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Objective To analyze the literature on artificial intelligence in forensic research from 2012 to 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection Database, to explore research hotspots and developmental trends. Methods A total of 736 articles on artificial intelligence in forensic medicine in the Web of Science Core Collection Database from 2012 to 2022 were visualized and analyzed through the literature measuring tool CiteSpace. The authors, institution, country （region）, title, journal, keywords, cited references and other information of relevant literatures were analyzed. Results A total of 736 articles published in 220 journals by 355 authors from 289 institutions in 69 countries （regions） were identified, with the number of articles published showing an increasing trend year by year. Among them, the United States had the highest number of publications and China ranked the second. Academy of Forensic Science had the highest number of publications among the institutions. Forensic Science International, Journal of Forensic Sciences, International Journal of Legal Medicine ranked high in publication and citation frequency. Through the analysis of keywords, it was found that the research hotspots of artificial intelligence in the forensic field mainly focused on the use of artificial intelligence technology for sex and age estimation, cause of death analysis, postmortem interval estimation, individual identification and so on. Conclusion It is necessary to pay attention to international and institutional cooperation and to strengthen the cross-disciplinary research. Exploring the combination of advanced artificial intelligence technologies with forensic research will be a hotspot and direction for future research.

This study aimed to investigate the role of the MIR210 host gene (MIR210HG), a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), in the proliferation of colon cancer cells and its potential mechanism involving the ferroptosis pathway. We assessed MIR210HG expression in colon cancer cell lines and tissues, and examined the effects of its overexpression and knockdown on cell proliferation. Proteomic analysis was conducted to explore the interaction between MIR210HG and ferroptosis pathway components. The binding of MIR210HG to poly(rC) binding protein 1 (PCBP1) was predicted using catRAPID and confirmed through RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiments. MIR210HG was significantly upregulated in colon cancer cells and tissues. Its overexpression promoted, while its knockdown inhibited, colon cancer cell proliferation. MIR210HG was found to be associated with ferroptosis pathway components and to bind to PCBP1, which was experimentally validated. The inhibition of ferroptosis by MIR210HG through PCBP1 binding was confirmed, highlighting its role in promoting cell proliferation. MIR210HG promotes colon cancer cell proliferation by binding to PCBP1 and inhibiting ferroptosis. These findings suggest MIR210HG as a potential therapeutic target for colon cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene has exceptional properties with great promise for various applications. However, pristine graphene cannot be used in nano-electronics because it lacks a gap in energy dispersion at the Dirac point. Therefore, researchers have been developing methods to open the gap, which would open the door for the use of graphene in a wide range of electronic and photovoltaic devices. Through density functional theory calculations, we identified a specific range of electric field values that could potentially open the Dirac cones and separate the two π (VB) and two π* (CB) bands belonging to each graphene layer in FeCl3 intercalated bilayer graphene. To our knowledge, no such findings have been reported in the literature. These findings could aid in developing a better understanding of the electronic structure of materials and enable the design of more efficient electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore whether PM2.5 induces the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α in 16HBE via the Wnt-5a/JNK signaling pathway. Methods The research was implemented by rats and 16HBE cells. Rats were divided into control group and motor vehicle exhaust(MVE) group(concentration 1.5 mg/m2,2 h/day); 16HBE cells were divided into control group,PM2.5(20 μg/mL)group,control siRNA+PM2.5 group,Wnt-5a siRNA+PM2.5 group,Wnt-5a siRNA+control group,JNK inhibitor SP600125+PM2.5 group and SP600125+control group. The expressions of p-JNK and p-c-Jun in lung tissues were examined by immune-histochemistry method. The expressions of Wnt-5a,JNK,c-Jun,p-JNK and p-c-Jun were measured by Western blot. The secretions of IL-6 and TNF-α were assessed by ELISA. Results Compared with the control rat group, MVE group exhibited significantly up-regulated the expression of p-JNK and p-c-Jun(P＜0.05); Compared with the 16HBE cell control group,PM2.5 group significantly up-regulated the expressions of Wnt-5a,p-JNK and p-c-Jun and the secretions of IL-6 and TNF-α(P＜0.05);Compared with the PM2.5 group, Wnt-5a siRNA+PM2.5 group blocked these effects(P＜0.05). Furthermore,SP600125+PM2.5 group showed a significantly decreased expression of p-c-Jun and the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α by 16HBE cells(P＜0.05). Conclusions PM2.5 induces the secretions of IL-6 and TNF-α by 16HBE cells via Wnt-5a/JNK signaling pathway.

Under the background of global climate change, crop leaves usually experience fluctuating light (FL) under compound stresses of drought and heat in the field. However, photoinhibition and photosynthetic regulation in FL under these compound stresses are little known. To elucidate this, we measured gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, P700 redox state and electrochromic shift signals for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves exposed to FL under individual and compound stresses of moderate drought and heat stresses. After treatment with short‐term FL, photosystem I (PSI) activity decreased slightly in all treatments. By comparison, photosystem II (PSII) activity was reduced slightly under individual stress but largely decreased by 46% under compound stresses. Therefore, PSI is more tolerant than PSII when exposed to FL under compound stresses of drought and heat. Under compound stresses, PSII photoinhibition largely downregulated linear electron flow and photorespiration became a major electron sink downstream. Concomitantly, cyclic electron flow (CEF) was highly enhanced to help the building up of trans‐thylakoid proton gradient. This study highlights the importance of PSII activity and CEF in crop tolerance under future compound climate extremes such as drought and heat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drought and heat stresses usually occur concomitantly in nature, with increasing frequency and intensity of both stresses expected due to climate change. The synergistic agricultural impacts of these compound climate extremes are much greater than those of the individual stresses. However, the mechanisms by which drought and heat stresses separately and concomitantly affect dynamic photosynthesis have not been thoroughly assessed. To elucidate this, we used tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings to measure dynamic photosynthesis under individual and compound stresses of drought and heat. Individual drought and heat stresses limited dynamic photosynthesis at the stages of diffusional conductance to CO2 and biochemistry, respectively. However, the primary limiting factor for photosynthesis shifted to mesophyll conductance under the compound stresses. Compared with the control, photosynthetic carbon gain in fluctuating light decreased by 38%, 73%, and 114% under the individual drought, heat, and compound stresses, respectively. Therefore, compound stresses caused a greater reduction in photosynthetic carbon gain in fluctuating light conditions than individual stress. These findings highlight the importance of mitigating the effects of compound climate extremes on crop productivity by targeting mesophyll conductance and improving dynamic photosynthesis. Compound stresses of drought and heat inhibit photosynthesis through restricting mesophyll conductance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (AN) under fluctuating light (FL) plays a critical role in plant growth and crop yield. C4 crops usually reach greater yields than C3 crops when grown in regions with low relative humidity, which might be partly due to the CO2 concentration mechanism and higher AN under FL of C4 crops. To test this hypothesis, we measured gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence under different changing frequencies of FL at contrasting relative air humidity (60% and 15%) for leaves of maize (Zea mays, C4) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, C3). In general, a more rapid changing frequency of FL would cause a larger loss in AN during shade‐sun transitions, with 20–38% in maize and 16–52% in tomato. Low relative humidity induced a larger decrease of stomatal conductance (gs) under FL in tomato than in maize, leading to a much stronger loss in AN in tomato than in maize. After transition from low to high light, AN of maize was mainly limited by gs with negligible non‐stomatal limitation, and the stomatal limitation was slightly affected by relative humidity. By comparison, low relative humidity significantly increased the stomatal limitation of AN in tomato but hardly affected non‐stomatal limitation. These results highlight the differential impact of decreasing relative humidity on dynamic photosynthesis and productivity between C3 and C4 crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The orthogonal spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light, which together expand into multiple dimensions in photonics, need to be identified. However, their recognition with dynamic modulability and broadband wavelength adaptability remains challenging. Herein, we achieve the simultaneous one-step identification of both SAM and OAM, based on a liquid crystal (LC) recognizer with a programmed geometric phase structure. By retrieving the propagation direction and exclusive non-vortex Gaussian beam of the resultant diffraction array, the SAM and OAM of impinged light can be precisely recognized, and the superimposed states involving multiple SAMs and OAMs can also be identified through demultiplexing. Thanks to the unique stimuli-responsiveness of LCs, the recognizer can be promptly switched on/off as required, and dynamically adapt to any wavelength in an extremely broad range covering the visible and NIR bands. Inspired by the concept of an optical logic gate matrix, an information processing system is established by encoding the diffraction matrices with some specific information. We anticipate that this work will be promising to give fascinating dynamic responsiveness and spectral adaptability to integrated optical communications and motivate research into the new scenario of information processing loading on angular momenta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability to establish significant phase modulation at low applied field provides a promising route toward polarization control and wavefront shaping for liquid‐crystal‐based devices. Owing to the polarization‐selective reflectivity of chiral liquid crystals (CLCs), reflective wavefront shaping via geometric phase is demonstrated when a circularly polarized light is Bragg reflected by a spatially orientated chiral layer. Nowadays, photoresponsive CLCs have attracted extensive attention due to their exotic feature that endows the CLC devices with the capability of electric‐free remote control. Despite the mature photoresponsive CLC materials and the sophisticated reflective geometric phase devices, a light‐induced topological optical phase modulation for a transmissive wave exiting a CLC cell remains elusive. Here, with the employment of a photosensitive chiral dopant, a hybrid aligned photoresponsive CLC system, demonstrating the simultaneous light modulation of topological geometric phase and dynamic phase via helical pitch manipulation is established. The continuous dual‐phase modulation engenders a smooth optically controllable diffraction efficiency (i.e., from <5% to >90%) of the proposed light‐reconfigurable CLC geometric phase optical element prototypes with multistable diffractive behavior, thus launching a paradigm shift for the application of novel liquid‐crystal photonic devices in the field of all‐optical polarization and spin processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The clinical manifestations of myofascial pelvic pain (MFPP) are mainly acute or chronic muscle pain at one or more trigger points in the pelvic cavity or pelvic floor.Objective: This study aims to explore the predictive value of pelvic floor myoelectric parameters with respect to MFPP and the effect of its clinical treatment.Methods: Two hundred and one women followed up in the Wenzhou People's Hospital 6-12 weeks postpartum between July 2020 and July 2021. They were divided into an MFPP group (n= 90) and a non-MFPP group (n= 102), but 9 MFPP patients without a pelvic floor electromyography evaluation were not included. The general demographic data and pelvic floor electromyography evaluation parameters of the two groups were compared; the related factors of postpartum women suffering from MFPP were analyzed, and a nomogram model of the postpartum risk of suffering from MFPP was established. The 99 patients with postpartum MFPP were divided into a treatment group (n= 10) and a control group (n= 89). The difference in visual analog scale scores between the two groups initially and after three months of treatment was compared to evaluate the effective remission rate of postpartum MFPP after treatment.Results: A significant difference was observed in the relaxation time at the rapid contraction stage (z= 4.369, p< 0.05) and the tension contraction stage (z= 135.645, p< 0.01) between the MFPP group and the non-MFPP group. The nomogram model for predicting postpartum MFPP was established with nine variables as potential predictors. The calibration chart and C index of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.65-0.71) proved that the model had a certain degree of discrimination. The clinical decision-making curve showed that the model could increase the net benefit rate of patients. The pain relief rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p< 0.01).Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between postpartum MFPP and relaxation time at rapid contraction stage and tension contraction stage. The risk prediction nomogram model of postpartum MFPP established with nine potential predictors has a certain prediction capability, and clinical treatment can effectively relieve MFPP in postpartum patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photosynthetic efficiency under both steady-state and fluctuating light can significantly affect plant growth under naturally fluctuating light conditions. However, the difference in photosynthetic performance between different rose genotypes is little known. This study compared the photosynthetic performance under steady-state and fluctuating light in two modern rose cultivars (Rose hybrida), "Orange Reeva" and "Gelato", and an old Chinese rose plant Rosa chinensis cultivar, "Slater's crimson China". The light and CO2 response curves indicated that they showed similar photosynthetic capacity under steady state. The light-saturated steady-state photosynthesis in these three rose genotypes was mainly limited by biochemistry (60%) rather than diffusional conductance. Under fluctuating light conditions (alternated between 100 and 1500 μmol photons m−2 m−1 every 5 min), stomatal conductance gradually decreased in these three rose genotypes, while mesophyll conductance (gm) was maintained stable in Orange Reeva and Gelato but decreased by 23% in R. chinensis, resulting in a stronger loss of CO2 assimilation under high-light phases in R. chinensis (25%) than in Orange Reeva and Gelato (13%). As a result, the variation in photosynthetic efficiency under fluctuating light among rose cultivars was tightly related to gm. These results highlight the importance of gm in dynamic photosynthesis and provide new traits for improving photosynthetic efficiency in rose cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally, regulation of cyclic electron flow (CEF) and chloroplast ATP synthase play key roles in photoprotection for photosystems I and II (PSI and PSII) in C3 and C4 plants, especially when CO2 assimilation is restricted. However, how CAM plants protect PSI and PSII when CO2 assimilation is restricted is largely known. In the present study, we measured PSI, PSII, and electrochromic shift signals in the CAM plant Vanilla planifolia. The quantum yields of PSI and PSII photochemistry largely decreased in the afternoon compared to in the morning, indicating that CO2 assimilation was strongly restricted in the afternoon. Meanwhile, non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in PSII and the donor side limitation of PSI (Y(ND)) significantly increased to protect PSI and PSII. Under such conditions, proton gradient (∆pH) across the thylakoid membranes largely increased and CEF was slightly stimulated, indicating that the increased ∆pH was not caused by the regulation of CEF. In contrast, the activity of chloroplast ATP synthase (gH+) largely decreased in the afternoon. At a given proton flux, the decreasing gH+ increased ∆pH and thus contributed to the enhancement of NPQ and Y(ND). Therefore, in the CAM plant V. planifolia, the ∆pH-dependent photoprotective mechanism is mainly regulated by the regulation of gH+ rather than CEF when CO2 assimilation is restricted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adsorption of nitrate in aqueous solution on the raw activated carbon and the activated carbon modified by metals extracted from water treatment residual was explored. XRF was showed that the surface of activated carbon was successfully loaded with Al, Fe and other elements, the loading capacity of Fe was 4.61 mg/g,and that of Al was 13. 80 mg/g. The modified activated carbon has a lower specific surface area due to the loading of metal ions in the pores of the modified activated carbon. Batch tests showed that the adsorption of nitrate nitrogen on modified activated carbon fitted the pseudo-second-order model well,and the adsorption isotherm fited the Langmuir model. At 288 IK, the adsorption capacity of nitrate on modified activated carbon was 2. 752 5 mgg,the process of nitrate adsorption on modified activated carbon was entropy increase and exothermic,and it was spontaneous reaction. The nitrate adsorption on modified activated carbon was better under acidic and neutral conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A long-term stable self-organised cubic blue-phase liquid crystal superstructure at a relatively low temperature down to −20°C was achieved through doping a low-molecular-weight and short-chain diluter [4-pentyl-4ʹ-propyl-1,1ʹ-bi(cyclohexyl)] (5CC3) with low viscosity into liquid crystal host. The prepared sample with the diluter-induced low-viscous liquid crystal host not only exhibited a considerably stable cubic structure, but also possessed durable outstanding electro-optical performances, e.g. fast response time, relatively low driving voltage and hysteresis at such a low temperature as compared with those of the conventional polymer stabilised blue-phase liquid crystal. Therefore, we have disclosed a feasible strategy for overcoming the formidable problem of low-temperature applicability of blue-phase liquid crystals, and the proposed diluter-doped polymer stabilised blue-phase liquid crystal paves broad ways for versatile applications of the relevant materials at low temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]