/Akt pathway, was used to block this pathway. The results showed that LY294002 remarkably abrogated the oncogenic effect of RPL22L1 on PCa cell proliferation and invasion. Taken together, our study demonstrated that RPL22L1 is a key gene in PCa progression and promotes PCa cell proliferation and invasion via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, thus potentially providing a new target for PCa therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of landslide evolution using archived optical remote-sensing images is common, but it is often limited by the acquisition frequency, cloud cover, and resolution. With the development of space-borne radar observation technology, small baseline subset interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology provides a new technical approach for detecting landslide deformation before disasters. The Sentinel-1A SAR datasets (20170219–20210330) were used to study the time-series deformation characteristics of the Wangjiashan landslide in the Baihetan Reservoir area before its impoundment. The time-series results show that the Wangjiashan landslide was in an initial deformation state in the prior four years, and the deformation first occurred in the middle part and then expanded to the landslide toe and crown retrogressive movement characteristics. Combined with an analysis of field deformation signs, these findings suggest that the upper landslide mass formed a local sliding surface, which caused serious deformation of the road. An analysis of historical rainfall data revealed that the Wangjiashan landslide is sensitive to rainfall, and the deformation is not only significantly correlated with cumulative rainfall but also influenced by concentrated heavy rainfall. The research in this study provides a basis for the monitoring, early warning, and risk management of the Wangjiashan landslide during the impoundment period. This work also provides a useful reference for investigations using space-borne SAR Earth observations in geological disaster prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) has been widely utilized in the power industry due to its high degree of nonlinearity and excellent capability of carrying a large amount of electrical current. Though studies have been conducted to understand the current response of the MOV to step voltages qualitatively, modeling the current-step voltage relationship of the MOV quantitatively has never been reported. This paper presents the investigation into the current responses of the MOV to step voltages with different amplitudes. An equivalent circuit representing the MOV in the whole current region and a method for determining its corresponding circuit parameters are proposed based on the fact that the MOV shows polarized current in the low current region and displays conducting delay effect in the heavy current region. Also in the paper, the current response curves of the MOV under different step voltages are analyzed theoretically and experimentally. In order to obtain the dynamic resistance and the dynamic inductance, the current response curve is formulized quantitatively using the exponential equation when the step voltage is small and a diagrammatizing method is adopted when the step voltage is large. The authors discovered that the equivalent circuit of MOV mainly consisted of four branches: the capacitance branch, two polarized branches (fast-polarized branch and slow-polarized branch), and the nonlinear conducting delay branch. Index Terms--Carrier, equivalent circuit, Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV), nonlinear conducting delay, polarized branch, step voltage.

The earthquake-induced permanent displacement is an important index of the potential damage to a slope during an earthquake. The Newmark method assumes that a slope is a rigid-plastic body, and the seismic responses of sliding masses or seismic forces along the slide plane are ignored. The decoupled method considers no relative displacement across the sliding plane, so it overpredicts the seismic response of the sliding mass. Both dynamic and sliding analyses are performed in the coupled method, but when Ts/Tm is large, the results are unconservative. In this paper, a method is proposed to predict the earthquake-triggered sliding displacement of slopes. The proposed method is based on the Newmark rigid method, coupled method, and decoupled method considering both the forces at the sliding interface and the system dynamics under critical conditions. For the flexible system, the displacements are calculated with different stiffness values, and the results show that as the stiffness increases and tends to infinity, the critical acceleration and displacements of the proposed method are close to those of the Newmark method. The proposed method is also compared with the Newmark method with the period ratio Ts/Tm. At small values of Ts/Tm, the flexible system analysis results of the displacement are more conservative than those of the rigid block model; at larger values of Ts/Tm, the rigid block model is more conservative than the flexible system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an optimal configuration method based on optimal expected power characteristics for micro power supply and energy storage device is proposed, which takes the minimum average fluctuation rate of the total output power characteristics of renewable micro power supply and microgrid as the optimisation objective, respectively. The proposed method can improve the smoothness of the total output power characteristics of the renewable micro power supplies, and effectively reduce the maximum adjustable power and available capacity of the energy storage devices. At last, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by the case study results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Co single atoms were anchored on hierarchical porous carbon for improving ORR. • CNTs were introduced to promote the long-term stability in ZABs. • High power density of 225 mW cm−2 and specific capacity of 906 mA h g−1 are achieved. High-efficiency bifunctional catalysts will improve the sluggish kinetics on the oxygen electrode for rechargeable Zn-air batteries (ZABs). This study designed hierarchical porous carbon to load Co single atoms (SAs) and highly graphitized carbon nanotubes to stabilize carbon substrate for enhancing the activity and stability of oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution. As-prepared bifunctinal catalyst endowed with a smaller overall overpotential delivers superior efficiency in ZABs, outperforming the commercial Pt/C + RuO 2 , with a cycle life over 200 h. This work provides an efficient way to construct Co SAs bifunctional catalysts by introducing multi-dimensional carbon substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a multi-group SVIR epidemic model with age of vaccination is considered. The model allows the vaccinated individuals to become susceptible after the vaccine loses its protective properties, and the vaccination classes satisfy first-order the partial differential equations structured by vaccination age. Combining the Lyapunov functional method with a graph-theoretic approach, we show that the global stability of endemic equilibrium for the strongly connected system is determined by the basic reproduction number. In addition, the dynamics for non-strongly connected model are also investigated, depending on the basic reproduction numbers corresponding to each strongly connected component. Numerical simulations are carried out to support the theoretical conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that perceived size of visual stimuli can be altered by matches between the contents of visual short-term memory and stimuli in the scene. Observers were presented with a colour cue (to hold in working memory or to merely identify) and subsequently had to indicate which of the two different-coloured objects presented simultaneously on the screen appeared bigger (or smaller). One of the two objects for size judgements had the same colour as the cue (matching stimulus) and the other did not (mismatching stimulus). Perceived object size was decreased by the reappearance of the recently seen cue, as there were more size judgement errors on trials where the matching stimulus was physically bigger (relative to the mismatching stimulus) than on trials where the matching stimulus was physically smaller. The effect occurred regardless of whether the visual cue was actively maintained in working memory or was merely identified. The effect was unlikely generated by the allocation of attention, because shifting attention to a visual stimulus actually increased its perceived size. The findings suggest that visual short-term memory, whether explicit or implicit, can decrease the perceived size of subsequent visual stimuli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many potential landslides occured in the Baihetan reservoir area before impoundment. After impoundment, these landslides may still slide, affecting the safe operation of the reservoir area (e.g., causing barrier lakes and floods). Identifying the locations of landslides and their distribution pattern has attracted attention in China and globally. In addition, due to the rolling terrain of the reservoir area, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging will affect the interactive synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) deformation results. Only by obtaining effective deformation information can active landslides be accurately identified. Therefore, the banks of the Hulukou Xiangbiling section of the Baihetan reservoir area before impoundment in the Jinsha River Basin were studied in this paper. Using terrain data and the satellite parameters from Sentinel-1A ascending and descending orbits and ALOS PALSAR ascending orbit, the line-of-sight visibility was quantitatively analyzed, and an analysis method was proposed. Based on the SAR data visibility analysis, the small baseline subset (SBAS) technique was used to process the SAR data to acquire effective deformation. InSAR deformation data was combined with Google Earth imagery to identify 25 active landslides. After field verification, 21 active landslides (14 new) were determined. Most of the active landslides are controlled by faults, and the strata of the other landslides are relatively weak. This InSAR analysis method based on SAR data visibility can provide a reference for identifying and analyzing active landslides in other complicated terrain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• 149 MCJ genes were identified and characterized from Triticeae. • Ta-JA1-2A and Ta-JA1 are highly conservative in T. aestivum , while there are four alleles in T. dicoccoides through the analysis of sequencing data of 2204 accessions. • Six alleles of Ta-JA1 were found in 415 wild emmer, two of which showed higher expression levels than others. The jasmonate-regulated protein Ta-JA1 belongs to the monocot chimeric jacalin (MCJ) family and plays a vital role in stress resistance in wheat. However, the impact of wheat polyploidization on Ta-JA1 remains unclear. In this study, 149 members of the MCJ family were identified among members of Triticeae using a genome-wide approach. The genes were resolved into three clades; MCJ genes in each clade were derived from different donor genes during evolution. Segmental duplication may have been the primary driver, compared with tandem duplication, of expansion in the MCJ family of wheat. Gene loss and acquisition occurred during tetraploidization, and the core expansion of the family occurred after tetraploidization. Sequencing data for 2104 accessions of T. aestivum and 99 accessions of T. dicoccoides showed that Ta-JA1-2A and Ta-JA1 were highly conserved in common wheat, and four alleles (TdJA1-Ax2 , TdJA1-Ay2 , TdJA1-Ax3 , and TdJA1-Ay3) were detected in T. dicoccoides. Using gene-specific markers, one AsJA1-B allele was detected in 11 Ae. speltoides accessions and one TuJA1-Ax1 allele was detected in 70 T. urartu accessions. Six alleles were detected on chromosome 2A: TdJA1-Ax1 (13 accessions), TdJA1-Ay1 (57 accessions), TdJA1-Ax2 (23 accessions), TdJA1-Ay2 (42 accessions), TdJA1-Ax3 (29 accessions), and TdJA1-Ay3 (251 accessions). Only one allele (TdJA1-B) on chromosome 2B was detected in 415 T. dicoccoides accessions. A geographical distribution analysis revealed that Israel hosted higher allelic variation than other regions. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis indicated that divergence in expression has occurred among Ta-JA1 alleles and, notably, TdJA1-Ax1 and TdJA1-Ay1 showed significantly higher expression levels than the other four allelic types in T. dicoccoides. The present results contribute to an improved understanding of the effects of polyploidization on the MCJ gene family and the functions of Ta-JA1 , and may be useful to enrich common wheat germplasm resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A supplementary quantified approach for the GSI system is proposed by focusing on improving the GSI and the rock mass disturbance factor ( D ). The surface condition rating ( SCR ), the structure plane condition factor ( J c ), the rock mass basic quality index ( BQ ), and the rock mass structure rating ( SR ) are used in the proposed method. An improved formula for the disturbance factor ( D ) using the BQ is established. With this method, the GSI value is a set of possible numbers within given intervals rather than a constant value. The relationship between the GSI and rock mass D reflects not only the disturbance degree of the rock mass from the wave velocity but also the difference in the disturbance degree from the strength, which increases the accuracy of the D value. In addition, because of the value of the standard differences among the SCR , J c , BQ and SR , the GSI region may be considerably wider due to quantification factors with larger differences. Thus, the method of measuring the interval value can maximize error reductions, and intermediate interval values are recommended for use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• 2.7 nm NiP amorphous quantum dots were prepared by metal-support interaction. • Fe/N/C support tunes the NiP quantum dots electron structure configuration. • Overpotential of 242 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and Tafel slopes of 47 mV dec−1 are achieved. Amorphous nickel phosphorus (NiP) is regarded as one of the most promising efficient catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, amorphous NiP quantum dots with a diameter of 2.7 nm were successfully prepared by metal-Fe/N/C support interaction. Owing to the high specific surface areas, the abundant defects caused by N-doping, and the charge transfer between Fe single atoms and NiP, amorphous NiP quantum dots achieve a low overpotential of 242 mV at 10 mA cm−2. This work provides an efficient way to construct amorphous quantum dots by strong metal-support interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]