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Ionizing radiation exposure can cause damage to diverse tissues and organs, with the hematopoietic system being the most sensitive. However, limited information is available regarding the radiosensitivity of various hematopoietic cell populations in the bone marrow due to the high heterogeneity of the hematopoietic system. In this study, we observed that granulocyte–macrophage progenitors, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, and B cells within the bone marrow showed the highest sensitivity, exhibiting a rapid decrease in cell numbers following irradiation. Nonetheless, neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells, T cells, and dendritic cells demonstrated a certain degree of radioresistance, with neutrophils exhibiting the most pronounced resistance. By employing single-cell transcriptome sequencing, we investigated the early responsive genes in various cell types following irradiation, revealing that distinct gene expression profiles emerged between radiosensitive and radioresistant cells. In B cells, radiation exposure led to a specific upregulation of genes associated with mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, suggesting a connection between these complexes and cell radiosensitivity. In neutrophils, radiation exposure resulted in fewer gene alterations, indicating their potential for distinct mechanisms in radiation resistance. Collectively, this study provides insights into the molecular mechanism for the heterogeneity of radiosensitivity among the various bone marrow hematopoietic cell populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to survey the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Southern China and further to analyze the correlation between the prevalence of GDM and maternal age.

Ginkgo biloba leaves (GBLs) contain high phytoconstituents, but ginkgolic acids (GAs, the main toxic compound in GBLs) have limited its applications. Processing Ginkgo biloba dark tea (GBDT) using fixation technology could decrease the toxic compounds; retain flavonoids, ginkgolides, and bilobalide; and improve the product quality. For the first time, various thermal fixations (hot air fixation [HAF], iron pot fixation [IPF], and boiled water fixation [BWF]) followed by rolling, fermentation, and drying were applied to produce GBDT. A comprehensive analysis of the toxicants (GAs), main bioactive compounds (ginkgolides and bilobalide, flavonoids, antioxidants, and phenolic profiles), and product qualities (moisture content, reducing sugar [RS], free amino acids [FAAs], enzyme activity, color properties, antioxidant capacity, etc.) were evaluated. The results revealed that thermal fixations BWF and HAF significantly reduced the GA contents (41.1%–34.6%). Most terpene lactones showed significant differences in control, IPF, and HAF. The HAF had lower total flavonoid content (TFC) than BWF and IPF. The control group (unfixated) had the highest toxic components (GA), terpene trilactones, and TFC compared with various fixations. Adding different fixations to rolling, fermentation, and drying had various impacts on GBDT, and principal component analysis supported the results. Among four thermal fixations, HAF yielded the best results in RS, FAA, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activities, while IPF had the highest TFC. BWF had the lowest content for GA. In conclusion, HAF (6) was chosen as the best technique for producing GBDT since it preserved GBDT's bioactive components while lowering its toxic components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ginkgo biloba leaves (GBLs), which comprise many phytoconstituents, also contain a toxic substance named ginkgolic acid (GA). Our previous research showed that heating could decarboxylate and degrade GA into ginkgols with high levels of bioactivity. Several methods are available to measure GA in GBLs, but no analytical method has been developed to measure ginkgols and GA simultaneously. Hence, for the first time, an HPLC-DAD method was established to simultaneously determine GA and ginkgols using acetonitrile (0.01% trifluoroacetic acid, v/v) as mobile phase A and water (0.01% trifluoroacetic acid, v/v) as mobile phase B. The gradient elution conditions were: 0–30 min, 75–90% phase A; 30–35 min, 90–90% phase A; 35–36 min, 90–75% phase A; 36–46 min, 75–75% phase A. The detection wavelength of GA and ginkgol were 210 and 270 nm, respectively. The flow rate and injection volume were 1.0 mL/min and 50 μL, respectively. The linearity was excellent (R2 > 0.999), and the RSD of the precision, stability, and repeatability of the total ginkgols was 0.20%, 2.21%, and 2.45%, respectively, in six parallel determinations. The recoveries for the low, medium, and high groups were 96.58%, 97.67%, and 101.52%, respectively. The limit of detection of ginkgol C13:0, C15:1, and C17:1 was 0.61 ppm, 0.50 ppm, and 0.06 ppm, respectively. The limit of quantification of ginkgol C13:0, C15:1, and C17:1 was 2.01 ppm, 1.65 ppm, and 0.20 ppm, respectively. Finally, this method accurately measured the GA and ginkgol content in ginkgo leaves and ginkgo tea products (ginkgo black tea, ginkgo dark tea, ginkgo white tea, and ginkgo green tea), whereas principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to help visualize the association between GA and ginkgols and five different processing methods for GBLs. Thus, this research provides an efficient and accurate quantitative method for the subsequent detection of GA and ginkgols in ginkgo tea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C18H28N10O8Co, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.2248(5) Å, b = 13.3140(8) Å, c = 10.6132(6) Å, β = 109.348(7)°, V = 1229.89(13) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0336, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1078, T = 293(2) K.

In recent years, due to the increasing demand for lightweight products in automotive industries to save energy and decrease CO2 gas emissions, many aluminum alloy materials are being used in cars. Due to its good baking performance, 6016 aluminum alloy is popular. However, traditional forming technology cannot produce complex parts. Furthermore, recent studies have focused on the hot stamping of aluminum alloy sheets and, in particular, of 6016 aluminum alloy sheets. It is well-known that sheet-metal formability is enhanced when the blanks are formed in hot temperatures. When this is done, the forming limit curve will rise. The forming limit of the material during the hot forming process is an important index and studying the forming limit of aluminum alloys at high temperature is of direct significance to production practices. In this paper, the forming limit curve of 6016 aluminum alloy was studied by theoretical prediction and experimentation. First, to evaluate the flow stress of a 6016 aluminum alloy sheet, the uniaxial hot tensile tests were conducted over a strain rate range of 0.01-1 s 1 and a temperature range of 400-500℃. Then, the Fields-Bachofen constitutive equation was established with considering strain hardening and strain rate enhancement, which matched well with the experimental measurements. Then this constitutive equation was introduced into the forming limit theory. Finally, based on the M-K groove theory, the forming limit curve of 6016 aluminum alloy was theoretically predicted, and the prediction results were validated by using the Nakazima test method. The comparison of the experimental and predicted values shows that the M-K groove theory is reasonable and accurate in predicting the forming limit curve. The effect of the initial inhomogeneity factor was analyzed on the forming limit curve. The results show that the prediction curve moves in the positive direction of the vertical coordinate, with an increase in the initial inhomogeneity factor. Also, the effect of the initial inhomogeneity factor on different strain paths differs, and the impact on the tension-tension strain states is greater than that on the tension-compression strain states.

BACKGROUND: Ginkgo biloba leaves contain beneficial flavonoids, bilobalide (BB), and ginkgolides. However, the toxic ginkgolic acid (GA) limit its application. In this study, various traditional processing methods were used to prepare G. biloba leaf tea (GBLT), including white tea, black tea, dark tea, green tea, and freeze‐dried as control, followed by investigations of their effects on quality, antioxidant capacity, bioactive components, and cytotoxicity of the tea products. RESULTS: Results showed that different processing methods significantly impact the tea products' quality indexes and the principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) corroborated it. White tea had the highest total sugar (TS) and GA content and the most potent cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells. However, TS and GA content and the cytotoxicity of GBLT markedly decreased during fermentation and fixation. Moreover, white tea possessed higher total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and more vigorous antioxidant activities than green tea, black tea, and dark tea. Terpene trilactones value was stable, but different catechins contents fluctuated according to the manufacturing process of different GBLTs. Among the four GBLTs, dark tea combining fixation and fermentation had the lowest GA content and cytotoxicity, less bioactive components reduction, appropriate quality, and stronger flavor. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that fixation and fermentation help reduce GAs during the manufacturing of GBLT. However, their ability to retain bioactive substances needs further optimization in future studies. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A wide variety of scanning strategies for IPv6 networks when a worm scans across subnets and inside subnets was investigated.A P2P-based mechanism for decreasing the repeated infection and implementing control strategies was discussed,and a new hybrid worm named NHIW,which can form large-scale propagation in IPv6 network,was also constructed.The NHIW can not only scan the worm randomly,but also can quickly obtain IP addresses of susceptible active hosts in the subnet as well.Furthermore,NHIW is able to prevent re-infection of the host.Through analyzing the delay in different stage of NHIW propagation and its propagation rate,a full NHIW propagation model TLWPM was established.Experimental results show that NHIW can form a flooding propagation in the IPv6 network.With respect to the features of NHIW,some relevant defense strategies were discussed finally.

Isothermal fatigue tests were carred out on Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.5Zr magnesium alloy and its heat-treated counterpart at different temperatures. The exprimental results shows that isothermal fatigue strength of two alloys decrease very slowly with increasing temperature up to 200°C. The ultimate tensile strength of heattreated Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.5Zr is slight lower than that of as-rolled counterpart, however, the fatigue strength of heat-treated alloy is higher.

In this paper, tensile and thermo-mechanical fatigue tests were carried out on Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.5Zr magnesium alloy at elevated temperatures. It shows that Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.5Zr magnesium alloy has good mehanical properties at high temperatures and thermo-mechanical fatigue mechanism is disscussed in this paper.