32 results on '"Yejin Cho"'
Search Results
2. Role of histamine-mediated macrophage differentiation in clearance of metastatic bacterial infection
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Kwang H. Kim, Donghwan Park, Soo Young Cho, Yejin Cho, Buhyun Lee, Haengdueng Jeong, Yura Lee, Yourim Lee, and Ki Taek Nam
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histamine ,macrophage differentiation ,bacterial infection ,single-cell RNA sequencing ,peritoneal cells ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Macrophages are highly heterogeneous immune cells with a role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, especially in activating the defense response to bacterial infection. Using flow cytometric and single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses of peritoneal cells, we here show that small peritoneal macrophage and immature macrophage populations are enriched in histamine-deficient (Hdc-/-) mice, characterized by a CD11bmiF4/80loCCR2+MHCIIhi and CD11bloF4/80miTHBS1+IL-1α+ phenotype, respectively. Molecular characterization revealed that immature macrophages represent an abnormally differentiated form of large peritoneal macrophages with strong inflammatory properties. Furthermore, deficiency in histamine signaling resulted in significant impairment of the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophage populations, conferring high susceptibility to bacterial infection. Collectively, this study reveals the importance of histamine signaling in macrophage differentiation at the molecular level to maintain tissue homeostasis, offering a potential therapeutic target for bacterial infection-mediated diseases.
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- 2023
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3. Role of Nox4 in Mitigating Inflammation and Fibrosis in Dextran Sulfate Sodium–Induced Colitis
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Yura Lee, Sung-Hee Kim, Haengdueng Jeong, Kwang H. Kim, Donghun Jeon, Yejin Cho, Daekee Lee, and Ki Taek Nam
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Fibrostenotic CD ,T-Cell Lineage Commitment ,RNA-Sequencing ,Oxidative Stress ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background & Aims: Fibrosis development in ulcerative colitis is associated directly with the severity of mucosal inflammation, which increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway is an important source of tissue fibrogenesis, which is stimulated directly by reactive oxygen species produced from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOX). Among members of the NOX family, NOX4 expression is up-regulated in patients with fibrostenotic Crohn's disease (CD) and in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis. The aim of this study was to determine whether NOX4 plays a role in fibrogenesis during inflammation in the colon using a mouse model. Methods: Acute and recovery models of colonic inflammation were performed by DSS administration to newly generated Nox4-/- mice. Pathologic analysis of colon tissues was performed, including detection of immune cells, proliferation, and fibrotic and inflammatory markers. RNA sequencing was performed to detect differentially expressed genes between Nox4-/- and wild-type mice in both the untreated and DSS-treated conditions, followed by functional enrichment analysis to explore the molecular mechanisms contributing to pathologic differences during DSS-induced colitis and after recovery. Results: Nox4-/- mice showed increased endogenous TGF-β signaling in the colon, increased reactive oxygen species levels, intensive inflammation, and an increased fibrotic region after DSS treatment compared with wild-type mice. Bulk RNA sequencing confirmed involvement of canonical TGF-β signaling in fibrogenesis of the DSS-induced colitis model. Up-regulation of TGF-β signaling affects collagen activation and T-cell lineage commitment, increasing the susceptibility for inflammation. Conclusions: Nox4 protects against injury and plays a crucial role in fibrogenesis in DSS-induced colitis through canonical TGF-β signaling regulation, highlighting a new treatment target.
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- 2023
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4. Histamine Signaling Is Essential for Tissue Macrophage Differentiation and Suppression of Bacterial Overgrowth in the StomachSummary
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Kwang H. Kim, Jihwan Park, Yejin Cho, Soo Young Cho, Buhyun Lee, Haengdueng Jeong, Yura Lee, Ja-Woon Yi, Yeseul Oh, Jin-Jae Lee, Timothy C. Wang, Kyung-Min Lim, and Ki Taek Nam
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Histidine Decarboxylase ,Macrophage ,Hypertrophic Gastropathy ,Stomach ,Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ,RC799-869 - Abstract
Background & Aims: Histamine in the stomach traditionally is considered to regulate acid secretion but also has been reported to participate in macrophage differentiation, which plays an important role in tissue homeostasis. Therefore, this study aimed to uncover the precise role of histamine in mediating macrophage differentiation and in maintaining stomach homeostasis. Methods: Here, we expand on this role using histidine decarboxylase knockout (Hdc-/-) mice with hypertrophic gastropathy. In-depth in vivo studies were performed in Hdc-/- mice, germ-free Hdc-/- mice, and bone-marrow–transplanted Hdc-/- mice. The stomach macrophage populations and function were characterized by flow cytometry. To identify stomach macrophages and find the new macrophage population, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on Hdc+/+ and Hdc-/- stomach tissues. Results: Single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry of the stomach cells of Hdc-/- mice showed alterations in the ratios of 3 distinct tissue macrophage populations (F4/80+Il1bhigh, F4/80+CD93+, and F4/80-MHC class IIhighCD74high). Tissue macrophages of the stomachs of Hdc-/- mice showed impaired phagocytic activity, increasing the bacterial burden of the stomach and attenuating hypertrophic gastropathy in germ-free Hdc-/- mice. The transplantation of bone marrow cells of Hdc+/+ mice to Hdc-/- mice recovered the normal differentiation of stomach macrophages and relieved the hypertrophic gastropathy of Hdc-/- mice. Conclusions: This study showed the importance of histamine signaling in tissue macrophage differentiation and maintenance of gastric homeostasis through the suppression of bacterial overgrowth in the stomach.
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- 2023
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5. Gut microbiota of the young ameliorates physical fitness of the aged in mice
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Kwang H. Kim, Yusook Chung, Ji-Won Huh, Dong Jin Park, Yejin Cho, Yeseul Oh, Haengdueng Jeong, Jaekyung Yoon, Ju-Hee Kang, Hae-Sol Shin, Hyoung-Chin Kim, Soon-Kyeong Kwon, Kyoung Yul Seo, Seung Hyun Oh, Je Kyung Seong, Sang-Jun Ha, Ki Taek Nam, and Jihyun F. Kim
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Programmed aging ,C57BL/6 ,Microbiome ,Sarcopenia ,Ki-67 ,Microbial ecology ,QR100-130 - Abstract
Abstract Background Aging is a natural process that an organism gradually loses its physical fitness and functionality. Great efforts have been made to understand and intervene in this deteriorating process. The gut microbiota affects host physiology, and dysbiosis of the microbial community often underlies the pathogenesis of host disorders. The commensal microbiota also changes with aging; however, the interplay between the microbiota and host aging remains largely unexplored. Here, we systematically examined the ameliorating effects of the gut microbiota derived from the young on the physiology and phenotypes of the aged. Results As the fecal microbiota was transplanted from young mice at 5 weeks after birth into 12-month-old ones, the thickness of the muscle fiber and grip strength were increased, and the water retention ability of the skin was enhanced with thickened stratum corneum. Muscle thickness was also marginally increased in 25-month-old mice after transferring the gut microbiota from the young. Bacteria enriched in 12-month-old mice that received the young-derived microbiota significantly correlated with the improved host fitness and altered gene expression. In the dermis of these mice, transcription of Dbn1 was most upregulated and DBN1-expressing cells increased twice. Dbn1-heterozygous mice exhibited impaired skin barrier function and hydration. Conclusions We revealed that the young-derived gut microbiota rejuvenates the physical fitness of the aged by altering the microbial composition of the gut and gene expression in muscle and skin. Dbn1, for the first time, was found to be induced by the young microbiota and to modulate skin hydration. Our results provide solid evidence that the gut microbiota from the young improves the vitality of the aged. Video Abstract
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- 2022
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6. Sexually dimorphic leanness and hypermobility in p16 Ink4a /CDKN2A-deficient mice coincides with phenotypic changes in the cerebellum
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Kwang H. Kim, Yejin Cho, Jaehoon Lee, Haengdueng Jeong, Yura Lee, Soo In Kim, Chang-Hoon Kim, Han-Woong Lee, and Ki Taek Nam
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract p16 Ink4a /CDKN2A is a tumor suppressor that critically regulates the cell cycle. Indeed, p16 Ink4a deficiency promotes tumor formation in various tissues. We now report that p16 Ink4a deficiency in female mice, but not male mice, induces leanness especially in old age, as indicated by lower body weight and smaller white adipose tissue, although other major organs are unaffected. Unexpectedly, the integrity, number, and sizes of adipocytes in white adipose tissue were unaffected, as was macrophage infiltration. Hence, hypermobility appeared to be accountable for the phenotype, since food consumption was not altered. Histological analysis of the cerebellum and deep cerebellar nuclei, a vital sensorimotor control center, revealed increased proliferation of neuronal cells and improved cerebellum integrity. Expression of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and PCNA also increased in deep cerebellar nuclei, implying crosstalk between p16 Ink4a and ERβ. Furthermore, p16 Ink4a deficiency expands LC3B+ cells and GFAP+ astrocytes in response to estrogen. Collectively, the data suggest that loss of p16 INK4a induces sexually dimorphic leanness in female mice, which appears to be due to protection against cerebellar senescence by promoting neuronal proliferation and homeostasis via ERβ.
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- 2019
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7. Disruption of the Tff1 gene in mice using CRISPR/Cas9 promotes body weight reduction and gastric tumorigenesis
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Hyejeong Kim, Haengdueng Jeong, Yejin Cho, Jaehoon Lee, Ki Taek Nam, and Han-Woong Lee
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Tff1 ,gastric cancer ,CRISPR/Cas9 ,Tff1-knockout mouse ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract Trefoil factor 1 (TFF1, also known as pS2) is strongly expressed in the gastrointestinal mucosa and plays a critical role in the differentiation of gastric glands. Since approximately 50% of all human gastric cancers are associated with decreased TFF1 expression, it is considered a tumor suppressor gene. Tff1 deficiency in mice results in histological changes in the antral and pyloric gastric mucosa, with severe hyperplasia and dysplasia of epithelial cells, resulting in the development of antropyloric adenoma. Here, we generated Tff1-knockout (KO) mice, without a neomycin resistant (NeoR) cassette, using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (CRSIPR/Cas9) system. Though our Tff1-KO mice showed phenotypes very similar to the previous embryonic stem (ES)-cell-based KO mice, they differed from the previous reports in that a reduction in body weight was observed in males. These results demonstrate that these newly established Tff1-KO mice are useful tools for investigating genetic and environmental factors influencing gastric cancer, without the effects of artificial gene insertion. Furthermore, these findings suggest a novel hypothesis that Tff1 expression influences gender differences.
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- 2018
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8. Lysates of a Probiotic, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Can Improve Skin Barrier Function in a Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model
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Ye-On Jung, Haengdueng Jeong, Yejin Cho, Eun-Ok Lee, Hye-Won Jang, Jinwook Kim, Ki Taek Nam, and Kyung-Min Lim
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probiotic ,Lactobacillus rhamnosus ,skin barrier ,skin ,reconstructed human epidermis model ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The main function of the skin is to protect the body from the external environment. The barrier function of the skin is mainly provided by the stratum corneum, which consists of corneocytes bound with the corneodesmosomes and lamellar lipids. Skin barrier proteins like loricrin and filaggrin also contribute to the skin barrier function. In various skin diseases, skin barrier dysfunction is a common symptom, and skin irritants like detergents or surfactants could also perturb skin barrier function. Many efforts have been made to develop strategies to improve skin barrier function. Here, we investigated whether the microfluidized lysates of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), one of the most widely used probiotic species for various health benefits, may improve the skin barrier function in a reconstructed human epidermis, Keraskin™. Application of LR lysate on Keraskin™ increased the expression of tight junction proteins; claudin 1 and occludin as determined by immunofluorescence analysis, and skin barrier proteins; loricrin and filaggrin as determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis and qPCR. Also, the cytotoxicity of a skin irritant, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), was alleviated by the pretreatment of LR lysate. The skin barrier protective effects of LR lysate could be further demonstrated by the attenuation of SLS-enhanced dye-penetration. LR lysate also attenuated the destruction of desmosomes after SLS treatment. Collectively, we demonstrated that LR lysate has protective effects on the skin barrier, which could expand the utility of probiotics to skin-moisturization ingredients.
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- 2019
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9. Therapeutic delivery of CCL2 modulates immune response and restores host-microbe homeostasis.
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Shehabeldin, Mostafa, Jin Gao, Yejin Cho, Rong Chong, Tabib, Tracy, Lu Li, Smardz, Matthew, Gaffen, Sarah L., Diaz, Patricia I., Lafyatis, Robert, Little, Steven R., and Sfeir, Charles
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RNA ,ORAL microbiology ,PROTEIN kinases ,HOMEOSTASIS ,PERIODONTAL disease - Abstract
Many chronic inflammatory diseases are attributed to disturbances in host-microbe interactions, which drive immune-mediated tissue damage. Depending on the anatomic setting, a chronic inflammatory disease can exert unique local and systemic influences, which provide an exceptional opportunity for understanding disease mechanism and testing therapeutic interventions. The oral cavity is an easily accessible environment that allows for protective interventions aiming at modulating the immune response to control disease processes driven by a breakdown of host-microbe homeostasis. Periodontal disease (PD) is a prevalent condition in which quantitative and qualitative changes of the oral microbiota (dysbiosis) trigger nonresolving chronic inflammation, progressive bone loss, and ultimately tooth loss. Here, we demonstrate the therapeutic benefit of local sustained delivery of the myeloid-recruiting chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in murine ligature-induced PD using clinically relevant models as a preventive, interventional, or reparative therapy. Local delivery of CCL2 into the periodontium inhibited bone loss and accelerated bone gain that could be ascribed to reduced osteoclasts numbers. CCL2 treatment up-regulated M2-macrophage and downregulated proinflammatory and pro-osteoclastic markers. Furthermore, single-cell ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing indicated that CCL2 therapy reversed disease-associated transcriptomic profiles of murine gingival macrophages via inhibiting the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) signaling in classically activated macrophages and inducing protein kinase A (PKA) signaling in infiltrating macrophages. Finally, 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequencing showed mitigation of microbial dysbiosis in the periodontium that correlated with a reduction in microbial load in CCL2-treated mice. This study reveals a novel protective effect of CCL2 local delivery in PD as a model for chronic inflammatory diseases caused by a disturbance in host-microbe homeostasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Role of histamine-mediated macrophage differentiation in clearance of metastatic bacterial infection.
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Kim, Kwang H., Donghwan Park, Soo Young Cho, Yejin Cho, Buhyun Lee, Haengdueng Jeong, Yura Lee, Yourim Lee, and Ki Taek Nam
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BACTERIAL diseases ,PERITONEAL macrophages ,MACROPHAGES ,CELL analysis ,METASTASIS - Abstract
Macrophages are highly heterogeneous immune cells with a role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, especially in activating the defense response to bacterial infection. Using flow cytometric and single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses of peritoneal cells, we here show that small peritoneal macrophage and immature macrophage populations are enriched in histamine-deficient (Hdc
-/- ) mice, characterized by a CD11bmi F4/80lo CCR2+ MHCIIhi and CD11blo F4/80mi THBS1+ IL-1α+ phenotype, respectively. Molecular characterization revealed that immature macrophages represent an abnormally differentiated form of large peritoneal macrophages with strong inflammatory properties. Furthermore, deficiency in histamine signaling resulted in significant impairment of the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophage populations, conferring high susceptibility to bacterial infection. Collectively, this study reveals the importance of histamine signaling in macrophage differentiation at the molecular level to maintain tissue homeostasis, offering a potential therapeutic target for bacterial infection-mediated diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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11. Exploring the multifaceted factors affecting pork meat quality
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Sriniwas Pandey, Sheena Kim, Eun Sol Kim, Gi Beom Keum, Hyunok Doo, Jinok Kwak, Sumin Ryu, Yejin Choi, Juyoun Kang, Haram Kim, Yeongjae Chae, Kuk-Hwan Seol, Sun Moon Kang, Yunseok Kim, Pil Nam Seong, In-Seon Bae, Soo-Hyun Cho, Samooel Jung, and Hyeun Bum Kim
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Pig ,Meat quality ,Pork ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
The significance of pork meat quality extends far beyond mere consumer satisfaction, encompassing crucial aspects such as health and nutrition, economic impact, reputation and branding, food safety, and sustainability within the global food system. Influenced by a multitude of factors, each playing a pivotal role in shaping its sensory attributes and consumer appeal, pork meat quality stands as a cornerstone of the meat industry. Thus, understanding these factors are imperative for ensuring consistent high-quality pork production, aligning with consumer preferences, and elevating overall satisfaction levels. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the diverse factors affecting pork meat quality, including genetic characteristics, rearing systems, feed composition, gender differences, pre-slaughter handling, and meat aging processes.
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- 2024
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12. Investigation of the impact of multi-strain probiotics containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae on porcine production
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Sheena Kim, Jinho Cho, Gi Beom Keum, Jinok Kwak, Hyunok Doo, Yejin Choi, Juyoun Kang, Haram Kim, Yeongjae Chae, Eun Sol Kim, Minho Song, and Hyeun Bum Kim
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Complex probiotics ,Growth performance ,Gut health ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Swine ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
A balanced intestinal microbiome controls intestinal bacterial diseases, helps regulate immunity, and digests and utilizes nutrients, ultimately having a positive effect on the productivity of industrial animals. Yeasts help in the digestion process by breaking down indigestible fibers and producing organic acids, vitamins, and minerals. In particular, polysaccharides such as beta-glucan and mannan-oligosaccharides, which are present in the cell wall of yeast, inhibit the adhesion of pathogens to the surface of the gastrointestinal tract and increase resistance to disease to help maintain and improve intestinal health. Among the yeast additives used in animal feed, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most commonly used probiotics. However, it does not naturally reside in the intestine, so if it is supplied in combination with other species of probiotics that can compensate for it, many benefits and synergies can be expected for pigs in terms of maintaining intestinal health such as supplementing the immune system and improving digestion. A number of previous studies have demonstrated that dietary complex probiotic supplementation has growth-promoting effects in pigs, suggesting that multiple strains of probiotics may be more effective than single strain probiotics due to their additive and synergistic effects. In practice, however, the effects of complex probiotics are not always consistent, and can be influenced by a variety of factors. Therefore, this review comprehensively examines and discusses the literature related to the effects of complex probiotics using Saccharomyces cerevisiae in pig production.
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- 2024
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13. High production of ectoine from methane in genetically engineered Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z by preventing ectoine degradation
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Sang Eun Lim, Sukhyeong Cho, Yejin Choi, Jeong-Geol Na, and Jinwon Lee
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Methane ,Methanotroph ,Ectoine ,Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z ,Nitrogen source ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Abstract Background Methane is a greenhouse gas with a significant potential to contribute to global warming. The biological conversion of methane to ectoine using methanotrophs represents an environmentally and economically beneficial technology, combining the reduction of methane that would otherwise be combusted and released into the atmosphere with the production of value-added products. Results In this study, high ectoine production was achieved using genetically engineered Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z, a methanotrophic ectoine-producing bacterium, by knocking out doeA, which encodes a putative ectoine hydrolase, resulting in complete inhibition of ectoine degradation. Ectoine was confirmed to be degraded by doeA to N-α-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate under nitrogen depletion conditions. Optimal copper and nitrogen concentrations enhanced biomass and ectoine production, respectively. Under optimal fed-batch fermentation conditions, ectoine production proportionate with biomass production was achieved, resulting in 1.0 g/L of ectoine with 16 g/L of biomass. Upon applying a hyperosmotic shock after high–cell–density culture, 1.5 g/L of ectoine was obtained without further cell growth from methane. Conclusions This study suggests the optimization of a method for the high production of ectoine from methane by preventing ectoine degradation. To our knowledge, the final titer of ectoine obtained by M. alcaliphilum 20ZDP3 was the highest in the ectoine production from methane to date. This is the first study to propose ectoine production from methane applying high cell density culture by preventing ectoine degradation.
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- 2024
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14. Antibiotic resistance in livestock, environment and humans: One Health perspective
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Sriniwas Pandey, Hyunok Doo, Gi Beom Keum, Eun Sol Kim, Jinok Kwak, Sumin Ryu, Yejin Choi, Juyoun Kang, Sheena Kim, Na Rae Lee, Kwang Kyo Oh, Ju-Hoon Lee, and Hyeun Bum Kim
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Antibiotic resistance ,Livestock ,Human ,Environment ,One Health ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
Antibiotic resistance (AR) is a complex, multifaceted global health issue that poses a serious threat to livestock, humans, and the surrounding environment. It entails several elements and numerous potential transmission routes and vehicles that contribute to its development and spread, making it a challenging issue to address. AR is regarded as an One Health issue, as it has been found that livestock, human, and environmental components, all three domains are interconnected, opening up channels for transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB). AR has turned out to be a critical problem mainly because of the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, with the anticipation of 10 million annual AR-associated deaths by 2050. The fact that infectious diseases induced by ARB are no longer treatable with antibiotics foreshadows an uncertain future in the context of health care. Hence, the One Health approach should be emphasized to reduce the impact of AR on livestock, humans, and the environment, ensuring the longevity of the efficacy of both current and prospective antibiotics.
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- 2024
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15. Complete genome sequence of Enterococcus faecium strain AK_C_05 with potential characteristics applicable in livestock industry
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Hyunok Doo, Jin Ho Cho, Minho Song, Eun Sol Kim, Sheena Kim, Gi Beom Keum, Jinok Kwak, Sriniwas Pandey, Sumin Ryu, Yejin Choi, Juyoun Kang, Hyeun Bum Kim, and Ju-Hoon Lee
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Enterococcus faecium ,Livestock ,Carbohydrates ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
The Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) strain AK_C_05 was isolated from cheonggukjang, the Korean traditional food, collected from a local market in South Korea. In this report, we presented the complete genome sequence of E. faecium strain AK_C_05. The genome of E. faecium strain AK_C_05 genome consisted of one circular chromosome (2,691,319 bp) with a guanine + cytosine (GC) content of 38.3% and one circular plasmid (177,732 bp) with a GC content of 35.48%. The Annotation results revealed 2,827 protein-coding sequences (CDSs), 18 rRNAs, and 68 tRNA genes. It possesses genes, which encodes enzymes such as alpha-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22), beta-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) and alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.55) enabling efficient utilization of carbohydrates. Based on Clusters of Orthologous Groups analysis, E. faecium strain AK_C_05 showed specialization in carbohydrate transport and metabolism indicating the ability to generate energy using a variety of carbohydrates.
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- 2024
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16. Human gastric microbiota transplantation recapitulates premalignant lesions in germ-free mice.
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Soon-Kyeong Kwon, Jun Chul Park, Kim, Kwang H., Jaekyung Yoon, Yejin Cho, Buhyun Lee, Jin-Jae Lee, Haengdueng Jeong, Yeseul Oh, Sung-Hee Kim, So Dam Lee, Bo Ram Hwang, Yusook Chung, Kim, Jihyun F., Ki Taek Nam, and Yong Chan Lee
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HELICOBACTER pylori infections ,HUMAN microbiota ,PRECANCEROUS conditions ,BACTERIAL colonies ,MICE ,MEDICAL sciences ,FLAVOBACTERIALES ,STREPTOCOCCUS - Published
- 2022
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17. A CMOS Inverter-Based Active Feedback Transimpedance Amplifier
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Somi Park, Sunkyung Lee, Bobin Seo, Yejin Choi, Yunji Song, Yeojin Chon, Shinhae Choi, and Sung-Min Park
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active feedback ,APD ,CMOS ,inverter ,TIA ,Applied optics. Photonics ,TA1501-1820 - Abstract
This paper presents an inverter-based active feedback transimpedance amplifier (IAF-TIA), in which an active feedback is applied to a voltage-mode inverter-based TIA, and therefore, the controlled positive regeneration process enables the proposed IAF-TIA to achieve the limiting operations for input currents greater than 100 μApp. However, the active inverter feedback mechanism might be prone to instability, hence mandating a very careful optimization of the loop gain. For this purpose, a diode-connected NMOS transistor is employed as a switch in the feedback path with its gate connected to the input, which helps not only to mitigate the corresponding issue but also to accommodate large input currents up to 1.5 mApp. The proposed IAF-TIA implemented in a standard 180 nm CMOS process demonstrates a 70.5 dBΩ transimpedance gain, 1.21 GHz bandwidth, 4.3 pA/Hz noise current spectral density, 63.5 dB input dynamic range, and 23.6 mW power dissipation from a single 1.8 V supply. The chip core occupies an area of 180 × 50 μm2, including an on-chip P+/N-well/Deep N-well avalanche photodiode as an optical detector.
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- 2024
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18. Evaluation of Fluid Behaviors in a Pushbutton-Activated Microfluidic Device for User-Independent Flow Control
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Dong Hyun Han, Gihyun Lee, Untaek Oh, Yejin Choi, and Je-Kyun Park
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pushbutton-activated microfluidic device ,point-of-care testing ,power-free microfluidics ,flow behavior ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 - Abstract
Although numerous studies have been conducted to realize ideal point-of-care testing (POCT), the development of a user-friendly and user-independent power-free microfluidic platform is still a challenge. Among various methods, the finger-actuation method shows a promising technique that provides a user-friendly and equipment-free way of delivering fluid in a designated manner. However, the design criteria and elaborate evaluation of the fluid behavior of a pushbutton-activated microfluidic device (PAMD) remain a critical bottleneck to be widely adopted in various applications. In this study, we have evaluated the fluid behavior of the PAMD based on various parameters, such as pressing velocity and depth assisted by a press machine. We have further developed a user-friendly and portable pressing block that reduces user variation in fluid behavior based on the evaluation.
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- 2024
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19. Cutting-edge knowledge on the roles of phytobiotics and their proposed modes of action in swine
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Sriniwas Pandey, Eun Sol Kim, Jin Ho Cho, Minho Song, Hyunok Doo, Sheena Kim, Gi Beom Keum, Jinok Kwak, Sumin Ryu, Yejin Choi, Juyoun Kang, Jeehwan Choe, and Hyeun Bum Kim
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phytobiotics ,swine ,health ,growth performance ,modes of action ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
With the ban on antibiotics in the swine industry, the exploration of alternative options has highlighted phytobiotics as a promising substitute for antibiotic growth promoters, aiming to foster a more sustainable swine industry. Phytobiotics are non-nutritive natural bioactive components derived from plants that offer numerous health benefits. They exhibit antioxidative, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects. Phytobiotics can be utilized in various forms, including solid, dried, ground, or as extracts, either in crude or concentrated form. They are characterized by low residual levels, a lack of resistance development, and minimal adverse effects. These qualities make phytobiotics an attractive choice for enhancing health and productivity in swine, presenting them as a viable alternative to antibiotics. While there is a general understanding of the effects of phytobiotics, there is still a need for detailed information regarding their effectiveness and mechanisms of action in practical settings. Therefore, the purpose of this mini review was to summarize the current knowledge supporting the roles of phytobiotics and their proposed modes of action, with a specific focus on swine.
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- 2023
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20. Development of the standard mouse model for human bacterial vaginosis induced by Gardnerella vaginalis
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Jinok Kwak, Sriniwas Pandey, Jinho Cho, Minho Song, Eun Sol Kim, Hyunok Doo, Gi Beom Keum, Sumin Ryu, Yejin Choi, Juyoun Kang, Sheena Kim, Jeongyun Kim, and Hyeun Bum Kim
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Gardnerella vaginalis ,bacterial vaginosis ,mouse model ,epithelial exfoliation ,cytokine ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a polymicrobial syndrome characterized by a diminished number of protective bacteria in the vaginal flora. Instead, it is accompanied by a significant increase in facultative and strict anaerobes, including Gardnerella vaginalis (G. vaginalis). BV is one of the most common gynecological problems experienced by reproductive age-women. Because an ideal and standard animal model for human BV induced by G. vaginalis is still underdeveloped, the main objective of this study was to develop a mouse model for human BV induced by G. vaginalis to demonstrate the clinical attributes observed in BV patients. A total of 80 female ICR mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups and intravaginally inoculated with different doses of G. vaginalis: NC (uninfected negative control), PC1 (inoculated with 1 × 105 CFU of G. vaginalis), PC2 (inoculated with 1 × 106 CFU of G. vaginalis) and PC3 (inoculated with 1 × 107 CFU of G. vaginalis). The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and serum concentrations of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-10) in mice administered with G. vaginalis were significantly higher than those of the control group. Gross lesion and histopathological analysis of reproductive tract of mice inoculated with G. vaginalis showed inflammation and higher epithelial cell exfoliation compared to the control group. In addition, vaginal swabs from the mice inoculated with G. vaginalis showed the presence of clue cells, which are a characteristic feature of human BV. Altogether, our results suggested that G. vaginalis is sufficient to generate comparable clinical attributes seen in patients with BV.
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- 2023
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21. Intron turnover is essential to the development and pathogenicity of the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum
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Yejin Choi, Hyun-Hee Lee, Jiyeun Park, Sieun Kim, Soyoung Choi, Heeji Moon, Jiyoung Shin, Jung-Eun Kim, Gyung Ja Choi, Young-Su Seo, and Hokyoung Son
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
RNA lariat debranching enzyme Dbr1 is required for intron turnover in the fungal plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum , and accumulation of lariat RNA affects its development and pathogenesis.
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- 2022
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22. Swine gut microbiome associated with non-digestible carbohydrate utilization
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Sriniwas Pandey, Eun Sol Kim, Jin Ho Cho, Minho Song, Hyunok Doo, Sheena Kim, Gi Beom Keum, Jinok Kwak, Sumin Ryu, Yejin Choi, Juyoun Kang, Jeong Jae Lee, and Hyeun Bum Kim
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pigs ,non-digestible carbohydrates ,bacteria ,fermentation ,nutrition ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Non-digestible carbohydrates are an unavoidable component in a pig’s diet, as all plant-based feeds contain different kinds of non-digestible carbohydrates. The major types of non-digestible carbohydrates include non-starch polysaccharides (such as cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose), resistant starch, and non-digestible oligosaccharides (such as fructo-oligosaccharide and xylo-oligosaccharide). Non-digestible carbohydrates play a significant role in balancing the gut microbial ecology and overall health of the swine by promoting the production of short chain fatty acids. Although non-digestible carbohydrates are rich in energy, swine cannot extract this energy on their own due to the absence of enzymes required for their degradation. Instead, they rely on gut microbes to utilize these carbohydrates for energy production. Despite the importance of non-digestible carbohydrate degradation, limited studies have been conducted on the swine gut microbes involved in this process. While next-generation high-throughput sequencing has aided in understanding the microbial compositions of the swine gut, specific information regarding the bacteria involved in non-digestible carbohydrate degradation remains limited. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate and comprehend the bacteria responsible for the breakdown of non-digestible carbohydrates in the gut. In this mini review, we have discussed the major bacteria involved in the fermentation of different types of non-digestible carbohydrates in the large intestine of swine, shedding light on their potential roles and contributions to swine nutrition and health.
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- 2023
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23. Intrinsic expression of viperin regulates thermogenesis in adipose tissues.
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Eom, John, Jeong Jin Kim, Seul Gi Yoon, Haengdueng Jeong, Soojin Son, Jae Bong Lee, Jihye Yoo, Hyun Ju Seo, Yejin Cho, Ku Sul Kim, Kyung Mi Choi, Il Yong Kim, Hui-Young Lee, Ki Taek Nam, Cresswell, Peter, Je Kyung Seong, and Jun-Young Seo
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ADIPOSE tissues ,HIGH-fat diet ,KNOCKOUT mice ,BODY temperature regulation ,FATTY acids - Abstract
Viperin is an interferon (IFN)-inducible multifunctional protein. Recent evidence from high-throughput analyses indicates that most IFN-inducible proteins, including viperin, are intrinsically expressed in specific tissues; however, the respective intrinsic functions are unknown. Here we show that the intrinsic expression of viperin regulates adipose tissue thermogenesis, which is known to counter metabolic disease and contribute to the febrile response to pathogen invasion. Viperin knockout mice exhibit increased heat production, resulting in a reduction of fat mass, improvement of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced glucose tolerance, and enhancement of cold tolerance. These thermogenic phenotypes are attributed to an adipocyte-autonomous mechanism that regulates fatty acid â-oxidation. Under an HFD, viperin expression is increased, and its function is enhanced. Our findings reveal the intrinsic function of viperin as a novel mechanism regulating thermogenesis in adipose tissues, suggesting that viperin represents a molecular target for thermoregulation in clinical contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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24. Sequential Protein-Responsive Nanophotosensitizer Complex for Enhancing Tumor-Specific Therapy.
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Xingshu Li, Huanhuan Fan, Tian Guo, Huarong Bai, Nahyun Kwon, Kim, Kwang H., Sungsook Yu, Yejin Cho, Hyunji Kim, Ki Taek Nam, Juyoung Yoon, Xiao-Bing Zhang, and Weihong Tan
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- 2019
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25. Correction: Digital Device Exposure and Cognition Levels of Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Cross-sectional Study in Cambodia
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Hye Hyeon Kim, JooHyun Lee, Ho Heon Kim, Sangho Hwang, Ilcheong Yi, Sambath Kao, DooRa Kim, Hyuk-Sang Sohn, Joohye Kim, Yejin Choi, Sangchul Yoon, and Yu Rang Park
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2022
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26. Correction: Development and Application of a Metaverse-Based Social Skills Training Program for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder to Improve Social Interaction: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
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JooHyun Lee, Tae Seon Lee, SeungWoo Lee, JiHye Jang, SuYoung Yoo, YeJin Choi, and Yu Rang Park
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Medicine ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Published
- 2022
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27. Digital Device Exposure and Cognition Levels of Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Cross-sectional Study in Cambodia
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Hye Hyeon Kim, JooHyun Lee, Ho Heon Kim, Sangho Hwang, Ilcheong Yi, Sambath Kao, DooRa Kim, Hyuk-Sang Sohn, Joohye Kim, Yejin Choi, Sangchul Yoon, and Yu Rang Park
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundPolicy makers and practitioners in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are increasingly focusing on the effectiveness of digital devices in the delivery of medical and educational services to children under resource constraints. It is widely known that digital literacy can be fostered through exposure to and education regarding digital devices, which can improve children’s academic performance as well as their search and communication skills in the digital era. However, the correlation between the cognitive function of children and exposure and intensity of the exposure to digital devices has rarely been studied, and the association between digital device exposure and the socioeconomic characteristics and cognitive development of children in LMICs is unknown. ObjectiveThis study examines the association among exposure to digital devices, socioeconomic status, and cognitive function in children aged 3 to 9 years in Cambodia. MethodsWe used a survey of 232 children that gathered data on familiarity with digital devices, demographic characteristics, and socioeconomic status, as well as a Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery test for cognitive function, to examine the association between possible barriers and factors that may influence the cognitive function of children in 2 Cambodian schools from April 22, 2019, to May 4, 2019. A comparative analysis was performed with and without digital exposure, and an association analysis was performed among the variables from the survey and cognitive function. ResultsSignificant differences were observed in demographic and socioeconomic characteristics such as school location, family type, and family income according to digital device exposure. The results of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery tests, except for 1 test related to executive function, indicated no significant differences (P>.05) between group A and group B or among the 4 subgroups. Pretest digital device experience and amount of time spent using digital devices during the test had no significant impacts on the cognitive development of the children. Conversely, the multivariate analyses showed that cognitive function was associated with educational expenses per child, school (location), family type, and family income. ConclusionsThese results provide evidence to policy makers and practitioners on the importance of improving socioeconomic conditions, leading to investment in education by implementing programs for children’s cognitive development through digital devices in LMICs.
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- 2022
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28. Development and Application of a Metaverse-Based Social Skills Training Program for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder to Improve Social Interaction: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
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JooHyun Lee, Tae Seon Lee, SeungWoo Lee, JiHye Jang, SuYoung Yoo, YeJin Choi, and Yu Rang Park
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Medicine ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Abstract
BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by abnormalities in social communication and limited and repetitive behavioral patterns. Children with ASD who lack social communication skills will eventually not interact with others and will lack peer relationships when compared to ordinary people. Thus, it is necessary to develop a program to improve social communication abilities using digital technology in people with ASD. ObjectiveWe intend to develop and apply a metaverse-based child social skills training program aimed at improving the social interaction abilities of children with ASD aged 7-12 years. We plan to compare and analyze the biometric information collected through wearable devices when applying the metaverse-based social skills training program to evaluate emotional changes in children with ASD in stressful situations. MethodsThis parallel randomized controlled study will be conducted on children aged 7-12 years diagnosed with ASD. A metaverse-based social skills training program using digital technology will be administered to children who voluntarily wish to participate in the research with consent from their legal guardians. The treatment group will participate in the metaverse-based social skills training program developed by this research team once a week for 60 minutes per session for 4 weeks. The control group will not intervene during the experiment. The treatment group will use wearable devices during the experiment to collect real-time biometric information. ResultsThe study is expected to recruit and enroll participants in March 2022. After registering the participants, the study will be conducted from March 2022 to May 2022. This research will be jointly conducted by Yonsei University and Dobrain Co Ltd. Children participating in the program will use the internet-based platform. ConclusionsThe metaverse-based Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS) will be effective in improving the social skills of children with ASD, similar to the offline PEERS program. The metaverse-based PEERS program offers excellent accessibility and is inexpensive because it can be administered at home; thus, it is expected to be effective in many children with ASD. If a method can be applied to detect children's emotional changes early using biometric information collected through wearable devices, then emotional changes such as anxiety and anger can be alleviated in advance, thus reducing issues in children with ASD. Trial RegistrationClinical Research Information Service KCT0006859; https://tinyurl.com/4r3k7cmj International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/35960
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- 2022
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29. Inhibiting Transglutaminase 2 Mediates Kidney Fibrosis via Anti-Apoptosis
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Jong-Joo Moon, Yejin Choi, Kyu-Hyeon Kim, Areum Seo, Soie Kwon, Yong-Chul Kim, Dong-Ki Kim, Yon-Su Kim, and Seung-Hee Yang
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transglutaminase 2 ,chronic kidney disease ,cystamine ,apoptosis ,fibrosis ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a calcium-dependent transamidating acyltransferase enzyme of the protein-glutamine γ-glutamyltransferase family implicated in kidney injury. In this study, we identified associations between TG2 and chronic kidney disease (CKD) identified by visualizing TG2 in kidney biopsy samples derived from CKD patients using immunohistochemistry and measuring the plasma TG2 concentrations. Our study revealed a connection between TG2 and the pathological markers of kidney disease. We showed high plasma TG2 levels in samples from patients with advanced CKD. In addition, we observed an increase in TG2 expression in tissues concomitant with advanced CKD in human samples. Moreover, we investigated the effect of TG2 inhibition on kidney injury using cystamine, a well-known competitive inhibitor of TG2. TG2 inhibition reduced apoptosis and accumulation of extracellular molecules (ECM) such as fibronectin and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8. Collectively, the increased expression of TG2 that was observed in advanced CKD, hence inhibiting TG2 activity, could protect kidney cells from ECM molecule accumulation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses, thereby preventing kidney fibrosis.
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- 2022
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30. Improving Printability of Digital-Light-Processing 3D Bioprinting via Photoabsorber Pigment Adjustment
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Jeong Wook Seo, Gyu Min Kim, Yejin Choi, Jae Min Cha, and Hojae Bae
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photorheology ,DLP ,bioink ,bioprinting ,photoabsorber ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Digital-light-processing (DLP) three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, which has a rapid printing speed and high precision, requires optimized biomaterial ink to ensure photocrosslinking for successful printing. However, optimization studies on DLP bioprinting have yet to sufficiently explore the measurement of light exposure energy and biomaterial ink absorbance controls to improve the printability. In this study, we synchronized the light wavelength of the projection base printer with the absorption wavelength of the biomaterial ink. In this paper, we provide a stepwise explanation of the challenges associated with unsynchronized absorption wavelengths and provide appropriate examples. In addition to biomaterial ink wavelength synchronization, we introduce photorheological measurements, which can provide optimized light exposure conditions. The photorheological measurements provide precise numerical data on light exposure time and, therefore, are an effective alternative to the expendable and inaccurate conventional measurement methods for light exposure energy. Using both photorheological measurements and bioink wavelength synchronization, we identified essential printability optimization conditions for DLP bioprinting that can be applied to various fields of biological sciences.
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- 2022
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31. Loss of Rab25 promotes the development of skin squamous cell carcinoma.
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Haengdueng Jeong, Kyung-Min Lim, Kwang H. Kim, Yejin Cho, Buhyun Lee, Byron Knowles, Joseph Roland, Jeffrey Zwerner, James Goldenring, and Ki Taek Nam
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- 2021
32. Fabrication of Sericin into Micro- and Macro Size Materials and its Application.
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Sejun Yang, Yijin Kang, Yejin Cho, Bongseob Shin, and Ki Hoon Lee
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SERICIN , *SPIDER silk , *MANUFACTURING processes , *HEAVY metals , *SERICULTURE , *SILK - Abstract
Over the past decades, silk sericin (SS) received increasing attention in the academic and industrial fields. In nature, SS acts as a glue that holds the two strands of silk fibrils together. However, recent works suggest that SS might have a more diverse role during the silk spinning process, such as stabilizing the SF in the silk gland. On the other hand, the sericulture industry has been trying to find novel applications for SS discarded from the silk fabric manufacturing process. Recovery and refining of SS would be the first step of the recycling of SS. Using a proper solvent SS could be shaped into various forms, such as spherical beads, microparticles, fibers, and films. Moreover, the applicability of these SS materials has been investigated in various fields such as cosmetics, templates for nanomaterials, drug delivery, heavy metal adsorption, and enzyme immobilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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