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MicroRNAs have been studied extensively in neurodegenerative diseases. In a previous study, miR-153 promoted neural differentiation and projection formation in mouse hippocampal HT-22 cells. However, the pathways and molecular mechanism underlying miR-153-induced neural differentiation remain unclear. To explore the molecular mechanism of miR-153 on neural differentiation, we performed RNA sequencing on miR-153-overexpressed HT-22 cells. Based on RNA sequencing, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways in miR-153-overexpressed cells were identified. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to perform functional annotation and enrichment analysis of DEGs. Targetscan predicted the targets of miR-153. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes and Cytoscape, were used to construct protein-protein interaction networks and identify hub genes. Q-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of the identified genes. The expression profiles of the identified genes were compared between embryonic days 9.5 (E9.5) and E11.5 in the embryotic mouse brain of the GDS3442 dataset. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to determine cell proliferation and cellular susceptibility to amyloid β-protein (Aβ) toxicity in miR-153-overexpressed cells. The results indicated that miR-153 increased cell adhesion/Ca2+ (Cdh5, Nrcam, and P2rx4) and Bdnf/Ntrk2 neurotrophic signaling pathway, and decreased ion channel activity (Kcnc3, Kcna4, Clcn5, and Scn5a). The changes in the expression of the identified genes in miR-153-overexpressed cells were consistent with the expression profile of GDS3442 during neural differentiation. In addition, miR-153 overexpression decreased cellular susceptibility to Aβ toxicity in HT-22 cells. In conclusion, miR-153 overexpression may promote neural differentiation by inducing cell adhesion and the Bdnf/Ntrk2 pathway, and regulating electrophysiological maturity by targeting ion channels. MiR-153 may play an important role in neural differentiation; the findings provide a useful therapeutic direction for neurodegenerative diseases.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of progesterone affecting the contractions of uterine smooth muscle through RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Methods The tissues of uterine smooth muscle were collected from 5 cases in labor and another 5 of non-labor, respectively. The expression levels of phosphorylation of myosin light chain (p-MLC20), ROCK1 and ROCK2 were detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemical (IHC) assay. Uterine smooth muscle cells were isolated and cultured, and then identified by immunofluorescence assay. Laser confocal microscopy was used to measure the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in the cells. In addition, the uterine smooth muscle cells were treated with progesterone+progesterone receptor antagonist, mifepristone, and with progesterone+ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, respectively. Western blotting was performed to determine the expression of p-MLC20, ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the corresponding groups. Results As compared with the non-labor group, the expression of p-MLC20, ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the uterine smooth muscle tissues were significantly increased in the labor group (P < 0.05). Progesterone induced the elevation of p-MLC20, ROCK1 and ROCK2 levels in the cultured uterine smooth muscle cells (P < 0.05), while after the intervention of Y-27632+progesterone, the p-MLC20 level was greatly decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion Progesterone regulates p-MLC20 level through RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway and thus promotes the contractions of uterine smooth muscle cells.

Head-mounted augmented reality (HMD AR) technology in construction has shown promise in enhancing operational efficiency. Concurrently, the critical role of hazard identification (HI) in ensuring worker safety is well-documented. Despite this, studies delving into HMD AR's impact on HI, especially across varying task complexities, are limited. This study aims to bridge this gap by examining the influence of HMD AR on construction workers' HI in diverse task environments. The research engaged 48 participants in an experiment to evaluate their hazard situation awareness (HSA), cognitive load (CL), and task performance (TP). These were assessed using the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT), the Situation Awareness Rating Technique (SART), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), and measures of task accuracy. Findings indicated that environmental conditions significantly modulate HMD AR's effect on HI. In simple and safe scenes, HMD AR has a negligible impact on HI and might enhance hazard detection capabilities. However, in complex and hazardous situations with intense workloads, HMD AR can impair HI, potentially increasing safety risks. In other words, whether HMD AR brings opportunities or risks for HI depends on the different environmental conditions. This research contributes to the nascent field of cognitive safety in HMD AR, specifically regarding HI in construction, augmenting the current understanding and laying a theoretical groundwork for HMD AR's future safety applications in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. The insights gained inform the prudent implementation, training, and interface design of HMD AR on construction sites. In the context of HMD AR's rapid evolution, this study underscores the importance of critically assessing safety implications to guide the responsible utilization of new technologies. Practical Applications: The findings from this study reveal that the impact of HMD AR on HI is contingent upon the complexity and safety of the work environment. In scenes that are straightforward and safe, HMD AR has been shown to improve HI among participants. Conversely, in environments that are complex and fraught with danger, HMD AR may hinder HI, increasing the likelihood of hazards. The conclusions of this study suggest that the safety management and application of HMD AR on construction sites should consider the opportunities and risks of using HMD AR in different environmental conditions. It is advised that decision makers on construction sites evaluate the suitability of HMD AR deployment based on the specific complexities of their scenes. In instances where the potential hazards are intricate, the use of HMD AR might be inadvisable. For sites already utilizing HMD AR, it is crucial to provide additional safety training to users. Such training should aim to enhance awareness of how HMD AR might affect HI, equipping workers with the knowledge to mitigate potential risks effectively. Furthermore, developers of HMD AR technologies are encouraged to focus on improving the safety features of their products. A key area of improvement is the optimization of information density on the HMD AR display interface. By doing so, developers can help prevent cognitive overload among users, thereby minimizing any adverse effects on HI. This approach not only enhances the safety on construction sites but also ensures that the benefits of HMD AR can be fully realized without compromising worker safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global markets increase sales and profitability opportunities for enterprises, but more environmental uncertainty poses new challenges for operational planning. This paper attempts to introduce the idea of distributionally robust optimization into the global operation problem of a two-market stochastic inventory system, providing theoretical guidance and reference decision-making for enterprises to optimize and configure in a global market with non-overlapping geographic locations and sales seasons. We find that the demand correlation and the lack of demand information will not substantially affect the operation strategy, and the enterprise's industrial chain and supply chain remain stable. However, reducing inter-market tariffs or logistics costs will lead to a change in strategy, and the existence of the secondary market will lead to more capacity planning in the primary market. In addition, we find that enterprises' transshipment strategies rely significantly on exchange rate volatility. Numerical experiments were conducted to demonstrate our theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the importance and strategies of early diagnosis and treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in pregnancy. Methods Two cases of pregnancy complicated with TTP admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to July 2020 were recruited and retrospectively summarized. The characteristics of the disease, diagnosis and treatment process and prognosis were analyzed to summarize the importance and strategies of early diagnosis and treatment. Related literatures were reviewed. Results The initial symptoms were thrombocytopenia and anemia. Case 1 developed postpartum, and the diagnosis of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia was not timely confirmed by peripheral blood smear, and this resulted in delayed diagnosis, delayed plasma exchange and death of the patient. Case 2 developed in the middle of pregnancy. Broken red blood cells were found on peripheral blood smear in time, and TTP was thus diagnosed. Plasma exchange was performed immediately, and the patient was cured and discharged. There were totally 57 patients in literature review. The results suggested that TTP can occur in all stages of pregnancy, and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia can be the presumptive diagnosis of TTP. TTP triad (microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neurological symptoms) were observed in 26 cases (45.6%), of which 5 cases (19.2%) died; 7 cases (12.3%) were combined with pentad (triad+fever and renal dysfunction), including 4 died (57.1%). In the 36 cases tested for the activity of von Willebrand factor lyase, ADAMTS13, 28 cases (77.8%) had severely decreased activity (activity < 10%). The mortality rate in the plasma exchange group (6.8%, 3/44) was significantly lower than that in the group without plasma exchange (69.2%, 9/13, P < 0.05). Conclusion Peripheral blood smear is an important reference in the diagnosis of microangiopathic hemolysis, and the possibility of TTP should be highly vigilant for pregnant women with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, and plasma exchange as soon as possible after suspected TTP can significantly improve the prognosis of mothers and fetus.

Objective To explore the indications of prenatal antibiotic withdrawal and its correlation with maternal and infant outcomes of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) without infection. Methods Clinical data of 121 patients with PPROM between 24 and 33+6 gestational weeks expecting to prolong latency in our hospital between January 2015 and December 2019 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. According to having high risk factors for infection or not and maternal and infant outcomes, they were divided into group A (low-risk but without adverse outcome), group B (low-risk with adverse outcome), group C (high-risk but without adverse outcome) and group D (high-risk with adverse outcome). Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for statistical analysis. Results The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistical differences in procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and hemeglobin (Hb) between group A and B at discontinuation of antibiotics (P < 0.05). Significant differences were seen in duration of antibiotics use, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and CRP between group C and D at antibiotics discontinuation (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that when antibiotics were discontinued, the low-risk groups had CRP (5~30 mg/L, >30 mg/L) increased and increased risk of adverse maternal and infant outcomes (OR=2.227, 95%CI: 0.689~7.205; OR=14.000, 95%CI: 1.471~133.233); while for the high-risk groups, CRP was elevated (5~30 mg/L, >30 mg/L) or short course of treatment (< 3 d), and the incidence of adverse maternal and child outcomes was increased (OR=1.508, 95%CI: 0.452~5.024; OR=14.278, 95%CI: 1.526~133.570; OR=4.045, 95%CI: 1.341~12.199). Conclusion CRP can be used to guide the use of antibiotics in PPROM patients. For those at high risk of infection, the duration of anti-infection therapy is associated with maternal and infant outcomes and should be maintained at least longer than 3 d.

Two‐dimensional conjugated metal–organic frameworks (2D c‐MOFs) have emerged as promising candidates in gas sensing, owing to their tunable porous structure and conductivity. Nevertheless, the reported gas sensing mechanisms heavily relied on electron transfer between metal nodes and gas molecules. Normally, the strong interaction between the metal sites and target gas molecule would result poor recovery and thus bad recycling property. Herein, we propose a redox synergy strategy to overcome this issue by balancing the reactivity of metal sites and ligands. A 2D c‐MOF, Zn3(HHTQ)2, was prepared for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensing, which was constructed from active ligands (hexahydroxyltricycloquinazoline, HHTQ) and inactive transition‐metal ions (Zn2+). Substantial characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrated that by utilizing only the redox interactions between ligands and NO2, not only high sensitivity and selectivity, but also excellent cycling stability in NO2 sensing could be achieved. In contrast, control experiments employing isostructural 2D c‐MOFs with Cu/Ni metal nodes exhibited irreversible NO2 sensing. Our current work provides a new design strategy for gas sensing materials, emphasizing harnessing the redox activity of only ligands to enhance the stability of MOF sensing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bipolar‐type electrode materials are capable of improving the specific power and reducing the manufacturing costs for rechargeable symmetric batteries, while their development is plagued by the lack of reliable and affordable bipolar‐type materials. Here, a bipolar‐type indanthrene (IDT) with synergetic coupling effects of two redox centers of p‐type dihydrophenazines and n‐type anthraquinone in a single molecule is proposed to construct a symmetric battery. Due to the mutually affecting of n‐type and p‐type redox couples, the conjugated "p–n fusion" in the IDT material facilitates mutual electron cloud donation and withdrawal between two redox centers, thus a considerable output voltage of 0.62 V is realized in symmetric aqueous battery. Benefiting from its enriched redox centers and extended π‐conjugated structure, the symmetric battery also delivers a specific capacity of 139 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and a long cycling stability with a capacity retention of 79% after 600 cycles at 2 A g−1. Comprehensive ex‐situ characterizations paired with density functional theroy calculations reveal both reversible HSO4− and H+ uptake/removal behavior during charging/discharging process. Additionally, a symmetric cell with quasi‐solid electrolyte is established, which exhibits superior practical application capability with a capacity retention of 78% at 2 A g−1 over 1000 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2D conjugated metal–organic frameworks (2D c‐MOFs) with large pore sizes and high surface areas are advantageous for adsorbing iodine species to enhance the electrochemical performance of aqueous dual‐ion batteries (ADIBs). However, most of the reported 2D c‐MOFs feature microporous structures, with few examples exhibiting mesoporous characteristics. Herein, we developed two mesoporous 2D c‐MOFs, namely PA‐TAPA−Cu‐MOF and PA‐PyTTA−Cu‐MOF, using newly designed arylimide based multitopic catechol ligands (6OH‐PA‐TAPA and 8OH‐PA‐PyTTA). Notably, PA‐TAPA−Cu‐MOF exhibits the largest pore sizes (3.9 nm) among all reported 2D c‐MOFs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that these 2D c‐MOFs can serve as promising cathode host materials for polyiodides in ADIBs for the first time. The incorporation of triphenylamine moieties in PA‐TAPA−Cu‐MOF resulted in a higher specific capacity (423.4 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 1.0 A g−1) and superior cycling performance, retaining 96 % capacity over 1000 cycles at 10 A g−1 compared to PA‐PyTTA−Cu‐MOF. Our comparative analysis revealed that the increased number of N anchoring sites and larger pore size in PA‐TAPA−Cu‐MOF facilitate efficient anchoring and conversion of I3−, as supported by spectroscopic electrochemistry and density functional theory calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the restriction of supply risk on optimal profit realization in advance selling, we discuss three selling strategies of a seller who produces and sells a seasonal product to a consumer under uncertain supply and demand: all advance selling, partial advance selling, and non‐advance selling. The robust newsvendor model is designed to solve the problem. Our results show that implementing an advance selling strategy is always beneficial from the demand uncertainty perspective to the seller. However, sellers should choose advance selling carefully from the standpoint of supply uncertainty: sellers will non‐advance selling under certain conditions. This condition is contingent on the market, capacity level, selling price, supply–demand correlation, consumer characteristics, and seller's pricing power. Interestingly, pricing power is the key driver to stimulate advance selling under supply uncertainty. In addition, the impact of supply and demand uncertainty and supply–demand correlation on these strategies are related to price discounts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar flares will cause the change of the photospheric magnetic field and sunspot structure. However, the exact physical processes involved remain unclear. Here, we study the changes of photospheric magnetic field before and after an X1.5 flare caused by a circular filament eruption in the active region NOAA 13006. The magnetic field structure of this active region is a fan-spine structure with a circular polarity inversion line (PIL). We found that the sunspot structure contracted towards the PIL as a whole after the flare. The penumbra away from the PIL gradually disappears, and the umbra and penumbra near the PIL gradually enhances. By analysing the local magnetic field, the Lorentz force (LF), and the photospheric velocity field in these three regions, we find that the magnetic flux in the region of the disappearing penumbra converges and contracts towards the PIL, leading to an enhancement of the umbra, while the enhancement of the penumbra potentially indicates that this region may be the footpoint of a reconnected magnetic field system. We suggest that this contracting motion is driven by the horizontal LF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to clarify the nutrient allocation strategies of Cunninghamia lanceolata (CL) and Schima superba (SS) and their differences in N uptake and utilization under acidic stress and heterogeneous allocation of N. One-year-old seedlings of CL and SS were cultured in sands with three pH levels (pH rate 4.5, 5.5, and 6.5) and five different N form ratios (NH4+-N to NO3−-N ratios 10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, and 0:10) in the greenhouse. The C, N, and P contents and C:N:P stoichiometry in leaves, total biomass, and NH4+-N and NO3−-N contents in the cultivation substrate were analyzed after 160 days. At the pH rate of 4.5, the N contents of CL and SS significantly decreased. However, the N contents of SS increased at the pH rate of 5.5. At the pH rate of 5.5, the N content of CL and SS increased under the cultivation substrate, with ratios of 10:0 and 7:3, and 3:7 and 0:10, respectively. The N content of CL was significantly positively correlated with its P content. The C:P ratios of CL and SS were significantly positively correlated with their C:N ratios and N:P ratios. Under the same treatment, the differences in C:N:P stoichiometry were more significant between CL and SS at the pH rate of 5.5. The NH4+-N content of the cultivation substrate in CL and SS was higher than the NO3−-N content. At the ratio of 7:3, the C:N stoichiometric ratio of CL and C:N:P stoichiometric ratio of SS were negatively correlated with total biomass. At the pH rate of 5.5, cultivation environments with high NH4+-N and NO3−-N amount respectively increased the N content of CL and SS. The CL is susceptible to N limitation, and SS is susceptible to N and P limitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of Rh(D)-negative pregnant women who received preoperative autologous blood donation (PABD). Methods We retrospectively collected the clinical data of 349 Rh(D)-negative pregnant women delivered in our hospital between January, 2015 and December, 2019, and compared the maternal and neonatal outcomes between the women receiving PABD and those without PABD. Results Among the 349 Rh(D)-negative pregnant women, 204 (58.5%) received PABD, and the interval between blood collection and delivery averaged 14.0±0.5 d (range 3~34 days); 35 (17.2%) of the women with PABD had autologous blood transfusion. The gestational weeks, delivery mode, postpartum blood loss, or neonatal umbilical artery blood gas index did not differ significantly between the women with and without PABD (P>0.05). In the women with PABD, no adverse reactions occurred during blood collection, and no significant changes were found in blood cell indexes after blood collection (P>0.05). Conclusion PABD is safe and cost-effective in pregnant women with rare blood types such as Rh(D) negative women.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and feasibility of a new type fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of postpartum vaginal relaxation. Methods A total of 120 patients who were diagnosed with postpartum vaginal relaxation in our postpartum pelvic rehabilitation clinic of the obstetrics and gynecology department were included during November 2016 to November 2018. A new type fractional CO2 laser (10~15 min, once per month, 4 times as a course) was used for intravaginal treatment. Objective and subjective indicators before and 1 month after a course of treatment were observed and analyzed. Objective indicators include the degree of vaginal relaxation, vaginal health index (VHIS), and subjective indicators were from the Female Sexual Function Scale (FSFI). Satisfaction survey of treatment was carried out at the end of treatment for all of them. Results In the objective evaluation, the degree of vaginal relaxation was significantly improved; The VHIS score was 10.87±2.18, 15.67±1.87, 19.13±2.81, 20.11±1.98 and 20.34±1.69, respectively before, after 1st, 2nd and 3rd treatments and 1 month after treatment, and the score was obviously improved (P < 0.05). In the subjective indicators evaluation, the total scores of FSFI, vaginal lubricity, vaginal relaxation, and sexual life satisfaction were all improved after treatment, with statistical differences when compared with the scores before treatment (P < 0.05). But, no notable differences were seen in the scores of sexual desire, sexual arousal and orgasm before and after treatment (P>0.05). At the end of treatment, sound satisfaction was obtained in the satisfaction survey of treatment. Conclusion The new type fractional CO2 laser treatment provides a minimally invasive treatment for vaginal relaxation and can obtain effective improvement in the symptoms. It can be done in the clinic due to its strong feasibility and no needs for anesthesia and analgesia. The patients show good tolerance and compliance.

Solar filament eruptions are often characterized by stepwise evolution due to the involvement of multiple mechanisms, such as magnetohydrodynamic instabilities and magnetic reconnection. In this article, we investigated a confined filament eruption with a distinct two-stage evolution by using the imaging and spectroscopic observations from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph and the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The eruption originated from a kinked filament thread that separated from an active region filament. In the first stage, the filament thread rose slowly and was obstructed due to flux pile-up in its front. This obstruction brought the filament thread into reconnection with a nearby loop-like structure, which enlarged the flux rope and changed its connectivity through the foot-point migration. The newly formed flux rope became more kink unstable and drove the rapid eruption in the second stage. It ascended into the upper atmosphere and initiated the reconnection with the overlying field. Finally, the flux rope was totally disintegrated, producing several solar jets along the overlying field. These observations demonstrate that the external reconnection between the flux rope and overlying field can destroy the flux rope, thus playing a crucial role in confining the solar eruptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Functional foods have potential health benefits for humans. Lotus seeds (LS) as functional foods have excellent antioxidant activities. However, the differences in chemical composition of different LS cultivars may affect their antioxidant activities. This study comprehensively analyzed the differences among five LS cultivars based on metabolomics and further revealed the effects of metabolites on antioxidant activities by correlation analysis. A total of 125 metabolites were identified in LS using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. Then, 15 metabolites were screened as differential metabolites of different LS cultivars by chemometrics. The antioxidant activities of LS were evaluated by DPPH•, FRAP, and ABTS•+ assays. The antioxidant activities varied among different LS cultivars, with the cultivar Taikong 66 showing the highest antioxidant activities. The correlation analysis among metabolites and antioxidant activities highlighted the important contribution of phenolics and alkaloids to the antioxidant activities of LS. Particularly, 11 metabolites such as p-coumaric acid showed significant positive correlation with antioxidant activities. Notably, 6 differential metabolites screened in different LS cultivars showed significant effects on antioxidant activities. These results revealed the important effects of phytochemicals on the antioxidant activities of different LS cultivars. This study provided evidence for the health benefits of different LS cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]