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The transformative impact of modern computational paradigms and technologies, such as high-performance computing (HPC), quantum computing, and cloud computing, has opened up profound new opportunities for scientific simulations. Scalable computational chemistry is one beneficiary of this technological progress. The main focus of this paper is on the performance of various quantum chemical formulations, ranging from low-order methods to high-accuracy approaches, implemented in different computational chemistry packages and libraries, such as NWChem, NWChemEx, Scalable Predictive Methods for Excitations and Correlated Phenomena, ExaChem, and Fermi–Löwdin orbital self-interaction correction on Azure Quantum Elements, Microsoft's cloud services platform for scientific discovery. We pay particular attention to the intricate workflows for performing complex chemistry simulations, associated data curation, and mechanisms for accuracy assessment, which is demonstrated with the Arrows automated workflow for high throughput simulations. Finally, we provide a perspective on the role of cloud computing in supporting the mission of leadership computational facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improvements experienced by incumbent "old" technologies when threatened by new ones, potentially supplanting them, are often addressed as the "sailing-ship effect." The latter phrase points to the eponymous case that consists of the 60-year or so technological battle between sail and steam in ships' propulsion during the 19th century, which led to unexpected large advancements in sail technology. Paradoxically, until today, the only work which addressed quantitatively that technological battle actually found a lack of evidence of the occurrence of the sailing-ship effect. In this paper, through fresh statistical analysis, we find instead confirmation of the existence of the effect in the original case. This finding contributes to the theoretical debate that explains technological persistence through mechanisms such as path dependence, cumulativeness, localized technical progress, competence and cognitive traps, the presence of complementary assets and tributary innovations, as well as institutional features. Policy dimensions are considered in Section 7 of the work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scientific article examines the impact of the development of information and communication technologies on the field of management. The author examines how technological progress in the field of information technologies affects the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. Among the main problems associated with the introduction of ICT in the field of economy, the author singles out the following: difficulties in choosing the optimal software and equipment that will meet the needs of the enterprise; preservation and security of information, as a large amount of data is stored using modern technologies; the implementation of ICT requires additional investments, which becomes an important factor for many business entities. The article considers various aspects of the impact of ICT on economic activity. The author notes that the use of modern technologies allows enterprises to improve management processes, optimize production processes, reduce costs, and ensure increased profitability. The author claims that thanks to the use of digital technologies, enterprises can automate many routine processes and provide more accurate demand forecasting, inventory and production management. The article analyzes the judicial practice of the impact of the development of information and communication technologies on the sphere of business. The analysis of judicial practice shows the need to apply means of protection of commercial information that can be obtained with the help of information and communication technologies. Challenges and opportunities brought by digital technologies to enterprises in the field of economy are considered. The author notes that the development of ICT opens up new opportunities for enterprises in the market, while simultaneously presenting them with new challenges related to digital competition and cyber security. On the basis of the conducted research, conclusions were formed regarding the influence of the development of information and communication technologies on the sphere of management. The author sees the study of cyber security and its impact on business as one of the prospects for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that ethical AI cannot be fostered in a vacuum, challenging the perspective that AI ethics research should be isolated from technological advancements and industry collaborations. It refutes the argument presented by Gerdes (Discov Artif Intell. 2022;2(25)), which suggests that industry involvement inherently undermines the integrity of AI ethics research. Through an exploration of historical and contemporary examples of successful academia-industry collaborations, the paper advocates for a synergistic approach that harnesses industry resources and insights to advance ethical AI development. Emphasising the importance of diverse funding, the value of industry insights, and the impracticality of separating AI ethics from computer science, the paper contends that a collaborative, transparent, and inclusive model of AI ethics research is essential for developing practical, relevant, and ethically sound AI technologies aligned with societal values and norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Organic coatings are widely used for protecting metal equipment and structures from corrosion. Accurate detection and evaluation of the protective performance and service life of coatings are of great importance. This paper aims to review the research progress on performance evaluation and lifetime prediction of organic coatings. Design/methodology/approach: First, the failure forms and aging testing methods of organic coatings are briefly introduced. Then, the technical status and the progress in the detection and evaluation of coating protective performance and the prediction of service life are mainly reviewed. Findings: There are some key challenges and difficulties in this field, which are described in the end. Originality/value: The progress is summarized from a variety of technical perspectives. Performance evaluation and lifetime prediction include both single-parameter and multi-parameter methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ingredients for leadership development include strategic intent, sensibility, knowledge, analytic acuity, and the confidence to make tough calls. Emergencies highlight the importance of technical progress and the opportunity to enhance design and productivity. Significant technological and organisational barriers hinder acceptance of these technologies; hence it is necessary to employ strategy. Research should be at the system's heart through planned and unplanned transitions. The vision of building and maintaining business resilience and organising swift changes includes using perceptual methods. With this view, leaders can make deliberate decisions. It also tends to disrupt traditional approaches to dexterity. At the same time, strategic flexibility necessitates an evident connection between the business and the institution's mission. A leader's positive strategic intent is core that better enables investment in crisis response competencies. It includes timely use of knowledge management, organisational learning frameworks, business strategy, and system agility. Many nations in the developing world have simultaneously experienced the rise of digitisation and the spread of the covid-19 epidemic. Thus, academics should focus on the difficulties and prospects associated with people, groups, and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green total factor productivity (GTFP) is a key driver of China's green development, and innovative human capital (IHC) plays a pivotal role in enhancing GTFP. This study examines the impact of the quantity and quality dimensions of IHC on regional GTFP in China. Using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces from 2004 to 2018, this study constructs a spatial Durbin model (SDM) to empirically analyze the role of IHC in regional GTFP. Three main conclusions are obtained: (1) both the quantity and quality of IHC can significantly and directly improve regional GTFP, yet regional heterogeneity exists. In the eastern region, both IHCA and IHCQ have a significant impact, while in the middle-western region, only IHCA has a significant effect on GTFP; (2) IHC can boost the enhancement of regional GTFP through technological progress; and (3) the quantity of IHC (IHCA) produces a spatial spillover effect on regional GTFP, whereas the quality of IHC (IHCQ) does not exhibit this effect. Based on these conclusions, strategies for the green development of China and the coordinated development of the eastern and middle-western regions are proposed. The Chinese government should integrate IHC development into its environmental policies to improve environmental awareness and optimize the efficiency of human capital, taking regional differences into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable agriculture is crucial for meeting the growing global food demand. With the pressure of climate change, resource depletion, and the need for increased agricultural productivity, innovative approaches are essential. Nanotechnology is an emerging technology in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). Despite its promising benefits, the safe implementation of nanotechnology in agriculture requires careful consideration of potential health and environmental risks. However, there is a lack of comprehensive documentation on the application, potential and limitations of nanotechnology in the field of agriculture. To address this gap, a desk research approach was used by utilizing peer-reviewed electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Direct for relevant articles. Out of 157 initially identified articles, 85 were deemed pertinent, focusing primarily on potential nanotechnology in smart agricultural systems. Taking into account research findings worldwide, we found significant improvements with nanotechnology over traditional methods which underscores the practical benefits of nanotechnology, including increased crop yields, efficient resource use, and reduced environmental footprint. The objective of this systematic review is to explore the nexus between nanotechnology and agricultural systems, highlighting its potential to enhance productivity, sustainability, and resilience and to inform researchers, practitioners, and policymakers about the transformative impact of nanotechnology on sustainable agriculture and underscores the need for further research to address safety concerns and maximize its potential for agricultural advancement. Article highlights: A thorough study of nanotechnology's new method to lessen fertilizer and pesticide harmful impacts and their responsibilities. Developing an integrated approach for smart farming systems. A guide for future nanotechnology studies in agriculture suggests breakthroughs in biotic and abiotic remediation using nano-particles for a safe climate change scenario. Identifying setbacks, limitations, and solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a footloose capital model in a two‐country economy and the manufacturing and natural resource sectors with heterogeneous manufacturing firms to analyze the impacts of trade liberalization and technological progress on the net capital flows, net export, and social welfare. Our main analytical result is that a lagged country initially experiences capital outflow due to the high technological gap in the manufacturing sector with increasing returns to scale, then capital inflow due to the home market effect. This corresponds with the fact that China was a net importer of manufactured goods initially, and became a net exporter recently. These results are consistent with the data obtained after the reform and opening‐up policy in 1978. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The internet and technological advancements have facilitated faster communication and information sharing. However, cybercrime, including malware, phishing, and ransomware, remains a severe problem despite technical progress. Detecting the intrusion via Intrusion Detection System IDS in network communication and wireless networks WSN is a big challenge that grown with the rapid development of the technologies. The detection accuracy of the IDS mainly depends on the relevant features of the incoming data from the internet. Selecting the most relevant features within the optimal attributes is one of the primary stage of the machine learning and pattern recognition modules. Finding the feature subset from the present or existing features that will improve the algorithms' learning performance in terms of accuracy and learning time is the main goal of feature selection. Therefore, this paper proposes an accurate approach for intrusion detection in the network and WSN using machine learning methods include Chaotic Maps, Nomadic People Optimizer (NPO), and SVM. The proposed approach has five main stages which are: data collection, pre-processing, feature selection, classification, and evaluation. An improved version of NPO based on chaotic map called CNPO is proposed. The proposed CNPO uses chaotic maps to initialize the population and solution distribution. Besides, a proposed fitness function for CNPO based on SVM is proposed. The CNPO is employed for feature selection task by selecting only the most relevant features from the input dataset. The proposed approach evaluated using two datasets and achieve accuracy 99.96% and 99.98 for NSL-KDD, and WSN-DS respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the key equipment in modern tunnel construction and underground engineering, the technology of cantilever roadheader is also constantly innovating to adapt to more complex and diversified geological conditions. However, due to the uncertainty of geological environment and the limitations of the equipment itself, the cantilever roadheader still faces many challenges in practical application. Based on the actual situation of the mine, the mechanical mining test study of cantilever roadheader was carried out. Firstly, the research on the cuttability of rock mass was carried out, and it was found that the cuttability of the mine from shallow to deep orebody showed a trend of changing from difficult to easy. Based on the rock breaking capacity, equipment pure cutting capacity, mine actual production capacity and equipment cost performance, the equipment selection of cantilever TBM was carried out. Finally, the field industrial test shows that the mechanical driving roadway has the good forming effect and little influence on surrounding rock. The relevant research results can provide useful reference for the practical application of the cantilever roadheader under similar ore body conditions, and promote the technical progress in the field of mechanical mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is an era of enormous technical progress that has impacted professionals across industries, including Chartered Accountants (CAs). This study explored how CAs view the impact of the 4IR on their profession, focusing on the shifting roles, competencies, and challenges they face during this transitional period. The research adopted a qualitative approach to data collecting, including 14 semi-structured interviews with participants from various CA backgrounds. This research provides a thorough knowledge of the 4IR’s consequences for the profession and the perceptions of CA’s of the 4IR. Rapid task automation via technologies such as AI is posing a challenge to traditional CA roles, forcing a change towards more analytical thinking and strategic insight. CAs need to develop critical thinking abilities and data analysis ability. Older generations might need support to adapt to the technological changes. Despite fears about job loss due to technology, members were largely optimistic about the 4IR’s professional development potential. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has been a milestone breakthrough in the treatment of hematological malignancies, offering an effective therapeutic option for multi-line therapy-refractory patients. So far, abundant CAR-T products have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration or China National Medical Products Administration to treat relapsed or refractory hematological malignancies and exhibited unprecedented clinical efficiency. However, there were still several significant unmet needs to be progressed, such as the life-threatening toxicities, the high cost, the laborintensive manufacturing process and the poor long-term therapeutic efficacy. According to the demands, many researches, relating to notable technical progress and the replenishment of alternative targets or cells, have been performed with promising results. In this review, we will summarize the current research progress in CAR-T eras from the “targets” to “alternative cells”, to “combinational drugs” in preclinical studies and clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advanced scientific and technological measurement methods are the basis of sports research and the progress of sports research methods. It promotes the continuous improvement of sports technology to meet athletes’ pursuit of excellent sports achievements. Therefore, the method of sports scientific research must be changed from the traditional empirical training mode to the programmed training method, from the qualitative analysis of the training effect to the nuanced analysis of the training process. Based on this, this paper uses in-depth learning to study sports motion capture. First, two-dimensional human joints are extracted based on Mask R-CNN. Then, the 3D human motion skeleton is constructed by using the binocular vision system, and the Mask R-CNN human pose estimation algorithm is optimized. On this basis, a sports motion capture system is designed, and the system’s accuracy is verified. The error of the depth information obtained by the sports capture system constructed in this paper is less than 3% in the experiment of about 2m. It has strong practicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to unveil the role of openness in fostering enterprises to achieve technological progress. By conducting a comparative analysis of Chinese and Western companies' supply chain strategies in the internet and new energy industries, the article finds that American enterprises have a higher level of supply chain openness than Chinese enterprises in both two industries. Based on the case analysis, that paper argues that openness plays a vital role in promoting technological innovation in enterprises. The profound influence of openness in promoting technological advancement may be observed through three aspects: openness at the technical level, openness in attracting talent, and openness in facilitating the development of rules and regulations. Accordingly, suggestions are proposed to assist Chinese enterprises in avoiding the "Middle-Technology Trap" through openness on the basis of legislation and public policy intervention. Meanwhile, the Chinese government is suggested to promote national coordination to establish a national unified market to realize the three levels of openness of the supply chain and industrial chain strategies: enterprise-level, domestic regional level, and international level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The light field display technology based on panel light modulation has obvious industrial advantages. However, light field displays still causes discomfort for users in practical applications, due to issues such as angle of view, number of viewpoints, and crosstalk, etc. As a new type of high performance 2D display technology, mini/micro light emitting diode (MLED) has the potential to provide higher quality 3D display effects, but it may also bring new technological challenges. This paper provides a detailed investigation of technical principles and the latest research progress in light field display technology based on panel light modulation, and analyzes the industrial and academic research difficulties, which are brought about by the combination of MLED and naked-eye light field display. This paper is the first to complete a technical review specifically focused on MLED and naked-eye light field display, which is expected to accelerate the technological development and application process of naked-eye light field display based on MLED panels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy is pivotal in achieving sustainable development's economic, social, and environmental objectives. However, to attain this crucial goal, it is essential to focus on the type of energy we generate and the methods by which we use them. The availability, accessibility, and use of green technologies have improved significantly since the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). This paper applies the pooled mean group Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG ARDL) model from 2000 to 2021 to 11 countries that, according to the Climate Council, are most affected by environmental degradation issues and are taking new initiatives to reduce their emissions. The results indicate a significant relationship between renewable energy consumption and technological advancements in the short and long term. However, there needs to be more of the literature about the negative impact of research and development on renewable energy consumption. The findings of this paper can assist policymakers in determining effective strategies in the renewable energy sector, as any technological advancement is an innovative way to transform the renewable energy industry completely. By optimizing energy production and reducing costs, technological advancement can help a country achieve its renewable energy goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-quality development (HQD) has been listed as the first and foremost task in building a modern socialist country in all respects and also an overarching issue of China's economic and social development in the new era. To achieve economic HQD, a key approach lies in integrating energy development with poverty alleviation and fully leveraging the foundational role of energy infrastructure and supply services in reducing poverty. Using the provincial panel data from 2007 to 2017, this paper analyzes the impact of energy poverty alleviation on economic HQD from multiple dimensions in an empirical way and draws the following conclusions: first, energy poverty alleviation drives the economic growth of China's eastern region and western region, but it cannot effectively promote the synchronous economic growth of the central region, thereby resulting in a greater imbalance in regional development; second, energy poverty alleviation has an effect on reducing the urban–rural income inequality, and such an effect is more significant in the western region; and finally, energy poverty alleviation has a significant effect on promoting economic HQD, and the effect is more significant in the central region and the western region. Furthermore, the transmission mechanism of energy poverty alleviation driving HQD is tested. It is found that energy poverty alleviation can drive HQD by promoting urbanization and technological progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, it is very tough to differentiate between real news and fake news due to fast-growing social networks and technological progress. Manipulative news is defined as calculated misinformation with the aim of creating false beliefs. This kind of fake news is highly detrimental to society since it deepens political division and weakens trust in authorities and institutions. Therefore, the identification of fake news has emerged as a major field of research that seeks to validate content. The proposed model operates in two stages: First, TF-IDF is applied to an entire document to obtain its global features, and its spatial and temporal features are simultaneously obtained by employing Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory with a Gated Recurrent Unit. The Fast Learning Network efficiently classifies the extracted features. Comparative experiments were conducted on three easily and publicly obtainable large-scale datasets for the purposes of analyzing the efficiency of the approach proposed. The results also show how well the model performs compared with past methods of classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper revisits Keynes’s essay titled ‘The economic possibilities for our grandchildren’, featuring Keynes both as a growth theorist and a moral and social philosopher of capitalism. We discuss the three broader trends identified by Keynes that he expected would come to characterize the socio-economic evolution of advanced countries under capitalism: first, continued technological progress and capital accumulation as the main drivers of exponential growth in economic possibilities; second, a gradual general rebalancing of life choices away from work; and third, a change in the code of morals in societies approaching an envisioned stationary state of zero net capital accumulation in which mankind has solved its economic problem and enjoys a lifestyle predominantly framed by leisure rather than disutility-yielding work. We assess actual outcomes by 2024 and attempt to peek into the future economic possibilities for this generation’s grandchildren. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the pivotal role of green strategies in achieving carbon neutrality by exploring the synergistic contributions of green finance, green technological innovation, and green energy adoption. The study has implemented several panel data estimation techniques including second generation panel unit root test commonly known as CADF and CIPS, an error correction-based panel cointegration test, for documenting the elasticities of GF, GTI, and GE on carbon neutrality through Continuously-Update Fully Modified[CUP-FM], Continuously-Update Bias-Corrected [CUP-BC], and Dynamic Seemingly Unrelated Regression [DSUR]. The asymmetric coefficients have exploded with the implementation of a nonlinear framework, which is well known as NARDL. Our findings underscore the significance of green finance mechanisms in mobilizing resources for sustainable initiatives, including renewable energy projects and energy-efficient technologies. Study shed light on the catalytic impact of green Technological innovation in driving technological advancements, reducing emissions, and fostering economic growth. Furthermore, our study delves into the transformative potential of clean energy adoption, elucidating how it can substantially reduce carbon footprints and bolster the transition to a low-carbon economy. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the critical nexus of green strategies and carbon neutrality, offering a roadmap for a more sustainable and environmentally responsible future. In a world grappling with the pressing challenges of climate change, our research offers valuable insights into the strategies that institutions, policymakers, and businesses can employ to facilitate the transition toward carbon neutrality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mobility of R&D elements is an essential means to achieve the optimal allocation of regional resources and to promote regional high-quality development. However, there is still a wide divergence in academic research on the relationship between R&D element mobility and regional innovation, as well as a lack of evidence on the magnitude of the correlation. It constrains the effective operation of the innovation system to a certain extent. Based on this, this paper employs a meta-analysis to summarise and interpret the 411 effect values of 33 representative literature to explore the mechanism of R&D element mobility on regional innovation. The results reveal a moderate positive correlation between R&D element mobility and regional innovation. Sampling scope, sampling region, data period, mobility direction and innovation output all significantly moderate the relationship between the two. This finding is of great significance for the future reform of factor marketisation. It provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the further realisation of the goal of high-quality development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on embryonic development is entering into a new era. As a traditionally descriptive discipline within anatomy, embryologists have formed international consortia and digitized important histological collections for preservation and open access. Embryonic development has recently received a wider attention in context with temporo-spatial transcriptomics at single cell level. These can be expected to fuel the realization of the transdisciplinary significance of efforts to decipher embryonic development. Addressing its complexities encompasses a wealth of challenges that intersect across the domains of science, society, and politics underlining its outstanding importance as well as its inherently interdisciplinary nature. The challenges of this field are by no means confined to understanding the intricate biological mechanisms but also have humanitarian implications. To fully appreciate the mechanisms underlying human development, principles of embryogenesis have predominantly been analyzed employing animal models which allow us to broaden our view on developmental processes. As a result of recent pioneering work and technical progress centered around stem cell-based 3D approaches, we are entering into a historical new phase of learning about mammalian embryonic development. In vertebrates, a growing concern now focuses the reduction of animal experimentation. This perspective article outlines the major challenges in this amazing field that offer an enormous potential for basic biomedical sciences as well as related translational approaches if they are tackled in a multidisciplinary discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's construction, energy consumption, and emissions are the world's largest, making green building (GB) crucial for sustainable development and climate action. GB policies play a crucial role in promoting sustainable development and mitigating environmental impacts. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of China's GB policies at both central and local levels using natural language processing (NLP), Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), and semantic network analysis (SNA). It also integrates three theoretical frameworks: Policy Implementation Theory, Sustainable Development Theory, and Innovation Diffusion Theory. The study aims to: (1) compare the characteristics of central and local GB policies; (2) identify problems and propose solutions to improve policy effects and impacts. The results show that both levels of policies cover various sustainability aspects but with different focuses. The SNA reveals the semantic relationships and differences within the policy documents. The study suggests several strategies to enhance GB policy effectiveness and sustainability, based on the three theoretical frameworks. These strategies include providing more specific guidance, enhancing financial support and incentives, promoting technological advancements, strengthening monitoring and evaluation, adopting a more systematic approach, democratizing policy formulation, identifying key stakeholders and influencers, and considering innovation characteristics. This study contributes to the GB policy research and practice in China. It is also the first study to use NLP, LDA, and SNA to comprehensively analyze China's GB policies, and the first study to apply the three theoretical frameworks to GB policy analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital economy has the potential to facilitate digitization and green transformation within the transportation sector, but further research is warranted on how it can enhance the sector's green total factor productivity (GTFP). Utilizing provincial data from China spanning 2013 to 2021, this study investigates the impact of the digital economy on the transportation sector's GTFP. The findings are as follows: (1) The transportation sector exhibits a U-shaped relationship between the digital economy and GTFP. The inflection point of the U-shaped curve is at 0.441, with 81.11% of the samples falling to the left of this point. It is primarily through technological progress and innovation, rather than changes in technological efficiency, that the digital economy influences the improvement of GTFP. (2) The U-shaped relationship exhibits heterogeneity and varies depending on the mode and content of transportation. The U-shaped relationship is more pronounced in regions with lower total traffic volume on highways and railways or higher traffic volume on waterways. For transportation content, DEEI and GTFP show a significant U-shaped relationship in areas with high traffic volumes of passengers and freights. (3) Government intervention can attenuate the U-shaped relationship, which leads to a flatter curve. The market-driven level has the capability to strengthen the U-shaped relationship, resulting in a steeper curve. In conclusion, these findings contribute to deeper insights into the U-shaped relationship between the digital economy and GTFP, offering valuable guidance for policymakers seeking to improve GTFP in the transportation sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electric vehicle (EV) technological supply chain progresses when demand (pull) aligns with supply (push) to perform as a technology delivery system. Actors, institutions, and networks interconnect the technological supply chain with innovation as responses to external pressures to produce and deliver technology products/services. The literature separately examined the progress from a delivery perspective (linking the demand and supply network) and a systems perspective that examines technological change as a socio-technical system. Technological progress requires changes aligning push and pull or one feeding into the other. The 'motors of innovation' that shape the innovation system are used in systems dynamics modeling linking technological changes and progress. This study uses 'motors of innovation' to combine the two perspectives and uses interconnectedness to examine the alignment of push and pull and the resulting delivery phenomena. The phenomena require studying it in its settings with diverse heuristic and analytic views. Therefore, this study uses case study methodology and selects multiple Indian EV cases comprising all vehicle segments in a government direct market scenario. It makes two contributions to technological progress: one defines the combined delivery and systems perspective and includes interconnectedness. The other is moving knowledge to a broad scope and expertise and striving for interconnectedness with other systems. Further insights are possible with cases that display better technological progress, as findings noted poor interconnectedness with limited technological capability and infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid pace of urbanization, a significant number of rural laborers are migrating to cities, leading to a severe shortage of agricultural labor. Consequently, the modernization of agriculture has become a priority. Autonomous picking robots represent a crucial component of agricultural technological innovation, and their development drives progress across the entire agricultural sector. This paper reviews the current state of research on fruit- and vegetable-picking robots, focusing on key aspects such as the vision system sensors, target detection, localization, and the design of end-effectors. Commonly used target recognition algorithms, including image segmentation and deep learning-based neural networks, are introduced. The challenges of target recognition and localization in complex environments, such as those caused by branch and leaf obstruction, fruit overlap, and oscillation in natural settings, are analyzed. Additionally, the characteristics of the three main types of end-effectors—clamping, suction, and cutting—are discussed, along with an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each design. The limitations of current agricultural picking robots are summarized, taking into account the complexity of operation, research and development costs, as well as the efficiency and speed of picking. Finally, the paper offers a perspective on the future of picking robots, addressing aspects such as environmental adaptability, functional diversity, innovation and technological convergence, as well as policy and farm management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic analysis of the nexus of methodological pluralism and digital technology pedagogies in construction education literature. Recent technological advancements transform the built-environment-related fields rapidly, and this transformation has the potential to improve productivity and efficiency in the industry. Alongside this transformation, the future workforce should be equipped with skills to accelerate the adoption of evolving technologies. Considering these, this study systematically reviewed over 100 papers in the construction education literature with a qualitative analysis. The majority of the reviewed studies use quasi-experimental design, and several technological advancements are utilized in teaching core construction concepts, mainly building information modeling (BIM) and extended reality (XR). With the applied nature of the construction domain, various studies utilized technology to introduce virtual site visits, quantity take-off and estimating, visualization, scheduling, surveying, and communication. Together with these, this study contributes to the body of knowledge by revealing methodological approaches commonly used by researchers to help spur the growth of research efforts in digital technology utilization in construction, with its significant potential to be one of the reference guides in the construction education literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, automatic map matching has received great technical progress. However, when it comes to vague matching situations such as improper vocabulary use, there still lack reliable solutions. To handle the current gap, this paper proposes a novel automatic map matching method based on the hybrid computing framework of hidden Markov model (HMM) and conditional random field. First, the data filtering is completed by performing second-order transformation towards automatic matching conditions of HMM. Then, the data classification is completed using automatic data classification based on the conditional random field. After that, a hybrid computing framework with spatial elements and layer selection is built to generate map matching results. Finally, some simulation experiments are conducted for evaluation. For one thing, the trend of matching accuracy changes under specified conditions is basically the same as that of nonspecified conditions. The maximum difference in matching calculation values is about 3 times. However, once the vocabulary continues to increase, the difference in matching results between the two narrows to 10–20%. For the other thing, the matching accuracy of a specified state is higher than that of sending a specified state. While nonspecified fuzzy matching accuracy is about 3 times higher and nonspecified precision matching accuracy is about 50% higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gansu Province in China has the characteristics of an underdeveloped economy, low forest carbon sink, and rich non-fossil energy, making it a typical area for research to achieve the "double carbon" target. In this paper, the primary energy consumption and carbon emissions and their development trends in Gansu Province during the "double carbon" target period were predicted by the fixed-base energy consumption elasticity coefficient method, and the possibility of achieving the "double carbon" target in Gansu Province was explored. In the three hypothetical scenarios, it was estimated that the total primary energy consumption of Gansu Province will be 91.9–94.81 million tons of standard coal by 2030 and 99.35–110.76 million tons of standard coal by 2060. According to the predicted share of different energy consumption in Gansu Province, the CO2 emissions of Gansu Province in the three scenarios were calculated and predicted to be between 148.60 and 153.31 million tons in 2030 and 42.10 and 46.93 million tons in 2060. The study suggests that Gansu Province can reach the carbon peak before 2030 in the hypothetical scenarios. However, to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality by 2060, it was proposed that, in addition to increasing carbon sinks by afforestation, it is also necessary to increase the share of non-fossil energy. As long as the share is increased by 0.3% on the basis of 2030, the goal of carbon neutrality by 2060 in Gansu Province can be achieved. The results show that the increase in the share of non-fossil energy consumption is the most important way to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in Gansu Province, and it also needs to be combined with the optimization of industrial structure and improvement of technological progress. Based on the research results, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in Gansu Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high risk of complications still accompanies gastric conduit reconstruction after esophagectomy. In this narrative review, we summarize the technological progress and the problems of gastric conduit reconstruction after esophagectomy. Several types of gastric conduits exist, including the whole stomach and the narrow gastric tube. The clinical outcomes are similar between the two types of conduits. Sufficient blood supply to the conduit is mandatory for a successful esophageal reconstruction. Recently, due to the availability of equipment and its convenience, indocyanine green angiography has been rapidly spreading. When the blood perfusion of the planning anastomotic site is insufficient, several techniques, such as the Kocher maneuver, pedunculated gastric tube with duodenal transection, and additional microvascular anastomosis, exist to decrease the risk of anastomotic failure. There are two different anastomotic sites, cervical and thoracic, and mainly two reconstructive routes, retrosternal and posterior mediastinal routes. Meta-analyses showed no significant difference in outcomes between the anastomotic sites as well as the reconstructive routes. Anastomotic techniques include hand-sewn, circular, and linear stapling. Anastomoses using linear stapling is advantageous in decreasing anastomosis-related complications. Arteriosclerosis and poorly controlled diabetes are the risk factors for anastomotic leakage, while a narrow upper mediastinal space and a damaged stomach predict leakage. Although standardization among the institutional team members is essential to decrease anastomotic complications, surgeons should learn several technical options for predictable or unpredictable intraoperative situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1. The poultry microbiome and its stability at every point in time, either free range or reared under different farming systems, is affected by several environmental and innate factors. The interaction of the poultry birds with their microbiome, as well as several inherent and extraneous factors contribute to the microbiome dynamics. A poor understanding of this could worsen poultry heath and result in disease/metabolic disorders. 2. Many diseased states associated with poultry have been linked to dysbiosis state, where the microbiome experiences some perturbation. Dysbiosis itself is too often downplayed; however, it is considered a disease which could lead to more serious conditions in poultry. The management of interconnected factors by conventional and emerging technologies (sequencing, nanotechnology, robotics, 3D mini-guts) could prove to be indispensable in ensuring poultry health and welfare. 3. Findings showed that high-throughput technological advancements enhanced scientific insights into emerging trends surrounding the poultry gut microbiome and ecosystem, the dysbiotic condition, and the dynamic roles of intrinsic and exogenous factors in determining poultry health. Yet, a combination of conventional, -omics based and other techniques further enhance characterisation of key poultry microbiome actors, their mechanisms of action, and roles in maintaining gut homoeostasis and health, in a bid to avert metabolic disorders and infections. 4. In conclusion, there is an important interplay of innate, environmental, abiotic and biotic factors impacting on poultry gut microbiome homoeostasis, dysbiosis, and overall health. Associated infections and metabolic disorders can result from the interconnected nature of these factors. Emerging concepts (interkingdom or network signalling and neurotransmitter), and future technologies (mini-gut models, cobots) need to include these interactions to ensure accurate control and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digitalisation of healthcare has increased the risk of cyberattacks in this sector, targeting sensitive personal information. In this paper, we conduct a systematic review of existing solutions for data breach mitigation in healthcare, analysing 99 research papers. There is a growing trend in research emphasising the security of electronic health records, data storage, access control, and personal health records. The analysis identified the adoption of advanced technologies, including Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence, alongside encryption in developing resilient solutions. These technologies lay the foundations for addressing the prevailing cybersecurity threats, with a particular focus on hacking or malicious attacks, followed by unauthorised access. The research highlights the development of strategies to mitigate data breaches and stresses the importance of technological progress in strengthening data security. The paper outlines future directions, highlighting the need for continuous technological progress and identifying the gaps in the attack mitigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional model of factor-driven economic growth can no longer be maintained due to an increasing demand to save energy and reduce emissions and a rapid rise in the cost of related factors. The concept of green total factor productivity (GTFP) has emerged as an essential component of high-quality economic growth; consequently, how to boost GTFP through the development of technical advancement has become an important question in recent years. An improved CES production function of labor, capital, and energy is created using the theoretical framework for biased technological growth as its foundation. Subsequently, the mechanisms resulting from the synergy of factor structure, factor efficiency and biased technological progress (BTP) on GTFP are theoretically deduced and empirically analyzed. The conclusion shows that the types of technical advancement are mainly net labor-enhancing and net energy-enhancing technical advancement in China from 2001 to 2017. Due to the biased effect of technical advancement, the relative comparison of the three elements is determined predominantly by excessive capital investment and less by labor and energy. Factor-enhancing technical advancement led to the growth of GTFP, while the synergistic effect of BTP, factor structure and factor efficiency hindered the growth of GTFP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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New urbanization (NU) construction is the basic direction of urbanization development in contemporary China. This paper selects the panel data of 36 representative cities in the Yangtze River economic belt (YREB) from 2006 to 2020, calculates the comprehensive index of NU and ecological environment (EE) by employing the entropy method, analyzes the spatial agglomeration characteristics of EE through spatial autocorrelation analysis, and tests the spatial effect of NU on EE on the basis of the dynamic spatial Durbin model. Results show that first, "time inertia" and spatial dependence exist in the urban EE of the YREB. Second, the NU has a positive role in promoting the EE. The development of NU in this area not only promotes the EE in this area, but also promotes the improvement of the EE in neighboring areas. Third, the increase in per capita wealth and the adjustment in industrial structure are beneficial to the improvement of EE. This paper discusses the impact of China's NU development on the urban EE. Results reveal the relationship between affluence, technological progress, industrial structure, opening to the outside world, environmental regulation, and EE. This study provides decision-making reference for the government in formulating sustainable strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon emission goals need China to upgrade its industrial structure to formulate a low-carbon economy. As a new form of industrial structure change, manufacturing and production service industries influence each other and become a collaborative agglomeration. This trend may have some impacts on carbon productivity. However, little research has been conducted whether and how the industrial collaborative agglomeration affects carbon productivity. To fill this research gap, this study employed panel data of 27 cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations region from 2006 to 2020. First, by using the location entropy index, this study assessed the degree with regard to the collaborative agglomeration index of manufacturing and production services in the cities of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations. Second, the study used a non-radial non-angular SBM model with the global Malmquist-Luenberger index to decompose the green technological progress index from each city's green total factor productivity. Third, this paper also used a mediating effect model to determine whether green technological progress played a mediating role with regard to the effect among industrial collaboration agglomeration and carbon productivity. The results indicate that (1) Industrial collaborative agglomeration significantly increased carbon productivity and green technological progress, with the industrial collaboration agglomeration index increasing by 1%, carbon productivity increasing by 28.8%, and green technological progress index increasing by 5.3%. (2) Green technological progress shows a significant partial mediating effect in carbon productivity effects of industrial collaborative agglomeration, with the mediating effect accounting for 19.82% of the overall effect. (3) There was a heterogeneity effect between high-end productive service and manufacturing industries collaborative agglomeration along with traditional productive service and manufacturing industries collaborative agglomeration. Former collaborative agglomeration increased 1%, carbon productivity increased by 37.9% and the mediating effect of collaborative agglomeration on carbon productivity through green technological progress accounted for 23.18% of the total effect. This mediating effect was not significant for traditional productive service and manufacturing industries collaborative agglomeration. This paper can provide some suggestions for construction of a low-carbon economy in Yangtze River Delta urban agglomerations to improve the cities' carbon productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Induction stoves are increasingly recognized as the future of cooking technology due to their numerous benefits, including enhanced energy efficiency, improved safety, and precise cooking control. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the key technological advancements in induction stoves, while also examining the societal and health impacts that need to be addressed to support their widespread adoption. Induction stoves operate based on the principle of eddy currents induced in metal cookware, which generate heat directly within the pot, reducing cooking times and increasing energy efficiency compared with conventional gas and electric stoves. Moreover, induction stoves are considered an environmentally sustainable option, as they contribute to improvements in indoor air quality by reducing emissions associated with fuel combustion during cooking. However, ongoing research is essential to ensure the safe and effective use of this technology on a broader scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on welding as an empirical science, emphasizing the value of experience and the importance of structured knowledge. Topics include the historical development of scientific principles underpinning welding techniques, the influence of philosophical thought on engineering and technical knowledge, and the interplay of societal forces shaping modern technological progress.

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Why has the structural bonus been so small during China's post-reform era? This article explains the puzzle by exploiting the heterogeneity in structural-change patterns across Chinese provinces. Using an original database covering production and factor inputs in 8 sectors and 31 provinces over 1993–2016, I show only those provinces where labour was reallocated from agriculture to manufacturing and services benefited from a structural bonus on labour productivity growth. In the other provinces, this structural-change effect was minimal or negative. Regarding the structural-change effect on total factor productivity (TFP) growth, I find both labour and capital reallocation played a limited role. Labour reallocation has little potential in boosting aggregate TFP growth, as marginal labour returns are similar across sectors. Capital reallocation has a far greater potential but remains restrained, suggesting substantial reallocation frictions. China's TFP growth is mostly explained by within-sector technological progress, which has been dissipating since 2008, leading to declining TFP growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological progress is leading to the incorporation of digital twinning and artificial intelligence, causing engineering design and scientific procedures to transition into an AI-driven age. Digital twinning and modeling have been increasingly included into engineering design optimization, particularly via processes like topology optimization and generative design, to provide modern design solutions efficiently. The integration of topology optimization with additive manufacturing is revolutionizing the design optimization process in the automotive industry, where there is a pressing demand for lightweight design and improving production efficiency. A design optimization methodology has been developed to optimize an Automotive Seatbelt Bracket subjected to dynamic load and fatigue. The innovative design is lighter and consolidates the entire assembly into a single body that can be manufactured using additive manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomass resources are abundant and have huge production capacity. Reasonably and efficiently converting biomass can not only alleviate the depletion of fossil resources but also protect the environment and promote the green and sustainable development of human society. Microwave is one of the currently highly regarded process intensification technologies. This paper reviews the research progress of microwave technology in biomass pyrolysis, biomass pretreatment, and biomass conversion, and analyzes its technical characteristics. Finally, it summarizes and prospects the application of microwave in the field of biomass conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimizing fracturing parameters is crucial for enhancing production and reducing costs in oil and gas exploration and development. Effectively integrating geological and engineering parameters for the automated optimization of fracturing design continues to pose challenges. This study utilizes the cluster-based local outlier factor method for anomaly detection and removal from the dataset, significantly enhancing data quality. By integrating diverse models, including tree-based models and neural networks, an ensemble model for production prediction was developed. This approach successfully addresses the limitations of relying on a single model and achieves high-precision production forecasting. Furthermore, a Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES)-based framework was established to comprehensively optimize the design parameters of fracturing projects. Optimization practices for two selected wells resulted in a 168.54% increase in production and identified the optimal design parameter configuration for all cases studied. The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed ensemble prediction model and optimization framework in practical applications. Data-driven optimization strategies are expected to play a larger role in future oil and gas development, driving technological innovation and advancement in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of economic development in China cannot be separated from the 'shadow' of government target intervention. Under the Chinese system of fiscal decentralization, constraints created by local government fiscal revenue targets (CCFRTs) will have a series of influence on development economically and socially. Based on the fiscal revenue target data revealed in the government work reports of 281 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2019, this paper explores the influence of CCFRTs on green technology innovation (GTI). The findings are as follows: first, CCFRTs significantly inhibits GTI. Second, Spatial Durbin model analysis shows that CCFRTs has significant negative spatial spillover effect on GTI. Third, CCFRTs can affect GTI through the optimization of industrial structure, the level of human capital, and the degree of opening-up, technological progress and economic growth. Fourth, CCFRTs has an obvious threshold effect on GTI. Finally, the influence of CCFRTs on GTI has regional heterogeneity in central, eastern and western China. In the western and central regions, CCFRTs significantly restrains GTI significantly, while in the eastern region, CCFRTs significantly promotes GTI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently become a vital technology affecting several sectors, including hospitality. The expanding use of AI robots in functions previously performed by humans raises important issues — which are currently unknown — regarding how AI robotics may affect personnel and guests. This study examined guests' and staff's experiences with service robots in a 4-star southern Dutch hotel. The report offers the hospitality industry AI robot implementation advice. In-depth staff interviews and 4-star hotel guest surveys were completed. Data from customers and staff showed a need for service robots at the front office. This demand highlights the need for service robots at the front desk to serve leisure and business clients and to aid staff. However, both quantitative and qualitative studies imply that a tangible human welcome is still necessary, especially for leisure tourists. This study found that customers and personnel at the front office want service robots, with leisure and business guests preferring something different. These demographics perceive human connections as essential for a good visitor experience, emphasising the complexities of AI in hospitality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The double-wheel drive of manufacturing industries and producer services industries is one of the key pathways to promote high-quality development relying on a modern industrial system. This paper explores the impacts of industrial co-agglomeration on regional economic growth in China with systematic consideration of static, dynamic, and spatio-temporal perspectives based on panel data for 285 prefecture-level cities from 2003 to 2020, employing the consolidated night-time light data. The empirical results show that industrial co-agglomeration significantly accelerates regional economic growth, especially high-tech intensity producer services industries, information industries, and finance industries. In addition, its spatial spillover effects are evidently established, which are characterized by cyclic accumulative, feedback features, and distance attenuation. Carrying out robustness tests, the preliminary regression results are verified. The heterogeneous influences are established across cities with different geographical locations, innovation capacities, and resource endowments. The further mechanism analysis indicates that industrial upgrading, technological progress, and efficiency enhancements account for the main channels for a sharp promotion in regional economic growth over the sample period. Furthermore, the government moderates this process more significantly than market forces do, especially when it comes to macroexogenous shocks that are regulated by the government. The findings of this study recommend policymakers to give full play to the positive externalities of industrial co-agglomeration and accelerate the industrial co-agglomeration process in a reasonable manner, so as to promote high-quality economic growth in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With intensified urbanization, cities are becoming increasingly important units for addressing air pollution issues. From the perspective of urban agglomeration (UA), in this paper, the influence of functional division on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is studied. To explore the spillover effect within UA, a spatial Durbin model is built. The mediating effects of economic growth, industrial structure, and technological progress are examined using the parallel multiple mediation model. An empirical study is carried out on the Yangtze River Delta in China. The results suggest that: at the UA level, functional division and CO2 emissions follows a positive "U-shaped" curve relationship. The level of functional division is located on the left side of this curve. This implies that when the functional division of the Yangtze River Delta improves, current CO2 emission levels will decrease. Within the UA, improving the level of functional division will minimize CO2 emissions of adjacent cities, exerting a significant spillover effect. Functional division imposes a significantly negative influence on CO2 emissions. Moreover, economic growth, industrial structure, and technological progress all exert a significant mediating effect on the influencing mechanism. Functional division within the UA can also significantly reduce CO2 by optimizing these three paths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Herz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)