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Based on the need of high wear resistance， a new kind of high-vanadium high-speed steel named W3Mo4Cr5V6 was designed. The transformation behavior of metastable M2C carbides in the high temperature heating process of the steel was analyzed by means of SEM and EMPA. The results show that the cophortic M2C carbide will undergo M2C+γ-Fe→M6C+MC+M7C3 transition at high temperature heating process.A large number of W， Mo-rich M6C and a small amount of V-rich MC and Cr-rich M7C3 are formed around the Mo and W-rich M2C phase. With the increase of temperature from 950 ℃ to 1 150 ℃， the high temperature transformation of M2C carbides gradually tends to be complete and the fibrous M2C is easier to decompose and transform than lamellar M2C， and the lamellar or fibrous morphology distributed in the austenite grain boundary with discontinuous network is transformed into the granular morphology distributed at the grain boundary， which can effectively reduce the harm of network carbides to the grain boundary. The research can provide an effective reference for the composition and morphology control of carbides distributed at the grain boundaries of high-speed steel and the optimal selection of parameters such as temperature and time of hot processing and heat treatment process.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in regulating the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of lncRNAs in heart aging remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs in the heart of aging mice and elucidate the relevant regulatory pathways of cardiac aging.

Ionic conductive hydrogels (ICHs) have recently gained prominence in biosensing, indicating their potential to redefine future biomedical applications. However, the integration of these hydrogels into sensor technologies and their long‐term efficacy in practical applications pose substantial challenges, including a synergy of features, such as mechanical adaptability, conductive sensitivity, self‐adhesion, self‐regeneration, and microbial resistance. To address these challenges, this study introduces a novel hydrogel system using an imidazolium salt with a ureido backbone (UL) as the primary monomer. Fabricated via a straightforward one‐pot copolymerization process that includes betaine sulfonate methacrylate (SBMA) and acrylamide (AM), the hydrogel demonstrates multifunctional properties. The innovation of this hydrogel is attributed to its robust mechanical attributes, outstanding strain responsiveness, effective water retention, and advanced self‐regenerative and healing capabilities, which collectively lead to its superior performance in various applications. Moreover, this hydrogel exhibited broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity. Its potential for biomechanical monitoring, especially in tandem with contact and noncontact electrocardiogram (ECG) devices, represents a noteworthy advancement in precise real‐time cardiac monitoring in clinical environments. In addition, the conductive properties of the hydrogel make it an ideal substrate for electrophoretic patches aimed at treating infected wounds and consequently enhancing the healing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Epilepsy is a neurological disease, and its clinical treatment presents a significant medical challenge. Nevertheless, Chloriti Lapis (CL), a traditional Chinese Mineral Medicine, has been employed for centuries to address neurological disorders and has shown notable effectiveness. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to further explore whether CL can modulate the abundance and diversity of the small intestinal flora in rats with epilepsy induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and to investigate the interrelationship among the flora. Materials and Methods: Operational taxonomic units (OTUs), α diversity, β diversity, hierarchical clustering tree, and principal component analysis (PCA) were utilized to analyze the small intestinal flora of PTZ-kindled epileptic rats. Results: The predominant bacterial groups in the small intestine mainly belonged to the phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The administration of CL was found to effectively increase the abundance and diversity of the small intestinal flora, modify its structural composition, reduce the relative abundance of PTZ-elevated microflora, and enhance the abundance of Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Gemella Berger. Conclusion: CL exhibits promising potential, reliability, and unique value in managing epilepsy through the regulation of intestinal flora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Narrow bandgap 2D layered material platinum selenide (PtSe2) with good environmental stability, high carrier mobility, and high light absorption, has been widely investigated for uncooled midwave‐infrared (MWIR) photodetection. However, the phototransistor based on the PtSe2 operation at room temperature suffered from the high dark current and background noise. Here, a graphene (G)‐enhanced G‐WSe2/PtSe2 hetero‐diode placed on a metal electrode is reported. To enhance the photogain, a graphene layer placed on the WSe2/PtSe2 heterodiode as a local gating layer is designed. The device exhibits an ultra‐high light on/off ratio of up to 108 and ultra‐fast photoresponse speed with raising time τr = 0.9 µs and decay time of τd = 1.5 µs in the visible spectra range. Notably, ultrabroad band photoresponse from 405 to 3366 nm is demonstrated under the self‐power model. Notably, the device presented a competitive photovoltaic effect with a high energy conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.45%. The results pave the way toward a new approach to tuning the performance of the atomic thin layered materials photodetector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an optimized preparation process for external ointment using the Definitive Screening Design (DSD) method. The ointment is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula developed by Professor WYH, a renowned TCM practitioner in Jiangsu Province, China, known for its proven clinical efficacy. In this study, a stepwise regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between key process factors (such as mixing speed and time) and rheological parameters. Machine learning techniques, including Monte Carlo simulation, decision tree analysis, and Gaussian process, were used for parameter optimization. Through rigorous experimentation and verification, we have successfully identified the optimal preparation process for WYH ointment. The optimized parameters included drug ratio of 24.5%, mixing time of 8 min, mixing speed of 1175 rpm, petroleum dosage of 79 g, liquid paraffin dosage of 6.7 g. The final ointment formulation was prepared using method B. This research not only contributes to the optimization of the WYH ointment preparation process but also provides valuable insights and practical guidance for designing the preparation processes of other TCM ointments. This advanced DSD method enhances the screening approach for identifying the best preparation process, thereby improving the scientific rigor and quality of TCM ointment preparation processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to multidrug resistance and the high risk of recurrence, effective and less toxic alternative pancreatic cancer treatments are urgently needed. Pancreatic cancer cells are highly resistant to apoptosis but sensitive to ferroptosis. In this study, an innovative nanoplatform (AsIr@PDA) was developed by electrostatic adsorption of a cationic iridium complex (IrFN) onto two‐dimensional (2D) arsenene nanosheets. This nanoplatform exhibits superior ferroptosis‐inducing effects with high drug loading capacity and, importantly, excellent anti‐cancer immune activation function, leading to efficient elimination of pancreatic tumors with no observable side effects. Interestingly, AsIr@PDA significantly prevents the recurrence of pancreatic cancer in vivo when compared with a cisplatin‐loaded nanoplatform. This designed nanoplatform demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy by synergistic ferroptosis‐induced chemotherapy with immunotherapy via an all‐in‐one strategy, providing new insights for future pancreatic cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]