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In this paper, the newly directed fuzzy graphs are generated using the operations such as union, join, composition and cartesian product of two directed fuzzy graphs, accompanied by their illustrative analysis. The degree of vertices in the newly generated directed fuzzy graphs is defined, and properties based on vertex degree are established. Additionally, the degrees of corresponding vertices in the composition and cartesian product of two directed fuzzy graphs are compared. The orientation of defined operations on fuzzy graphs is compared with the corresponding operations on directed fuzzy graphs and analyzed through illustrative examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While devolution in Scotland and Wales is often established as the settled will, it has been built on unsettled ground, lacking a robust system of intergovernmental relations, and sitting increasingly at odds with the central principle of parliamentary sovereignty. Examining successive UK Conservative-led governments, we evaluate devolution in Scotland and Wales through the lens of the Asymmetric Power Model and the British Political Tradition, documenting changes in the position of successive Conservative governments, from the more plurinationally sensitive respect agenda of David Cameron to the more assertive and intrusive Unionism advanced under those in post after 2016, notably Theresa May and Boris Johnson. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Everybody knows most white working people no longer vote for Democrats, but there's no agreement why. Leftists blame neoliberals for enacting policies that deregulated business instead of redistributing wealth. Conservatives and some liberals argue that the fault lies in cultural ideas and principles that progressives have compelled Democrats to embrace—from transgender rights and restrictions on gun ownership to critical race theory and a dismissal of religious faith. Others, echoing the Marxist notion of "false consciousness," accuse ordinary white people of fearing Black Americans and undocumented immigrants instead of making common cause with fellow workers of different racial or national backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi is the property of Justice Academy of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The concepts of domination and topological index hold great significance within the realm of graph theory. Therefore, it is pertinent to merge these concepts to derive the domination index of a graph. A novel concept of the domination index is introduced, which utilizes the domination degree of a vertex. The domination degree of a vertex a is defined as the minimum cardinality of a minimal dominating set (MDS) that includes a. Methods to find a MDS containing a particular vertex is also discussed in the study. The notion of domination degree and domination index are studied for graphs like complete graphs, complete bipartite, r − partite graphs, cycles, wheels, paths, book graphs, windmill graphs, Kragujevac trees. The study is extended to operation in graphs. Inequalities involving domination degree and already established graph parameters are discussed. An application of domination degree is discussed in facility allocation in a city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are some discursive arguments that justify the proposition that the intellect and the intelligible are one unified thing. One scholar who has paid attention to this proposition is Avicenna. The examination of this proposition is one of the key principles of Avicenna’s epistemology. In his al-Mabda’ wa al-Ma’ad, Avicenna agrees with the justifying arguments for the proposition, but in his other works he seriously disagrees with it. As a prominent researcher, Lahigi deeply looked into the issue and after the description of Avicenna’s view, he criticized Avicenna’s propositional justification in al-Mabda’ wa al-Ma’ad .Viewing the importance of the earlier study in the light of the later study, the author has reported Lahigi’s view and criticism of Avicenna. In the course of his study, Lahigi has demonstrated that Avicenna’s true view on the intellect-and-intelligible union is to disagree with it and his agreement in al-Mabda’ wa al-Ma’ad along with his suggested arguments is only on the face of it. The approaches of the two philosophers to the issue reveal how they have conceived the concept of union. Accordingly, they have sought for the union of two concepts, rather than two modes of existence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Design. A retrospective chart review. Objective. The objective of this study is to investigate whether direct pars repair achieves bone healing and symptom relief in patients with spondylolitic spondylolisthesis. Summary of Background Data. While most cases of spondylolysis can be managed nonoperatively, a small percentage of patients require surgical intervention. The outcome of direct pars repair through a standard pedicle-screw with wiring technique is controversial in patients with lumbar spondylolitic spondylolisthesis. Materials and Methods. Medical records of patients who had undergone an open surgical pars repair were retrospectively reviewed. Standard demographic and surgical parameters were collected. All patients underwent a primary repair of the pars with an autograft or bone morphogenetic protein and instrumentation using a pedicle-screw with spinous process wiring. At 6 to 12 months after the surgery, patient's pain symptoms, and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were independently reviewed to assess healing; which was graded as nonunion, partial union, or solid union. Results. There were 68 patients identified (33 male and 35 female), with an average age of 18.6 years. The mean estimated blood loss was 139 ml, and the mean length of hospital stay was 3.7 days. CT evaluation revealed 35 (52%) solid unions, 21 (31%) partial unions, and 12 (18%) nonunions requiring revisions. Thirtyfour (50%) patients had no postoperative pain, 24 (35%) had mild pain, and 10 (15%) had persistent pain. The majority of patients with nonunions on CT had mild or persistent pain. Patients with no or mild pain tended to be younger than those with persistent pain (17.5 vs. 24.6 yr, P=0.163). Conclusion. This study demonstrated a partial or complete union rate of 82% and a postoperative persistent pain rate of 15%. These figures are comparable to the previous study, and this pediclescrew with wiring technique can be worth trying before interbody fusion for spondylolytic spondylolisthesis to preserve anatomical lumbar motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using National Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS) data, we examine which farmworkers are unionized and whether their status differs systematically from non‐unionized farmworkers. Logit results indicate farmworkers are less likely to be unionized if they are Black, unauthorized to work in the U.S., less educated, have English proficiency, work for farm labor contractors (versus growers), and cultivate field (vs. horticulture) crops. Blinder‐Oaxaca decomposition reveals that union members earn $0.87 more in hourly wages, are 4.8% points more likely to receive a bonus, and are 15.6% points more likely to have employer‐provided health insurance than comparable non‐unionized farmworkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have developed new methods for constructing exponential Riesz bases by combining existing ones. These methods involve taking unions of frequency sets and domains respectively, offering easier construction compared to known techniques. Along with examples illustrating our methods, we also provide several examples that highlight the intricate nature of exponential Riesz bases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The revolution of 1848 allowed the clarification of the national program, which essentially provided for the union of the principalities, the modernization of society and the economy, the affirmation on the international political scene. In the cities of Buzău and Focșanii Munteni, the revolution took place with energy, driven by personalities such as Scarlat Turnavitu, Captain Nicolae Șonțu, Scarlat Voinescu. They tried to apply the provisions of the Proclamation of Islaz and the decisions of the revolutionary government. If in Moldova, the revolution was prepared in a hurry and could not mobilize the masses wide of the population, in Wallachia the situation it was different. They tried to apply the provisions of the Proclamation of Islaz and the decisions of the revolutionary government. Through the programs his, the revolution deepened the idea of ​national unity. On the European level, it led to the emergence of a current of opinion favorable to the Principalities, visible once with the signing of the Paris Peace Treaty of March 1859 and the Paris Convention of 1858. The two counties of Wallachia from the Outer Curvature of the Carpathians, Buzau and Slam-Râmnic had important contributions to the unfolding of the revolution and the propagation of ideas it in the great mass of the inhabitants.

This study investigated the problem of constructing almost difference sets from single and unions of cyclotomic classes of order 10 (with and without zero) of the finite field GF(q), where q is a prime of the form q = 10n+1 for integer n≥1 and q

Summary: Antiresorptive medications do not negatively affect fracture healing in humans. Teriparatide may decrease time to fracture healing. Romosozumab has not shown a beneficial effect on human fracture healing. Background: Fracture healing is a complex process. Uncertainty exists over the influence of osteoporosis and the medications used to treat it on fracture healing. Methods: Narrative review authored by the members of the Fracture Working Group of the Committee of Scientific Advisors of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), on behalf of the IOF and the Société Internationale de Chirurgie Orthopédique et de Traumatologie (SICOT). Results: Fracture healing is a multistep process. Most fractures heal through a combination of intramembranous and endochondral ossification. Radiographic imaging is important for evaluating fracture healing and for detecting delayed or non-union. The presence of callus formation, bridging trabeculae, and a decrease in the size of the fracture line over time are indicative of healing. Imaging must be combined with clinical parameters and patient-reported outcomes. Animal data support a negative effect of osteoporosis on fracture healing; however, clinical data do not appear to corroborate with this. Evidence does not support a delay in the initiation of antiresorptive therapy following acute fragility fractures. There is no reason for suspension of osteoporosis medication at the time of fracture if the person is already on treatment. Teriparatide treatment may shorten fracture healing time at certain sites such as distal radius; however, it does not prevent non-union or influence union rate. The positive effect on fracture healing that romosozumab has demonstrated in animals has not been observed in humans. Conclusion: Overall, there appears to be no deleterious effect of osteoporosis medications on fracture healing. The benefit of treating osteoporosis and the urgent necessity to mitigate imminent refracture risk after a fracture should be given prime consideration. It is imperative that new radiological and biological markers of fracture healing be identified. It is also important to synthesize clinical and basic science methodologies to assess fracture healing, so that a convergence of the two frameworks can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractLet G be a group and A, B, C be subgroups of G. In this paper, we prove that if G=AB∪BC, then G = AB or G = BC. But, in general, G=AB∪AC does not imply that G = AB or G = AC. We also prove that if G is a 2-decomposed group, and G is a Sylow tower group or G is nilpotent-by-nilpotent, then G=AB∪AC implies that G = AB or G = AC. Other interesting special cases are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Finite automata that traverse graphs by moving along their edges are known as graph-walking automata (GWA). This paper investigates the state complexity of Boolean operations for this model. It is proved that the union of GWA with m and n states, with m ≤ n, operating on graphs with k labels of edge end-points, is representable by a GWA with 2km + n + 1 states, and at least 2(k − 3)(m − 1) + n − 1 states are necessary in the worst case. For the intersection, the upper bound is (2k + 1)m + n and the lower bound is 2(k − 3)(m − 1) + n − 1. The upper bound for the complementation is 2kn + 1, and the lower bound is 2(k − 3)(n − 1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Case: A 32-year-old man presented with a type II open both-bone forearm fracture and segmental bone loss because of complete extrusion of a diaphyseal fragment (3 cm) of ulna. The patient presented to our level 1 trauma center after a motor vehicle collision. The extruded segment underwent sterilization and immediate reimplantation with internal fixation approximately 6 hours after arrival. Our patient achieved union by 7-month follow-up, demonstrated excellent functional outcomes, and was free from infection at 1-year follow-up. Conclusion: In select cases, successful reimplantation can be achieved by meticulous debridement, sterilization, and immediate reimplantation with internal fixation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: It is still controversial whether complete displaced mid-shaft clavicle fractures should be treated with internal fixation or conservative therapy. This retrospective study aims to compare clinical outcomes of two treatment protocols. Materials and methods: 105 patients with displaced and comminuted mid-shaft clavicle fractures were included in this study, among which 55 patients were treated conservatively and 50 patients accepted surgical fixation and were followed up for over 20 months on average. Rate of union, malunion, time taken for union, functional outcome, self-reported satisfaction and complications were compared. Results: Union rate of operative group (n=49, 98.0%) was higher than the non-operative group (n=48, 87.3%). Time taken for union in operative group (2.37±1.06 months) was shorter than the non-operative group (3.69±1.01 months). Malunion and asymmetric were only seen in the conservative group. Numbness of the shoulder was only reported in the operative group (n=23, 46.0%). Most of patients in the operative group (n=45, 90%) accepted a second operation to remove the implant. No statistically difference was found in self-reported satisfaction, Quick-DASH and Constant-Murley score. The operative group returned to work faster (1.47±0.89 to 3.34±1.37 months), regained full range of motion earlier (1.66±0.78 to 3.83±1.24 months) and regained strength faster (3.86±2.45 to 8.03±2.78 months) than the non-operative group. Conclusion: Complete displaced and comminuted mid-shaft clavicle fractures treated surgically have more reliable union and faster recovery when compared to conservatively treated fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyril of Alexandria is best known for his teaching on Christ (Christology). Beginning with the wider soteriological framework for Cyril's teaching on Christ, this study will first establish the core principles and then move to consider contested and controversial aspects of Cyril's Christology. By drawing attention to Cyril's frequent statements that the Incarnate Christ acts both "as man" (as a human being) and "as God", I will offer support for there being two active natures in Cyril's view of Christ and will propose that Cyril's Christ acting "as man" opens the way for recognizing the specific human activity of Christ that is intended as a model for human imitation. The study will conclude with considerations on the wider ecumenical impact of Cyril's Christological doctrine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report describes a novel and unique combination of both electromagnetic and electrohydraulic focused extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) and extracorporeal magnetotransduction therapy (EMTT) for accelerated healing in a calcaneus epiphyseal fracture with delayed healing in an adolescent Parkour athlete. After a 2.5m jump, the 14-year-old experienced significant heel pain, however avoided telling his parents. After eight weeks, the initial imaging using ultra low dose weight-bearing cone beam CT (WBCT) revealed a calcaneus non-union situation adjacent to the open calcaneal physis. To improve and accelerate bony healing substantially, we chose to apply both combined focused electromagnetic (Storz Ultra, Storz Medical AG, Tägerwillen, CH) and focused electrohydraulic (MTS, Konstanz, Germany) ESWT in a fractioned fashion plus EMTT (Storz Magnetolith, Tägerwillen, CH) in five consecutive weekly sessions while allowing the patient to fully weight bear. The follow-up WBCT after six weeks revealed a near to total healing of the delayed union and being pain-free. Notably, combination therapy with focused ESWT and EMTT did not result in early closure of the calcaneal epiphysis. We conclude that combined focused electromagnetic and electrohydraulic ESWT and EMTT facilitate bony healing in adolescent calcaneal apophyseal fractures without any adverse effects on the open physis. Evidence level IV (case report). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is generally known that during the Reformation, there was no good relationship between the Protestant denominations, and rather discord and intolerance characterized the relationship between the Lutheran and Calvinist churches in particular. The same applied to the rejectionist and sometimes-persecutory attitude of the two leading Protestant doctrines towards radical tendencies. This was manifested on several levels and for different reasons. First and foremost, it was caused by theological differences, i.e. each Reformation doctrine was convinced of the sole truth of its own doctrine. These disagreements were manifested in the first joint Protestant synods and later in disputes between individual theologians, in polemical writings, but also in the denial of any unification of religions. Another important factor that influenced the bad relationship was, of course, the loss of believers. Especially the Evangelical Church, which had been established in the mid-16th century, feared that the later spreading Swiss Reformation doctrines would cause a loss of believers. However, there have been individual, local examples where different Protestant religions have been able to cooperate and ally with each other very well and profitably when mutual benefit or even existential motivation was at stake. The paper would like to outline some examples of this: the union between the Protestants and the Reformed in Zemplín County existing throughout six decades in the 17th century, the union between the Reformed Church and the Bohemian brethren concluded in 1647, and the union in the form of smooth coexistence between the Protestants and the Reformed in Košice in the first half of the 17th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we studied the properties of generalized John domains in metric space. We prove that a domain D is a φ-John domain if, and only if, D∖P is a φ′-John domain, where P is a subset of D containing finitely many points of D. Meanwhile, we also showed that the union of φ-John domains is a φ″-John domain in metric space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: High-velocity trauma causes proximal tibial fractures, which have extensive articular involvement, numerous displaced condylar fracture lines, and soft tissue injuries. Complications are possible with the standard treatment, which is open reduction and internal fixation by a dual midline incision and dual plating. Nevertheless, a single midline incision is sufficient for the procedure. That's why we decidedto conduct this intervention. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of proximal tibial fracture fixation using a double plating technique through a single midline incision. Study type,settings& duration:This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, PAEC Hospital,Islamabad, from March 2020 to March 2023. Methodology:Patients, aged 16 or above were enrolled who presented with proximal tibial fracture and underwent dual plating by giving single midline incision. Patients were followed-up and outcomes including infection, union, needed bone grafting, additional split skin graft and flap surgery and others were noted. SPSS version 25 was used to analyse the data. Results:Total 100 patients were enrolled in the study with the mean age of 44.71±17.88 years. There were 58 (58.0%) male patients and 42 (42.0%) female patients. The mean duration of surgery was 74.11±8.91 minutes. Out of 100 patients, 57 (57.0%) patients had excellent functional outcome, 34 (34.0%) patients had good fictional outcome, while 7 (7.0%) patients had fair functional outcome and 2 (2.0%) had poor functional outcome. Out of 100 patients, union achieved in 81 (81.0%) cases. Infection occurred in 2 (2.0%) cases, Knee stiffness in 12 (12.0%) cases, body graft was applied in 1 (1.0%) cases and skin graft and flap surgery was done in 1 (1.0%) cases and deep venous thrombosis in 2 (2.0%) cases. Conclusion:Dual plating for proximal tibial fracture via single midline is an appropriate method and is more than 90% successful in achieving good to excellent results and can replace other techniques which need more incision and increases the risk of infection.

The purpose of this study was to report our experience caring for burn patients with femur fractures and to compare outcomes of fractures treated with internal fixation within and after 48 h of injury. Twenty femur fractures were identified in the 17 burn patients. Two patients died prior to definitive fixation of their fractures. Of the fractures fixed internally within 48 h, 60% (6 out of 10) of fractures went on to predicted union and 44% of patients had systemic complications. Of the fractures treated after 48 h, only 25% (2 out of 8) went onto predicted union and all patients had significant systemic complications. To our knowledge, this is the largest series of femur fractures in burn patients reported, and in this series early internal fixation was associated with more favorable outcomes.

We are attempting to give an account of the paradoxical argument developed by Descartes in his letter to Arnauld of 29 July 1648, arguing that mens etiam corporea dici potest (AT V, 223, 9-10). To explain its meaning, Descartes resorts to the scholastic theory of gravity, whose real physical meaning he disqualifies, while using it analogically to convey his thesis of a real interaction between the soul and the body.

Abstract Analyzing the relations between Boolean functions has many applications in many fields, such as database systems, cryptography, and collision problems. This paper proposes four quantum algorithms that use amplitude amplification techniques to perform set operations, including Intersection, Difference, and Union, on two Boolean functions in $$\mathcal {O}(\sqrt{\mathcal {N}} )$$ O ( N ) time complexity. The proposed algorithms employ two quantum amplitude amplification techniques divided into two stages. The first stage uses the Younes et al. algorithm for quantum searching via entanglement and partial diffusion to prepare incomplete superpositions of the truth set of the first Boolean function. In the second stage, a modified version of Arima’s algorithm, along with an oracle that represent the second Boolean function, is employed to handle the set operations. The proposed algorithms have a higher probability of success in more general and comprehensive applications when compared with relevant techniques in literature.

Cyril of Alexandria's Festal Letters are an underutilised source of his theology. Through them one can trace the development of his thought throughout the tumultuous years of his episcopacy. In this article, I draw attention to Cyril's 'unitive' Christology and the way he explains the incarnation to those under his pastoral care. Cyril employs key strategies informed by strong theological convictions to describe Christ as one subject who is fully divine and human. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to analyze marriage expectations among sexual minority youth in the United States. The possibility of marriage for same-sex couples is recent in the United States. As same-sex couples used to be excluded from getting married, LGB adults have expressed concerns about the institution of marriage and have been less likely than their heterosexual peers to consider it for themselves. However, research is lacking when considering marriage expectations and attitudes regarding marriage among LGBTQ youth. We use wave 2 of the SOGI-Q Health Study, a community sample of 542 LGBTQ youth aged 15–21 collected in 2013, a time prior to federal marriage equality. We assessed measured marriage expectations, both to a same-sex partner and to a different-sex partner, as well as attitudes regarding marriage. Results indicated that gay and lesbian youth were more likely than queer and bisexual youth to expect to get married to a same-sex partner. Individual factors (e.g., higher levels of disclosure to family members) and structural factors (e.g., knowing a married same-sex couple), were associated with higher marriage expectations to a same-sex partner. Religiosity was associated with higher expectations of marriage to a different-sex partner. Sexual identity, religiosity, disclosure, and knowing married same-sex couples were significantly associated with LGBTQ youths' expectations to marry a same-sex and/or different-sex partner, as well as their attitudes about marriage more broadly. Attitudes and expectations regarding marriage among sexual minority youth have implications for their future couple and family formation, which are broadly associated with well-being across the adult lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distal tibial autograft harvesting has been studied in the past, but morbidity at the level of the donor site is unclear. The purpose of this retrospective review is to assess morbidity in distal tibial autograft harvesting associated with foot and ankle arthrodesis procedures. A retrospective analysis was performed utilizing patients treated in the last 13 years at a large, multicenter, academic, tertiary referral, research institution. Included patients were between the ages of 18 and 80 years old. One-hundred and seven patients (39 male; 68 female) underwent ipsilateral distal tibial bone graft (n = 110) harvesting to augment the index procedure. Patients were followed for an average of 11.2 months after surgery (Range: 1-73 months). The incidence rate of distal tibial stress fractures was 4.5%, with an overall postoperative complication rate of 8.2%. Overall, low complication rates associated with distal tibial autograft harvesting were found, supporting the use of the distal tibia as an appropriate site for autograft harvesting in foot and ankle surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the political spillover and stealth democracy hypotheses as complementary mechanisms to account for any relationship between workplace democracy and democratic legitimacy in Europe from micro (employee-level) and macro (country-level) perspectives. The results from the micro-level analyses reveal that neither workplace democracy nor self-reported membership in trade unions has any direct impact on democratic legitimacy; rather, past union membership produces a negative impact. However, the effect of workplace democracy on democratic legitimacy becomes salient only when mediated by job satisfaction and political interest. On the other hand, the macro-level analysis demonstrates that union density, a measure of workplace democracy at the country level, plays a significant role in explaining democratic legitimacy. The relevance of union density may indicate that employees wish to keep democratic institutions in check by recruiting into the trade unions and applying legal and mobilizational pressure on the mainstream political institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The use of reverse shoulder arthroplasty as a primary and revision implant is increasing. Advances in implant design and preoperative surgical planning allow the management of complex glenoid defects. As the demand for treating severe bone loss increases, custom allograft composites are needed to match the premorbid anatomy. Baseplate composite structural allografts are used in patients with eccentric and centric defects to restore the glenoid joint line. Preserving bone stock is important in younger patients where a revision surgery is expected. The aim of this article is to present the assessment, planning, and indications of femoral head allografting for bony defects of the glenoid. Methods: The preoperative surgical planning and the surgical technique to execute the plan with a baseplate composite graft are detailed. The preliminary clinical and radiological results of 29 shoulders which have undergone this graft planning and surgical technique are discussed. Clinical outcomes included visual analogue score of pain (VAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (ASES), Constant–Murley score (CS), satisfaction before and after operation, and active range of motion. Radiological outcomes included graft healing and presence of osteolysis or loosening. Results: The use of composite grafts in this series has shown excellent clinical outcomes, with an overall graft complication rate in complex bone loss cases of 8%. Conclusion: Femoral head structural allografting is a valid and viable surgical option for glenoid bone defects in reverse shoulder arthroplasty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi is the property of Justice Academy of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lubrication Engineering (0254-0150) is the property of Editorial Office of LUBRICATION ENGINEERING and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

2-odd labeling assigns distinct integers to the nodes of a graph G(V, E) in such a manner, that the positive difference of adjacent nodes is either 2 or an odd integer, 2k ± 1, k G N. So, G is a 2-odd graph if and only if it permits 2-odd labeling. It is interesting and challenging to study certain important modifications through various graph operations on a given graph. These operations mainly modify the structure of the underlying graph and so having some understanding of the complex operations which can be done over a graph or a set of graphs is inevitable. The motivation behind the development of this article is to apply the concept of 2-odd labeling on graphs generated by using various graph operations, besides recalling a few interesting applications of graph labeling and graph coloring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory of spherical linear Diophantine fuzzy sets (SLDFS) boasts several advantages over existing fuzzy set (FS) theories such as Picture fuzzy sets (PFS), spherical fuzzy sets (SFS), and T-spherical fuzzy sets (T-SFS). Notably, SLDFS offers a significantly larger portrayal space for acceptable triplets, enabling it to encompass a wider range of ambiguous and uncertain knowledge data sets. This paper delves into the regularity of spherical linear Diophantine fuzzy graphs (SLDFGs), establishing their fundamental concepts. We provide a geometrical interpretation of SLDFGs within a spherical context and define the operations of complement, union, and join, accompanied by illustrative examples. Additionally, we introduce the novel concept of a spherical linear Diophantine isomorphic fuzzy graph and showcase its application through a social network scenario. Furthermore, we explore how this amplified depiction space can be utilized for the study of various graph theoretical topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the changes in workplace-level industrial relations resulting from the recent and unprecedented labour shortages in Québec, a province of Canada. Findings are based on preliminary results of an ongoing study of private-sector industries that have been struggling with this phenomenon. Based on a keynote presentation delivered at the 2023 AIRAANZ conference held at Magnetic Island, Australia, the article provides an overview and initial discussion of the impact of labour shortages on industrial relations. The study revealed changes in the negotiation dynamics, outcomes, and actors' behaviour in the industries affected by the shortages. The balance of bargaining power shifted in favour of workers and unions, helping them to secure significant gains in collective agreements, principally – but not entirely – related to wage increases. While a tight labour market puts employers at a disadvantage, it is not all 'win-win' for workers who may, in some cases, see their working conditions deteriorate. The same is true for unions, for whom shortages can pose problems related to succession, management of members' expectations, solidarity among members, and relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the issue of water rights and especially shared waters has been very important for a long time, But during the transition from the traditional structure, the importance of adhering to the requirements in this field has doubled. The problem of investigating on the allocation of shared waters in the European region due to the large population and lack of resources and in the African region due to the fact that a significant part of these resources has remained unused, has gained great importance and its inappropriate allocation has led to discrimination and deprivation of many people which has affected other dimensions of human rights. In order to solve this challenge and achieve the main goal, i.e. the realization of justice for all members of the human society, the legislative and judicial approach governing the two regions of Africa and Europe regarding the principle of cooperation governing the allocation of shared waters have been analyzed and through matching among them, the strengths and weaknesses of each one has been revealed. Therefore, solutions have been presented to provide good governance and the reasonable and fair allocation of these resources in accordance with the existing social realities in each land which can be applied to other areas that are facing this problem and prevented the occurrence of disputes in this area or the disputes that have occurred continuously resolved peacefully

Almost Difference Sets have extensive applications in coding theory and cryptography. In this study, we introduce new constructions of Almost Difference Sets derived from cyclotomic classes of order 12 in the finite field GF(q), where q is a prime satisfying the form q=12n+1 for positive integers n ≥ 1 and q < 1000. We show that a single cyclotomic class of order 12 (with and without zero) can form an almost difference set. Additionally, we successfully construct almost difference sets using unions of cyclotomic classes of order 12, both for even and odd values of n. To accomplish this, an exhaustive computer search employing Python was conducted. The method involved computing unions of two cyclotomic classes up to eleven classes and assessing the presence of almost difference sets. Finally, we classify the resulting almost difference sets with the same parameters up to equivalence and complementation.

Eugenio Barba has honoured NTQ by entrusting to its pages his very personal introduction to his most recent book, Le Mie vite nel terzo teatro: Diffrenza, mestiere, rivolta (My Lives in the Third Theatre: Difference, Craft, Revolt), which has here been specially translated into English by Judy Barba, the co-dedicatee, along with Julia Varley and Vera Gaeta, of his book: the 'origins and accomplices of my journey to the archipelago of floating islands'. NTQ received this translation, here prepared by the journal's editor, Maria Shevtsova, ahead of the book's launch on 5 October 2023 at the Biblioteca Bernardini in Lecce in Puglia. On a grander scale, a few days later, the occasion also saw the opening in Barba's honour of his and the Odin Teatret archives under the banner of LAFLIS (Living Archive Floating Islands), located in a wing of the three-dimensional immersive museum of the Bernardini. LAFLIS's rich collection includes written material, film and video documentaries, recordings of performances, and such artefacts and equipment as instruments, masks, and costumes gathered during Third Theatre work. The latter is neither established-classical nor avant-garde theatre but 'other' – small-group, sometimes unofficial, and often self-taught theatre. LAFLIS is not exclusively intended for researchers and scholars, but is open as well to interested members of the general public. Barba's introduction to My Lives in the Third Theatre is here published in full, clearly signposting, together with the author's succinct commentary, the itinerary of his life's multifarious work, which involved, and still involves, a wide range of participants and collaborators in different times, places, and languages, and in differing forms and patterns of creativity. Barba's account begins with his departure from Italy to Norway (1954), and his apprenticeship as a welder, and then a mariner, before tracing his move to study in Poland (1961), where he meets and works with Grotowski, his return to Oslo, where he founds Odin Teatret (1964), and then his emigration to Denmark (1966), where Odin Teatret establishes its niche within the larger framework that Barba named the Nordisk Teaterlaboratorium. Barba's journey continued, encompassing numerous theatre endeavours, including the development of the idea of a Third Theatre (the 'floating islands' alluded to above); the seminal ISTA (International School of Theatre Anthropology, 1979); and, although quite clearly not at journey's end, the Fondazione Barba Varley established in 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of unity emerged within the Muslim elite as a response to the encounter between Muslims and colonial modernity. Imam Khomeini, revered as one of the prominent proponents of this ideology, possesses a distinct vision for the governance of the Islamic world in the aftermath of Unification, emphasizing a progressive outlook. This essay aims to analyze and elucidate two problems pertaining to the political and social conditions that prevailed in the Islamic world following the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire. Firstly, it is imperative to explore the concept of Islamic unity as perceived by Imam Khomeini. Subsequently, an examination of the means by which this unity is anticipated to be achieved becomes essential. As a result, in the event that this union is actualized, what would be the proposed framework for its governance? The present analysis provides a comprehensive examination of the conceptual framework surrounding the establishment of an Islamic state, wherein sovereign republics serve as a model for governing the Islamic world in the aftermath of unification. This elucidation offers insights into the envisioned union, characterized by a confederal system. This study employed the documentary approach and historical analysis to collect and analyze data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether using a Fracture Healing Patch (FHP) device that generates pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), applied at the fracture site immediately after open reduction and internal fixation surgery, can accelerate healing of acute distal radius fractures. Methods: In a prospective, double-blind, randomized, and sham-controlled study, thirty-two patients with DRFs treated with ORIF were included. Patients were allocated to a PEMF (active) group (n = 15) or a control (sham) group (n = 17). All patients were assessed with regard to functional Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), SF12, and radiological union outcomes (X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans) at 2, 4, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Results: Patients treated with the FHP demonstrated significantly bone bridging at 4 weeks as assessed by CT (70% vs 54%, p = 0.05). Mean grip strength in the active group was significantly higher as compared to control (16 ± 9 kg vs 7 ± 3.5 kg, respectively, p = 0. 02). The function subscale of the PRWE was significantly better in PEMF-treated group at 6 weeks after surgery (27.2 VS 35.5, p = 0.04). No statistically significant differences were found in SF12. Conclusion: PEMF application after ORIF of DRFs is safe, may accelerate bone healing which could lead to an earlier return to daily life activities and work. Level of evidence: I [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to locate and analyze two practices that can be considered as experiences of social dialogue in the United States of America without the intervention of the State. For this study, it is considered that social dialogue transcends the tripartite definition of the International Labor Organization, employers, unions, and the public sector, by incorporating civil society organizations, or by limiting itself to a bipartite dialogue. Likewise, it assumes that the creation of public institutions for social dialogue is not necessary since simple alliances between sectors can allow the generation of common projects. With a qualitative methodology, the result of this study shows the recognition of rights and obligations of two labor movements: the Anti-Sweatshop movement and the movement of caregivers and home care nurses in the State of California. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: High-velocity trauma causes proximal tibial fractures, which have extensive articular involvement, numerous displaced condylar fracture lines, and soft tissue injuries. Complications are possible with the standard treatment, which is open reduction and internal fixation by a dual midline incision and dual plating. Nevertheless, a single midline incision is sufficient for the procedure. That's why we decided to conduct this intervention. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of proximal tibial fracture fixation using a double plating technique through a single midline incision. Study type, settings & duration: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, PAEC Hospital, Islamabad, from March 2020 to March 2023. Methodology: Patients, aged 16 or above were enrolled who presented with proximal tibial fracture and underwent dual plating by giving single midline incision. Patients were followed-up and outcomes including infection, union, needed bone grafting, additional split skin graft and flap surgery and others were noted. SPSS version 25 was used to analyse the data. Results: Total 100 patients were enrolled in the study with the mean age of 44.71±17.88 years. There were 58 (58.0%) male patients and 42 (42.0%) female patients. The mean duration of surgery was 74.11±8.91 minutes. Out of 100 patients, 57 (57.0%) patients had excellent functional outcome, 34 (34.0%) patients had good fictional outcome, while 7 (7.0%) patients had fair functional outcome and 2 (2.0%) had poor functional outcome. Out of 100 patients, union achieved in 81 (81.0%) cases. Infection occurred in 2 (2.0%) cases, Knee stiffness in 12 (12.0%) cases, body graft was applied in 1 (1.0%) cases and skin graft and flap surgery was done in 1 (1.0%) cases and deep venous thrombosis in 2 (2.0%) cases. Conclusion: Dual plating for proximal tibial fracture via single midline is an appropriate method and is more than 90% successful in achieving good to excellent results and can replace other techniques which need more incision and increases the risk of infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the process of construction of the feminist general strike of March 8, 2019 in Chile, from the "fee" workers of the University of Chile, i.e. workers without a labor contract, organized in a union. By analyzing this process from the perspective of precarious workers and feminist activists, the authors seek to highlight a thread that is woven in Chile between the feminist movement in May 2018, the 8M strike of 2019 and the social revolt of October 2019. The hypothesis is that from the struggles against precarious work and feminisms, a repertoire of struggle of social movements and wage workers is renewed and extended. From a situated and self-reflexive knowledge, the authors analyze their practices in the process of feminist general strike, from a self-narration and content analysis of social networks and public statements of the union. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Economics Business & Finance Research / Ekonomi İşletme ve Maliye Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Irfan Ersin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Higher education is being challenged as is the unionization of faculty. This combination could create a climate where faculty may need to strike. The purpose of this research is to describe the lived experiences of striking faculty to bring a greater understanding of what faculty may incur. This research utilized a phenomenological approach with a combination of composite narratives and in vivo coding to describe the lived experiences of striking. With the number of layoffs, strikes and threats of striking, this research is timely in understanding what striking entails and how it can best be navigated for the benefit of the faculty. There were 333 striking faculty of which twenty-seven were interviewed. Three themes developed and will be discussed. First, how the faculty's perception of the Union can influence their experience and willingness to remain on the picket line. Second, realizing a striker's experience is not monolithic, as realized in the differing experiences of the two campuses of Wright State. Lastly, surprising themes emerged, such as mental health issues surrounding financial, work and family struggles throughout the duration of the strike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large body of literature describes the occupational gender wage gap at the national labor market level as well as in specific occupations. Yet, among those studies of within-occupational inequality, few have focused on how occupational career change affects gender wage inequality. With an increasing number of female workers entering into the police labor force as well as the high turnover rate in the police sector, it is important to explore wage changes in this highly unionized and hyper-masculine occupation. Using two-wave panel data from the Current Population Survey Merged Outgoing Rotation Group (CPS-MORG) from 1979 to 2016, this study examines how change in occupational career along with change in union membership may lead to different wage rewards or penalties for police men and police women. Our findings reveal that individuals experience a large increase in wages when joining the police occupation, and this wage bonus is greater for women than for men. Furthermore, individuals joining the police as well as a union see a wage bonus, but wage loss when leaving the police and a union. Overall, police men have a larger wage loss than police women when leaving the police force and losing union membership. Policy implications of these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore whether municipalities with public sector unions exploit aspects of governmental (or "fund") accounting to obscure the availability of discretionary resources in fund balance accounts, relative to municipalities without public sector unions. We first investigate whether governments with unions report higher proportions of discretionary resources outside of the general fund, a primary measure of financial health, and instead within less prominent fund types. Second, we explore whether governments with unions report lower ratios within accessible general fund balance account categories – that is, report lower proportions of unreserved fund balance. Primary findings are consistent with both hypotheses. Although somewhat mixed, cross‐sectional analyses reveal that effects are magnified when unions have more bargaining power, as proxied by the ability to strike or the absence of state right‐to‐work laws. Further analysis corroborates cross‐sectional findings by examining difference‐in‐differences specifications surrounding the quasi‐exogenous shock of Wisconsin's 2011 weakening of state public sector union laws and Ohio's time‐varying union contract negotiations. Overall, the evidence suggests that governments with unions shelter resources to avoid the appearance of large discretionary amounts available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The Norwegian working life and welfare model has contributed to creating a society with high income for citizens, relatively low social inequality, good public health and high trust. Main part: Based on extensive research literature we focus on what we regard is the core of the Norwegian working life and welfare model. In addition, we make clear how this model has contributed to characteristics often associated with a good society. A decrease in unionization is, in combination with increased globalization, atypical employment contracts and automation, a factor that may weaken the Norwegian working life and welfare model. Conclusion: In an international perspective, public health is good in Norway. This is closely related to how the country’s working life and welfare model has been designed. As an important professional group within public health work, it is important that physiotherapists are aware of these relationships.

Introduction: Distal femoral shaft fractures are characterized by their increasing incidence and complexity, presenting a significant challenge in management. The objective of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical and radiological results of patients with extra-articular distal third femoral shaft fractures treated using either retrograde Talon Distal Fix nail or a distal femur locking plate. Material and Method: The study comprised 40 patients aged >18 years who presented at our hospital with a distal third femoral shaft fracture between January 2017 and January 2023. The patients were divided into two groups: Group TDN, treated with retrograde Talon Distal Fix nailing (n=18), and Group DLP, treated with a distal locking plate (n=22). Demographic data, follow-up period, operating time, time to union, range of motion (ROM), mechanism of injury (traffic accident, fall from height, workplace accident, gunshot injury), fracture type, complications, and surgical method were retrospectively recorded. Clinical evaluation included deformity, knee ROM, pain, and the knee total score (KSS) for walking and knee stability. Results: The mean age of the patients was 48.03±12.31 (min-max: 23-69) years, and the mean follow-up time for all patients was 15.88±2.32 (12-21) months. The mean time to union was 25.55±1.86 (22-30) weeks. Delayed union and non-union rates were similar between the research groups (P=1.000, P=0.673, respectively). Union time (weeks) and mean ROM were not significantly different between the groups (P=0.881, P=0.892, respectively). The mean operation time of the TDF group (48.78±3.94 minutes) was significantly lower than that of the DLP group (62.45±3.33 minutes) (P

A directed rough fuzzy graph (DRFG) is a unique and innovative hybrid model because it deals with more complex problems of uncertainty in the presence of incomplete data information or rough universe. A DRFG can be obtained from two given DRFGs by union, Cartesian product and composition. When we study operations for DRFGs with a large number of vertices, the degree of vertices in a DRFG presents a confusing picture. Therefore, a mechanism for determining the degree of vertices for DRFG operations is needed. The main objective of this study is to analyze and investigate the degree of vertices in DRFGs formed by certain operations, which will provide clear explanations of operations on DRFGs and their effects on vertex degrees with examples. In this paper, we find the degree of a vertex in DRFGs formed by these operations in terms of the degree of vertices in the given DRFGs in some special cases. We explain these operations with some examples. In addition, we provide an application to the corporate merger problem to test our approach and obtain an optimal result. We have developed two algorithms to elaborate the procedure for our application. Finally, we created a comparison table comparing our results for Algorithms 1 and 2 for the same enterprise merger network.