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Healthcare settings are increasingly adopting nature-based interventions (NBIs) to support users' health and well-being, but these interventions are often underutilized. To get a grip on utilization problems, insight into factors that affect use and uptake of NBIs in routine care is needed. This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of factors that facilitate or impede successful implementation of NBIs in hospitals, long-term care facilities for the elderly (LTCF), and rehabilitation centers. Systematic searches were conducted across various databases to identify studies that collected qualitative and/or quantitative data on the implementation of NBIs in healthcare settings. Findings were classified into the five domains of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. A total of 57 articles were included in the review. The articles provide detailed insight into facilitating and impeding implementation factors related to the intervention (e.g., awareness, adaptability, type of natural elements, accessibility, safety, weather conditions, comfort, privacy, supportive design factors, activities). Other found factors related to the inner setting (e.g., culture, implementation climate) and individuals (e.g., characteristics and opportunities of stakeholders). Factors related to the outer setting (e.g., financing) and implementation process (e.g., teaming, assessing needs, planning, engaging, doing, integration in care and therapy, reflection and evaluation, maintenance) also emerged, but to a lesser extent. This review identified a broad range of factors important for the successful implementation of NBIs, which can guide implementation of future NBIs. To complement these findings, future studies should consider conducting implementation studies. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims Paediatric inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is characterized by altered immunological and metabolic pathways. Metabolomics may therefore increase pathophysiological understanding and could develop into characterization of biomarkers for diagnosis and IBD treatment response. However, no uniform metabolomic profiles have been identified to date. This systematic review aimed to identify faecal metabolomic signatures in paediatric IBD vs controls, and to describe metabolites associated with disease activity and treatment response. Methods A literature search was performed in Embase, Medline, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Studies assessing faecal metabolomics in paediatric patients < 18 years with IBD [ de novo , active, inactive] with comparative groups [IBD vs non-IBD; responders vs non-responders] were included. The quality of included studies was assessed according to the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results Nineteen studies were included [540 patients with IBD, 386 controls], assessing faecal short-chain fatty acids [SCFA] [five studies], amino acids [AA] [ten studies], bile acids [BA] [eight studies] and other metabolites [nine studies] using various methodologies. Significantly increased levels of AA [particularly phenylalanine], primary BA and lower levels of secondary BA were described in paediatric IBD compared to controls. Faecal SCFA results varied across studies. Additionally, responders and non-responders to exclusive enteral nutrition and infliximab showed differences in baseline faecal metabolites [based on BA, AA]. Conclusions This systematic review provides evidence for distinct faecal metabolomic profiles in paediatric IBD. However, results varied across studies, possibly due to differences in study design and applied analytical techniques. Faecal metabolomics could provide more insight into host–microbial interactions in IBD, but further studies with standardized methodologies and reporting are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with a percentage of central and mixed apnea index in the total apnea−hypopnea index (CMAI%) ≧25%. Patients treated with MMA for OSA were retrospectively evaluated for baseline and postoperative patient data and polysomnographic results. The pre- and postoperative obstructive, central and mixed apnea parameters were compared. Of the included 78 patients, 21 patients (27%) presented with CMAI% ≧25% (median CMAI%, 49.1%; 35.9–63.8) prior to MMA. In 67% of these cases, MMA resulted in CMAI% <25 (median CMAI%, 6.1%; 2.1–8.9) and significantly improved the apnea−hypopnea index (AHI) (p < 0.001), the lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation (p < 0.001), central and mixed apnea index (p < 0.001), percentage of central and mixed apneas of total AHI (p = 0.004), central apnea index (p < 0.001), and mixed apnea index (p < 0.001). CMAI% ≧25% emerged in 25% of patients after MMA (median CMAI%, 49.1%; 35.9–63.8). Within the undeniable limitations of the study, it seems that the presence of CMAI% ≧25% should not be regarded as a contraindication for MMA in OSA patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Youth violence is of public health and social concern. A South African cluster randomized trial (434 grade 10 students, 16 schools), used the Integrated Model for Behavior Change conceptual framework to implement a 20 module classroom-based intervention program. The study contributes to the literature and used a strong analytical technique since mixed effects linear regression assessed the impact of the intervention on physical violence endpoints and other socioeconomic confounders/factors. The intervention reduced students' experiencing physical violence compared to controls and social pressure for this, yet no differences were found for hitting others. Our results support findings that school programs against violence can reduce students' experience of physical violence, but translation of these findings to reduce the actual hitting of others may need further approaches and/or more time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Web-based tailored interventions are a promising approach to help people with type 2 diabetes successfully adopt regular physical activity. Spoken animation seems to be effective regardless of the characteristics of the user and may be a relevant strategy to communicate complex health information.Objective: The objectives of our study were to evaluate (1) pretesting communication elements and user appreciation, and (2) the applied behavior change techniques of the previously designed spoken animated video messages in a tailored self-management program for people with type 2 diabetes.Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with patients with type 2 diabetes recruited from general practices located in different socioeconomic status urban neighborhoods. Based on the pretesting key communication elements of Salazar's model, we asked participants about the spoken animated video messages' attractiveness, comprehensibility, acceptance, believability, involvement, and relevance and to what extent the video messages motivated them to become more physically active. We also assessed participants' intention to use the spoken animated video messages and to recommend them to others. To evaluate participants' appreciation of the different applied behavior change techniques, we conducted a post hoc analysis of the qualitative data using the MAXQDA program. Transcripts were coded by 2 coders using iterative qualitative content analysis methods to uncover key health communication issues.Results: Of 23 patients who expressed an interest in participating, 17 met the inclusion criteria and 15 took part in the interviews. The positive appreciation of the comprehensibility, believability, and personalization was supported by participants' statements on behavior change techniques and other communication elements. Reinforcement of and feedback on participants' answers were positively evaluated as was the simplicity and concreteness of the spoken animated video messages. Most participants indicated reasons for not feeling motivated to increase their physical activity level, including being already sufficiently physically active and the presence of other impeding health factors.Conclusions: Spoken animated video messages should be simple, short, concrete, and without the use of medical terminology. Providing positive reinforcement, feedback on participants' answers, examples that match user characteristics, and the possibility to identify with the animation figures will enhance involvement in the health message. To connect more with patients' needs and thereby increase the perceived relevance of and motivation to use an animated video program, we suggest offering the program soon after diabetes mellitus is diagnosed. We recommend piloting behavior change techniques to identify potential resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most car manufacturers predict that in the first half of the next decade there will be fully autonomous vehicles on our roads. Such vehicles would have to communicate in order to mitigate problems caused by single-viewpoint approach. So there are a lot of researches and developments when it comes to communication layer of V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), but there is still a lot to be done when it comes to data layer of this communication. This is why we propose using Semantic Web Technologies (SWT) to fill in gaps within data layer of V2X communication. By using SWT (Semantic Web Technologies) and Linked data, we plan to interconnect various data sources, in order to provide homogeneous way for connected autonomous vehicles (CAV) to access relevant information. Such information is currently contained in three distinctive type of sources. These are: Geo-stationary Static data sources (Maps, City models), Geostationary Dynamic data sources (IoT devices) and Non-geostationary Dynamic sources (Vehicles). Using SWT, our goal is to develop ontology(s), in such a way that in-vehicle algorithms can extract and process information about environment they are in, while taking into account available network bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most car manufacturers predict that in the first half of the next decade there will be fully autonomous vehicles on our roads. Such vehicles would have to communicate in order to mitigate problems caused by single-viewpoint approach. So there are a lot of researches and developments when it comes to communication layer of V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), but there is still a lot to be done when it comes to data layer of this communication. This is why we propose using Semantic Web Technologies (SWT) to fill in gaps within data layer of V2X communication. By using SWT (Semantic Web Technologies) and Linked data, we plan to interconnect various data sources, in order to provide homogeneous way for connected autonomous vehicles (CAV) to access relevant information. Such information is currently contained in three distinctive type of sources. These are: Geo-stationary Static data sources (Maps, City models), Geostationary Dynamic data sources (IoT devices) and Non-geostationary Dynamic sources (Vehicles). Using SWT, our goal is to develop ontology(s), in such a way that in-vehicle algorithms can extract and process information about environment they are in, while taking into account available network bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction industry is causing resource shortages and waste but has the potential to become an industry that can practice the value of a circular economy (CE). A number of studies on the circular economy have been published recently, but few studies have investigated the awareness and practices of construction companies related to CE or provided effective CE strategies for their projects. This study formulated 26 CE strategies based on a literature review and experts' opinions. The attitudes regarding importance and adoption awareness of the construction companies were analyzed via a questionnaire survey and the importance-adoption analysis (IAA) model. The results show that small-sized companies and senior executives have a higher awareness of circularity, and medium- and large-sized companies face the CE with a more conservative attitude. In particular, construction projects have adopted mature CE strategies such as building information modeling (BIM) for project management, construction, demolition and waste management, and maintenance management, while CE strategies regarding construction systematization, resource recovery, and regeneration are potential strategies preferred by construction companies. In-depth interviews also reveal that three main obstacles, such as high CE adoption costs, lack of local market demands, and owners' low awareness of CE, may slow down the implementation of circularity in the construction industry. The findings of this study are beneficial for exploring the current situations of CE in the construction industry and could help the government to better understand the problems of CE development, so as to formulate future development policies and suggestions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The administration of intravenous (IV) fluids to women during labour is a clinical practice identified to have clinical variation. Whilst a degree of variation is expected to meet the different needs and choices of women and their families, unwarranted clinical variation exists outside this scope. Unwarranted clinical variation is a concern as it can contribute to a risk of harm through exposing a woman to an intervention that they do not need or missing out on important aspects of clinical care that they do. Currently practices surrounding IV fluids administration to women in labour within Australia are largely undescribed and there is limited evidence available to guide practice. These factors increase the risk of unwarranted clinical variation occurring. To examine the practice of midwives administering IV fluids during labour and what influences a midwife to document maternal fluid balance. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with Registered Midwives working across Australia. Thematic analysis was conducted. There was widespread clinical variation identified for the administration of IV fluids in labour and midwives reported a potential risk of harm. Eight major themes were identified: A variable clinical practice; Triggers and habits; Workplace and professional culture; Foundational knowledge; Perception of risk; Professional standards and regulations; The importance of monitoring maternal fluid balance; and barriers and facilitators to fluid balance documentation. There is a wide variety in clinical practice for IV fluid administration to women during labour. More research is required to determine whether the variation is unwarranted. The major themes identified will inform future quantitative research about the impact of IV fluids during labour and improving documentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bonaire is considered to harbor some of the best remaining coral reefs of the Caribbean, but faces multiple pressures including eutrophication. We measured multiple water quality indicators twice annually, from November 2011 to May 2013, at 11 locations at the west coast of Bonaire. This study resulted in 834 data points. DIN concentrations ranged from below quantification to 2.69 μmol/l, phosphate from below quantification to 0.16 μmol/l, and chlorophyll-a from 0.02 to 0.42 μg/l. Several indicators showed signs of eutrophication, with spatial and temporal effects. At southern and urban locations threshold levels of nitrogen were exceeded. This can be a result of brine leaching into sea from salt works and outflow of sewage water. Chlorophyll-a showed an increase in time, and phosphorus seemed to show a similar trend. These eutrophication indicators are likely to exceed threshold levels in near future if the observed trend continues. This is a cause for concern and action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individual usage of social media is expected to have a growing impact on the corporate reputation of organisations. Influential users of social media can disseminate positive or negative information and opinions about products, services, brands or businesses among members of their online networks in the social media spaces. The impact of such actions can often be substantial; negative information and opinions posted in social networks, blogs, online communities and forums has the potential to reach large numbers of people and substantially impact on the organisation's image and reputation. It is important for organisations to identify the online influencers - customers with important social networking impact - and identify ways to interact with them in order to respond efficiently to bad publicity or customer attacks. This study, based on extensive literature review and experts panel study based on the Delphi method, we construct a model identifying the social media influencers and the impact of these influencers on the corporate reputation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the recent JET experimental campaigns with the new ITER-like wall (JET-ILW), major progress has been achieved in the characterization and operation of the H-mode regime in metallic environments: (i) plasma breakdown has been achieved at the first attempt and X-point L-mode operation recovered in a few days of operation; (ii) stationary and stable type-I ELMy H-modes with βN ∼ 1.4 have been achieved in low and high triangularity ITER-like shape plasmas and are showing that their operational domain at H = 1 is significantly reduced with the JET-ILW mainly because of the need to inject a large amount of gas (above 1022 D s−1) to control core radiation; (iii) in contrast, the hybrid H-mode scenario has reached an H factor of 1.2–1.3 at βN of 3 for 2–3 s; and, (iv) in comparison to carbon equivalent discharges, total radiation is similar but the edge radiation is lower and Zeff of the order of 1.3–1.4. Strong core radiation peaking is observed in H-mode discharges at a low gas fuelling rate (i.e. below 0.5 × 1022 D s−1) and low ELM frequency (typically less than 10 Hz), even when the tungsten influx from the diverter is constant. High-Z impurity transport from the plasma edge to the core appears to be the dominant factor to explain these observations. This paper reviews the major physics and operational achievements and challenges that an ITER-like wall configuration has to face to produce stable plasma scenarios with maximized performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study regarding non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching (NPQ) and xanthophyll cycle responses resulting from photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in certain coastal phytoplanktons from Potter Cove on King George Island in Antarctica. The study involving Chaetoceros brevis and Phaeocystis antarctica cultures aims to determine whether photoinhibition plays a role in taxon dominance and moderate phytoplankton biomass in the region during summer. Results show that high light acclimation has led to significant NPQs and a decrease in excess PAR and UVR effects on photosynthesis. Another finding indicates that P. antarctica was more dependent on chloroplast protein synthesis under protein synthesis inhibition.

Purpose: To prepare a porcine model for femoral artery pseudoaneurysm via a one-step surgical procedure without the need for microsurgery. Materials and Methods: This pseudoaneurysm model involves the preparation of an arteriovenous shunt between the femoral artery and femoral vein in which approximately 2 cm of the vein is segmented by proximal and distal closure with the use of ligatures. The femoral pseudoaneurysm models were evaluated by angiography, Doppler auscultation, and histologic examination. Results: In seven of eight pigs, angiography and Doppler auscultation showed that the pseudoaneurysm models were open and that there was communication between the pseudoaneurysm model and the femoral artery. The mean length (±SD) of the pseudoaneurysm model was 1.9 cm ± 0.3 (n= 7), with a neck region of 4 mm. Histologic analysis confirmed that pseudoaneurysm models were open and no thrombi were observed. Conclusions: The principal advantages of this model are the location of the pseudoaneurysm model, the short period of clamping, and the controllable size. The pig pseudoaneurysm model is straightforward and reproducible, and may serve as a useful tool in the evaluation of interventional strategies for treatment of pseudoaneurysms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]