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1. Study of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR)-γ in renal ischemia–reperfusion injury

Author

T. Shinka, T. Nakatani, Y. Takemoto, K. Tsuchida, K. Kuratsukuri, Y. Segawa, Y. Kawahito, Hajime Sano, R. Yoshimura, and M. Matsuyama

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Necrosis, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, Renal Circulation, Proinflammatory cytokine, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, chemistry.chemical_classification, Transplantation, Kidney, Renal circulation, Renal ischemia, business.industry, medicine.disease, Glomerular Mesangium, Rats, PPAR gamma, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, chemistry, Rats, Inbred Lew, Reperfusion Injury, Surgery, medicine.symptom, business, Kidney disease
Abstract

Recent studies of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury have focused on the function of neutrophils, the action mechanism of inflammatory cytokines. However, few reports have addressed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma. PPAR-gamma is a ligand-activated transcriptional factor belonging to the steroid receptor superfamily. It plays a role in both adipocyte differentiation and tumorigenesis. We researched the expression of PPAR-gamma in renal I/R injury of the rat. Male Lewis rats were used. The right kidney was harvested and the left renal artery and vein were clamped at 90 minutes of ischemic time. Rats were killed at 0, 1.5, 3, 5, and 12 hours after reperfusion. PPAR-gamma expression was studied by immunohistostaining. PPAR-gamma expression was observed only on mesangial and endothelial cells of normal kidney. From 1.5 to 3 hours after reperfusion, PPAR-gamma expression gradually became stronger on mesangial and endothelial cells. PPAR-gamma expression was most intense on mesangial cells and endothelial cells at 3 hours after reperfusion. Twelve hours after reperfusion, necrosis extended throughout the ischemic kidney and nearly all the tubular epithelial cells were destroyed, but 12 hours after reperfusion PPAR-gamma expression gradually became weaker on mesangial and endothelial cells. PPAR-gamma was expressed in the rat model having renal I/R injury. Several hours after maximal of PPAR-gamma expression, maximal renal I/R injury was observed. These results may indicate a relationship between PPAR-gamma expression and renal I/R injury.

Published
2004
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2. INTRAVESICAL CHEMOTHERAPY AND IMMUNOTHERAPY: HOW DO WE ASSESS THEIR EFFECTIVENESS AND WHAT ARE THEIR LIMITATIONS AND USES?

Author

Donald L. Lamm, Timothy L. Ratliff, Hideyuki Akaza, T Shinka, ChB Brendler, Apm van der Meijden, Mrg Robinson, PO Hedlund, and Y Mizutani

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Bladder cancer, business.industry, Urology, Internal medicine, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine, Immunotherapy, medicine.disease, Intravesical chemotherapy, business
Published
1995
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4. Contents, Vol. 47, Supplement 1, 1991

Author

M. Ziegler, Y. Aso, H.J. Rollema, H. Noto, E.A. Tanagho, G. Kimura, A. C. Von Eschenbach, K. Sugaya, S. Komine, M. Tojo, S. Baba, J. Muraki, A. Kondo, H. Hisazumi, H. Tanaka, S. Kubota, L.M. Rainwater, M. Mizunaga, Y. Kawata, M. Takanami, N. Deguchi, R.D. Williams, K. Nagashima, S. Kaneko, M. Satoh, Y. Saito, Y. Hirao, T. Terada, Y. Terashima, S. Jitsukawa, K. Kato, R. Suzuki, M. Akimoto, S. Wada, S. Yachiku, T. Hattori, Z. Masaki, O. Nishizawa, T. Ogawa, T. Ohkawa, T. Shinka, H. Kanetake, A.E.J.L. Kramer, V. Moll, S. Koga, W.F. Whitmore, H. Tazaki, J. Shimazaki, M. Kyo, J. Kumazawa, S. Ikemoto, E. Okajima, T. Kubo, M. Tachibana, T. Kase, N. Miyanaga, K. Kuwashima, T. Yagishita, K. Taniguchi, H. Matsuki, M. Hayakawa, K. Fujimoto, U. Jonas, K. Koiso, T. Yamanishi, C.S. Grant, G. Mast, A. Horii, Y. Nishio, M. Gotoh, Y. Watabe, R. Noguchi, H. Yamashita, T. Kishimoto, J.R. Roppolo, N. Nakayama, K. Kumasaka, S. Ozono, G.M. Farrow, S. Samma, T. Tajima, K. Marumo, I.J. Fidler, T. Uchibayashi, H. Yoshida, J.A. van Heerden, K. Yasuda, M. Kamízuru, M. Ueno, Y. Uekado, R. Yasumoto, Y. Kondo, S. Tsuchida, E. Becht, M. Harada, S. Yamashita, S. Satoh, M. Shirai, A. Hirano, R.A. Janknegt, T. Nishimura, S. Kanoh, K. Koyama, K. Yoshida, H. Ishikawa, R. van Mastrigt, Y. Koyama, Y. Kakehi, O. Yoshida, I. Kaneko, M.M. Lieber, M. Asakawa, Y. Fukui, T. Hatano, M. Matsushima, M. Hata, Y. Hosaka, K. Koshida, Y. Taki, A. Iwai, M. Miyata, M. Nishikido, C. Fujiyama, W.C. de Groat, S. Kawamura, A. Osawa, Y. Sawamura, M. Saito, N. Murayama, K. Miyake, S. Naito, R.M. Levin, W. Sakamoto, A.J. Wein, and M. Maekawa

Subjects
Traditional medicine, business.industry, Urology, Medicine, business
Published
1991
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5. Novel (CA)n marker DXYS241 on the nonrecombinant part of the human Y chromosome

Author

S E, Kotliarova, T, Toda, O, Takenaka, I, Matsushita, A, Hida, T, Shinka, J, Goto, K, Tokunaga, Y, Nakagome, and Y, Nakahori

Subjects
Genetic Markers, Male, Polymorphism, Genetic, Pan troglodytes, Black People, Sequence Homology, Biological Evolution, Translocation, Genetic, White People, Pedigree, Asian People, Japan, Pongo pygmaeus, Y Chromosome, Animals, Humans, Female, Alleles
Abstract

The origin of modern humans can be traced by comparing polymorphic sites in either mitochondria or genomic sequences between humans and other primates. The human Y chromosome has both a non-recombining region and X-Y homologous pseudo-autosomal regions. In the nonrecombining region events during evolution can be directly detected. At least a part of homology between Xq21 and Yp11 is a result of rather recent translocations from the X chromosome to the Y chromosome. DNA markers residing in the nonrecombining region of the human Y chromosome are potentially useful in tracing male-specific gene flow in human evolution. However, the number of available markers in the region is limited. Here, we report a novel X-Y homologous (CA)n repeat locus in the nonrecombining region of the Y chromosome. This marker, DXYS241, has several interesting features. Y- and X-chromosome alleles are distinguishable because the Y-chromosome alleles are shorter than the X-chromosome alleles most of the time. We developed 2 primer sets for specific examination of Y- and X-chromosome alleles. The marker should be useful in establishing relationships between populations based on patrilineal gene flow. Sequences homologous to DXYS241 are also found on the X chromosome of primates. Four events during primate evolution that led to the modern human Y chromosome were identified.

Published
1999

6. President’s Foreword

Author

S. Koga, W.C. de Groat, S. Kawamura, A. Osawa, O. Yoshida, M. Hata, Y. Watabe, A.E.J.L. Kramer, K. Taniguchi, M.M. Lieber, T. Terada, S. Jitsukawa, M. Mizunaga, R. Noguchi, I.J. Fidler, Z. Masaki, G.M. Farrow, W.F. Whitmore, J. Shimazaki, S. Kaneko, T. Uchibayashi, J.A. van Heerden, L.M. Rainwater, T. Hattori, H. Kanetake, M. Ueno, R. Yasumoto, M. Matsushima, M. Satoh, S. Baba, J. Muraki, M. Harada, M. Takanami, M. Tojo, N. Deguchi, C.S. Grant, Y. Nishio, R.D. Williams, Y. Uekado, M. Miyata, M. Gotoh, T. Kishimoto, M. Nishikido, M. Ziegler, Y. Saito, J.R. Roppolo, S. Yachiku, Y. Kondo, Y. Aso, K. Koshida, Y. Terashima, M. Shirai, Y. Taki, H. Tanaka, K. Koiso, R.M. Levin, K. Miyake, S. Ikemoto, K. Kumasaka, S. Satoh, T. Kubo, A. Hirano, S. Kanoh, S. Naito, A. Kondo, Y. Kawata, G. Kimura, A. C. Von Eschenbach, T. Tajima, K. Marumo, H. Noto, T. Nishimura, W. Sakamoto, Y. Hosaka, R. van Mastrigt, S. Yamashita, T. Shinka, K. Yasuda, M. Kamízuru, T. Kase, K. Kuwashima, E. Okajima, S. Komine, H. Matsuki, H. Hisazumi, G. Mast, H.J. Rollema, T. Yagishita, K. Koyama, T. Yamanishi, K. Nagashima, K. Sugaya, M. Hayakawa, O. Nishizawa, T. Ogawa, J. Kumazawa, Y. Hirao, M. Tachibana, S. Ozono, K. Fujimoto, A. Horii, H. Yamashita, K. Kato, U. Jonas, M. Akimoto, R. Suzuki, S. Samma, K. Yoshida, Y. Kakehi, M. Asakawa, T. Hatano, M. Kyo, V. Moll, A.J. Wein, S. Wada, N. Miyanaga, M. Maekawa, H. Ishikawa, Y. Koyama, I. Kaneko, Y. Fukui, H. Tazaki, N. Nakayama, E. Becht, Y. Sawamura, M. Saito, N. Murayama, C. Fujiyama, A. Iwai, S. Tsuchida, R.A. Janknegt, E.A. Tanagho, H. Yoshida, S. Kubota, and T. Ohkawa

Subjects
Gerontology, business.industry, Urology, Medicine, business, Classics
Published
1991
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7. Comparative specificity of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthetase of Micrococcus lysodeikticus and pumpkin

Author

T, Shinka, K, Ogura, and S, Seto

Subjects
Kinetics, Structure-Activity Relationship, Species Specificity, Terpenes, Transferases, Phosphoric Acids, Plants, Micrococcus
Abstract

Comparative studies on the substrate specificity of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthetase from Micrococcus lysodeikticus and from pumpkin seedlin revealed that geranyl pyrophosphate was the most active of the natural substrates for the pumpkin enzyme, whereas it was the least active for the bacterial enzyme. A marked difference was also observed between the enzymes from these two sources as regards the reactivity of 3-methyl-2-alkenyl pyrophosphates as a function of the size of the alkyl group.

Published
1975

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