Search

Owing to compact size and affordability, wearable photoplethysmogram sensors provide real‐time physiological parameters that are critical for vital signs monitoring. However, the measurement accuracy, especially during physical activities, is the main obstacle toward clinical practice. Here, ring‐shaped ultraflexible organic photodetectors （OPDs） are proposed that can form conformal contact with the skin fingerprints and monitor pulse wave under faint light source of ≈22 µW cm−2. The ring‐shape and ultraflexible design, together with optimized donor‐acceptor composition, active layer thickness, and large active area (0.1 cm2) endow the OPDs with low dark current (3.66 × 10−10 A cm−2 at −1 V), high detectivity (1.5 × 1013 Jones), and motion artifact‐free when moving at a speed of 5 cm s−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nested named entity recognition has been widely used in natural language processing, information extraction and other fields. However, the multiple boundaries of nested named entities make the recognition of single entity face great challenges. This article used the information in the knowledge graph to extract and annotate entities in the Chinese nested named entity recognition algorithm, and built a new named entity recognition model based on this. Experimental results showed that this article applied the knowledge graph to the Chinese nested named entity recognition task, and its accuracy could reach up to 95.3%, which has obvious advantages in complex structure processing, relationship extraction and entity links. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salicylhydroxamic acid is a novel flotation reagent,this paper studied O3 oxidation treatment of salicylhydroxamic acid in simulated flotation wastewater.Meanwhile,the possible degradation pathway of salicylichydroxamic acid was deduced through ultraviolet spectrophotometry,infrared spectrum and high performance liquid chromatography.The experimental results showed that the removal efficiency of salicylichydroxamic acid treated by O3 oxidation was obviously.When initial concentration of salicylhydroxamic was 50 mg/L,pH value was 8,ozone concentration was 1.3 mg/L and reaction time was 15min,the removal rate was greater than 90%,but the mineralization rate was just 19.99%.Through the analysis of intermediates,the degradation pathway of salicylhydroxamic acid was preliminarily concluded as:salicylhydroxamic acid → salicylic acid+hydroxylamine→ catechol → maleic → small molecule organic acid+carbon dioxide+water.

Scenario analysis is used for the simulation of the physical protection system (PPS) by considering several credible intrusion and defense scenarios. A practical interaction simulator is developed for the scenario analysis of the PPS. The interaction simulator integrates all discrete subsystems of the PPS to form an intermodulation chain of intrusion-detection-response-interruption. Adversary intrusion strategies and defense strategies are regarded as knowledge bases in the interaction simulator. Moreover, agents in the simulator can graphically travel dynamically. Thus, this simulator is used to verify and validate the daily operation flows of each subsystem, applied for long-term management of intrusion consequences, and helped the relevant staffs for training and vulnerability analysis of the PPS.

The development of high-efficiency blue organic light-emitting materials is of significant importance for future illumination and display applications. In this work, three blue emitters, PPT, PPPT and PAPT with D–A/D–π–A architectures have been developed, in which phthalide was first adopted as a functional acceptor. As revealed by theoretical calculations and photophysical experiments, PPT, PPPT and PAPT all display a certain degree of orbital overlap of the local excited state and exhibit typical hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) characteristics. The multiple supramolecular interactions induced by phthalides endow them with high PLQYs. PAPT with the π bridge of anthracene exerts the advantages of the LE-dominated HLCT excited state and high-lying reverse intersystem crossing (hRISC) via a hot exciton channel to obtain the highest PLQY and external quantum efficiency (EQE). As a result, the PAPT-based non-doped device achieved the maximum EQE of 7.5% at a high luminance of 1800 cd m−2. Particularly, the doped device based on PAPT exhibited superior performance with the maximum EQE of 10.2% and CIE coordinates of (0.151, 0.085), and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) was determined to be only 53 nm. The results offer a simple and efficient approach for engineering D–A/D–π–A type HLCT materials to achieve high-efficiency deep blue OLEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ionizing radiation (IR) induces ferroptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). But, it remains unclear whether ferroptosis affects the prognosis of HNSCC patients after receiving radiotherapy. This study aims to develop a ferroptosis signature to predict the radiosensitivity and prognosis of HNSCC. Ferroptosis-related genes, clinical data and RNA expression profiles were obtained from the FerrDb database, The Cancer Genome Atlas and GEO database. Prognostic genes were identified by random survival forest, univariate Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier and ROC analyses. Principal component analysis, multivariate Cox regression, nomogram and DCA analyses were conducted to estimate its predictive ability. Functional enrichment and immune-related analyses were performed to explore potential biological mechanisms and tumor immune microenvironment. The effect of the hub gene on ferroptosis and radiosensitivity was verified using flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR and clonogenic survival assay. We constructed a ferroptosis-related signature, including IL6, NCF2, metadherin (MTDH) and CBS. We classified patients into high-risk (HRisk) and low-risk groups according to the risk scores. The risk score was confirmed to be an independent predictor for overall survival (OS). Combining the clinical stage with the risk score, we established a predictive nomogram for OS. Furthermore, pathways related to tumorigenesis and tumor immune suppression were mainly enriched in HRisk. MTDH was verified to have a potent effect on IR-induced ferroptosis and consequently promoted radiosensitivity. We constructed a ferroptosis-related signature to predict radiosensitivity and OS in HNSCC patients. MTDH was identified as a promising therapeutic target in radioresistant HNSCC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Willows, in the genus Salix, are widespread on the earth with significant ecological and economic values for humans. Although about 500 Salix species have been estimated, the genomic foundation of their adaptations to environments with diverse stresses has been underexplored. Here, we applied a pan-transcriptome approach to investigate the phylogenetic relationships and genetic variations among 16 willow species. A pan-transcriptome of 29,668 gene families was assembled, 69% of which exhibited presence/absence variation across the analyzed species. In comparison to core genes present in all species, shell gene families absent in at least one species were enriched with genes in pathways of signaling transduction and response to stimuli, suggesting their functions in the interaction with diverse environmental factors. A phylogenetic tree of 16 willow species was constructed with high confidence based on 870 single-copy orthologous genes, providing detailed evolutionary relationships of willow sections. The willow species were further assigned into four species clusters using the gene numbers in each family. The diversity of gene family size and gene expression levels among the willow species are closely associated with their geographical distributions. The gene family members involved in DNA repair and cellular response to DNA damage stimuli were expanded in willow species from high-altitude regions in southwestern China, which may contribute to their tolerance to ultraviolet radiation stress. Our study generates a comprehensive pan-transcriptome resource for a large set of Salix species and provides insights into the adaptations of willows to diverse environments, which will be valuable for comparative analysis with other related woody and herbaceous plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purely organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) luminogens have drawn much attention owing to their potential application in anti-counterfeiting, biological imaging and various sensors, etc. In this work, a series of halogenated derivatives (MPh-R, R = F, Cl, Br, I) based on 4-phenylmorpholine are designed and synthesized. The effect of halogen atoms on the crystal packing modes and RTP performance is systematically investigated. The experimental results, theoretical calculations and ESP analysis indicate that halogen bonding is successfully formed in MPh-Cl, MPh-Br, and MPh-I, which significantly accelerates the intersystem crossing (ISC) and enhances the solid-state phosphorescence quantum yields (QYs) by inhibiting the vibration and rotation of molecules. For MPh-F, only single emission of fluorescence is detected due to the absence of the halogen bonding. The phosphorescent QY is increased from 0.6% for MPh to 6.8% for MPh-Cl. The relatively long afterglow feature of MPh, MPh-Cl, and MPh-Br also realizes time-dependent anti-counterfeiting encryption. This work provides a new perspective for designing single-component organic RTP materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]