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Tujuan studi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dampak permainan tradisional terhadap perkembangan motorik anak, serta untuk mengidentifikasi nilai pendidikan yang terkandung di dalamnya. Bahan dan metode. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sistematis literatur dengan melakukan pencarian artikel yang relevan menggunakan Google Scholar dan menerapkan pedoman PRISMA. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari 11 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa permainan tradisional, seperti hadangan, bakiak, dan egrang batok, secara signifikan meningkatkan keterampilan motorik kasar dan halus anak. Selain itu, permainan seperti gobak sodor dan lompat tali terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan koordinasi dan kemampuan kerja sama. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa aktivitas fisik dalam permainan tradisional mendukung pengembangan kognitif dan sosial-anak, seperti kemampuan komunikasi, kerja sama, dan kreativitas Kesimpulan. Kesimpulannya, bahwa permainan tradisional memiliki manfaat yang signifikan bagi perkembangan motorik kasar, sosial, dan kognitif anak. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa permainan seperti hadangan bakiak, egrang batok, gobak sodor, dan lompat tali tidak hanya meningkatkan keterampilan fisik dan koordinasi, tetapi juga kemampuan kerja sama dan komunikasi di antara anak-anak. Selain itu, permainan tradisional berkontribusi pada pengembangan kreativitas dan berpikir kritis anak.

Background and Study Aim. Pencak Silat is a martial art that demands exceptional physical strength, agility, and endurance. Among these, arm muscle endurance plays an important role in performing effective offensive and defensive maneuvers. Improving arm muscle endurance not only enhances technical efficiency but also minimizes fatigue and prolongs performance during matches. This study aims to explore and analyze proven strategies and methods to optimize arm muscular endurance in Pencak Silat athletes. Materials and Methods. This study used a literature review approach to investigate findings related to improving arm muscular endurance in Pencak Silat athletes. The research process involved a systematic search of electronic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, using specific keywords such as “Pencak Silat,” “martial arts,” “arm endurance,” “muscular endurance,” and “training.” After applying exclusion criteria, eight relevant articles were selected for analysis. Additional sources, including university libraries, conference proceedings, and online articles, were also reviewed. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively to identify key themes and effective practices. Results. Some of the key findings in this study include that optimal arm muscle endurance is required by pencak silat athletes to perform repetitive movements such as punches, kicks and locks with maintained speed and power throughout the match. Physiology and Components of Muscular Endurance. Arm muscles have two main endurance components, namely anaerobic endurance (for explosive movements) and aerobic endurance (for long-term endurance). These two components must be drilled in balance to improve the performance of martial arts athletes. Effective Training Methods. Strength training using weights, high-repetition muscular endurance training, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) have been shown to be effective in improving arm muscle capacity. Conclusion. Optimizing arm muscle endurance is one of the important aspects in improving the performance of Pencak Silat athletes. Well-developed arm muscle endurance allows athletes to maintain their strength and technique during prolonged and intense training or competition. This study highlights the importance of incorporating a balanced and targeted training program to maximize athletes' potential and support their success in Pencak Silat. By synthesizing insights from existing literature, this study seeks to provide clear and practical recommendations for designing effective training programs tailored to the needs of athletes.

Traditional medicine still has an important role in overcoming health problems in some Indonesian people, especially in people who live far from the reach of modern medical health services, such as Nagari Maek, Regency 50 Kota of West Sumatra Province. The relationship between the etiology of disease and the use of traditional medicinal herbs and plants by battra (people who heal) in the Minangkabau tribe needs to be explained. This research examines the etiology of disease related to disease symptoms, causes, concepts of health and disease, as well as physical treatment of sick people. This research was conducted in the Nagari Maek community, Regency 50 Kota with 5 informants, 10 of whom were patients or had been patients. The research uses ethnographic type qualitative methods, namely observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The results of the research show that the diseases that occur in the Nagari Maek community are caused by personalistic causes (diseases caused by the supernatural through shamans who aim to cause disease) and naturalistic causes (diseases caused by food, unclean environments, conditions in a person's body such as blood clogged, blood not flowing smoothly and so on). Diseases caused by personalism, in general, battra perform external treatment by soaking the concoction and sprinkling it on the patient's body, distributing the air concoction throughout the sick person's body and emitting smoke from the concoction into the patient's body. Meanwhile, diseases caused by naturalistic causes are treated by using concoctions that have been made to be drunk or eaten by the patient being treated.

Background and Study Aim. Boxing requires an optimal balance between body weight and reaction speed. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a common measure used to assess body composition. For boxers, maintaining weight within the optimal range is crucial for peak performance. Additionally, reaction speed is a key skill in boxing; the ability to quickly respond to an opponent’s moves can significantly impact match outcomes. Material and Methods. This cross-sectional study utilized quantitative data analysis. Primary data included body weight, height, and reaction speed from a sample of 12 PPLOP Central Java boxing athletes. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, while the linearity test evaluated whether the relationships between variables were linear. Bivariate correlation tests were conducted. The study used Body Mass Index and Hand Touch Reaction tests with validity levels of 0.98 and 0.323, respectively, for measuring body weight, height, and reaction speed. Results. There is a relationship between body weight and reaction speed with a sig value of .003 0.05) with a negative relationship direction, 3. there is a relationship between body mass index and reaction speed with a sig value of .001

Normal-weight central obesity (NWCO) has a significant effect on Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and mortality, which are modulated by comorbidities. This systematic review aimed to identify comorbid diseases associated with NWCO. Search for articles published in 2013-2023 using the PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases. Articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria, specifically articles about the relationship between NWCO and comorbid diseases, using English language, observational study design, and can be accessed in full text. Each article was assessed based on sample size, study design, response rate, outcome measurement, statistical analysis, confounding factors, ethics, and research limitations. The results of this study show that NWCO increases the risk of comorbid diseases such as hypertension, CVD, Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Metabolic Syndrome (MS), dyslipidemia, stroke, and hyperuricemia. Hypertension, MS, and dyslipidemia play a role in the incidence of CVD and DM. This study can increase awareness and attention to groups with normal body weights to improve lifestyle, routine health screening, and immediate intervention to prevent comorbid diseases.

This study aims to determine the Implementation of Foreign Language Institute Management in Improving the Arabic and English Language Skills of Santri at Modern Misbahul Ulum Islamic Boarding School. The type of research used is qualitative with descriptive survey techniques. The data presentation is done using comparative analysis. The results showed that the implementation of foreign language institute management can improve the Arabic and English language skills of students. The successful implementation of foreign language institute management is one of the foreign language institute management that is created and has been carried out in misbahul ulum modern pesantren, namely providing vocabulary (mufradat / vocabulary), language changes, muhadatsah (conversation), making mufradat exams, inter-dormitory drama, making place name boards in each pesantren area and strengthening foreign languages. The research output produced through the management of foreign language institutions in improving the Arabic and English language skills of santri is to produce graduates who not only master religious knowledge, but also have superior foreign language skills.

Teachers' learning methods for sports and health are still conventional, such as lectures, discussions, and assignments, but teachers have not yet applied learning using interactive learning technologies, especially in basketball games. The aim of this research is to produce effective interactive learning media to enhance the knowledge of students. The research method used is Research and Development (RnD) using the Borg and Gall model. The subjects in this study included validators, physical education teachers, and grade XI students from all public high schools in Purwokerto City (Public High Schools 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5). Data analysis techniques use quantitative descriptive analysis. The product test suffered audio constraints overcome through improvements and showed a score of 86.20%. After improvements, the usage test of 62 students and five teachers showed very high scores, reaching 95.72% of students and 96.40% of teachers. The results of the effectiveness test showed that interactive learning media has a significant influence on students' cognitive abilities. Keywords: Development, Interactive Learning Media, Cognitive Aspects, Basketball

This article aims to describe the socio-economic life of the fishing community in Purus Village, Padang City. The problem in the article concerns the socio-economic conditions of fishing communities in Padang City. This research was conducted on fishing communities in Purus Village, Padang City using ethnographic qualitative methods through observation, structured interviews, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The results of the research can be concluded: First, the reason for choosing a job as a fisherman is because this job is a job passed down from ancestors; they feel destined to be fishermen, do not have the capital to open another business, have a low level of education, and have no other skills. Second, the relationship between fishermen and their family members is not very close, because they are busy with their respective activities until the afternoon. Third, education in fishing families is generally only limited to middle and high school, because the costs are considered expensive and children lack motivation to study and continue their education to tertiary level. Fourth, there are still many fishing communities that do not have their own homes and live in simple rented houses. Fifth, income from fishing in the sea is uncertain, like a 'tiger's fortune', sometimes you get quite a lot of fish, and sometimes you don't catch any fish. The lack of socio-economic welfare of the fishing community in Purus, Padang City is influenced by unstable economic income.

The Covid-19 pandemic brought challenges for education sector in the learning process. The problems faced in learning during the pandemic were the lack of use of ICT-based media by teachers. This study aims to produce Edmodo-based learning media of geography lesson on the topic of Indonesian cultural diversity. This development research applied ADDIE model that consist of five stages includes analysis stage, design stage, development stage, implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. The results of the media development were validated by three experts namely media design expert, material expert, and geography teacher. The validation result from media design expert is very valid with score of 87.27%. Validation result from material expert is very valid with scored 80%, and validation from geography teacher is very valid with score of 88%. Media trials were carried out on students to collect student responses on the clarity of the material, appearance of the media, ease of understanding, and the use of language. The average student response to learning media gets 91.82%. Based on the research result, it can be concluded that the Edmodo-based learning media is suitable for learning process both offline and online learning.

The reality of climate change has an impact on people's lives. People need to pay attention to climate change that is happening. Climate change that occurs needs to be anticipated early on. With climate change, people need to increase their sensitivity to disaster threats. Bilato Village is located in a coastal area vulnerable to climate change's effects. The Bilato village community impacts the livelihood system due to climate change. The aim of holding the outreach is so that the Bilato village community adapts to climate change's impacts by utilizing existing natural resources besides fishing and salt. The subject of community service is the villagers of Bilato. The community service method is carried out in three ways: observation, interviews, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The three findings of community service include a) how to reduce the impact of climate change, b) the village government's efforts to deal with climate change, and c) the fate of fishermen affected by climate change. Based on the results, it can be concluded that climate vulnerability and adaptive capacity with the climatepreneurship strategy of socialization participants understand climate change.

Background: Majority of invasive candidiasis in critically ill patients was developed after admission to intensive care unit. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for development of invasive candidiasis among patients admitted to intensive care unit, especially considering the timing of laboratory, microscopic, and culture examinations. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study in which critically ill patients were assessed on the first, fifth, and ninth day since admission to intensive care unit. Potential risk factors were demographic and clinical characteristic, clinical managements profile proportions, laboratory profile (leukocyte, platelet, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin), morphological change (from yeast to hypae or pseudohyphae in microscopic examination) and colonization increase (from serial culture examination). Results: A total of 115 subjects enrolled in this study. Multivariate analysis identified older age (HR 2.8, 95% CI 0.8–8.9), parenteral nutrition (HR 3.1, 95% CI 0.77–12.3), central venous catheter (HR 1.7, 95% CI 0.43–6.67), corticosteroid (HR 2.8, 95% CI 0.53–14.8), procalcitonin day-5 (HR 3.1, 95% CI 0.89–10.8), morphology change in the axilla and rectal swab (HR 5.1, 95% CI 1.6–18.51), and morphology change and colonization increase in rectal swab day-9 (HR 4.3, 95% CI 1.0–18.02) as independent risk factors of invasive candidiasis. Conclusion: In addition to several typical risk factors, procalcitonin test on day-5 as well as serial microscopic and culture examinations were associated with the development of invasive candidiasis, therefore potentially help in the diagnosis and treatment of critically ill patients in intensive care unit.

Abstrak: Islam adalah agama yang memuliakan akal dan menempatkan pada kedudukan yang terhormat. Islam juga mengatur untuk memelihara akal dengan cara makan makanan yang halal dan baik, serta menjauhi makanan dan minuman yang dilarang dalam syari’at salah satunya meminum khamar. Pada zaman Jahiliyah, bangsa Arab terkenal gemar meminum arak (khamar). Untuk menghindari pertentangan secara signifikan dari kalangan masyarakat yang sudah mendarah daging dengan tradisi, adat dan budaya meminum khamar, maka wahyu tentang pengharaman khamar diturunkan secara bertahap. Dalil-dalil yang dimuat dalam Al-Qur;an tidak menyebutkan secara tegas tentang sanksi hukum bagi pemabuk. Meskipun larangannya relatif cukup tegas, namun jenis sanksinya baru disebutkan di dalam riwayat hadis. Rasulullah memberi peringatan yang keras tentang bahaya khamar, sehingga peminum khamar harus diberi hukuman yaitu cambuk sebanyak 40 kali. Para ulama berbeda pendapat mengenai kadar hukuman bagi peminum khamar. Eksekusi hukuman peminum khamar di masa Nabi bervariasi, yaitu 40 kali cambuk. Sementara di saat Umar berkuasa (atas saran ‘Abd al-Rahman bin ‘Auf) peminum khamar dihukum cambuk 80 kali. Menurut Ahmad Hanafi, besarnya hukuman bagi tindak pidana peminum khamar berdasarkan ijma’ sahabat adalah 80 kali cambuk karena dianalogikan dengan tindak pidana qadzaf, empat puluh cambuk sebagai hukuman hudud, dan 40 lagi sebagai hukuman ta’zir. Sebagaimana yang dirumuskan dalam Qanun bahwa mengkonsumsi khamar adalah suatu perbuatan mungkar yang dilarang dalam syariat Islam serta bertentangan dengan adat istiadat masyarakat Aceh. Menurut Qanun Nomor 6 Tahun 2014, hukuman bagi yang mengkonsumsi arak dikenakan hukuman cambuk sebanyak 40 kali, hal ini sebagaimana yang dimaksudkan dalam pasal 15. Tujuan penelitian ini menjelaskan formulasi sanksi pidana terhadap peminum khamar dalam qanun jinayah. Jenis penelitian ini disebut dengan penelitian hukum yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan undang-undang, yang terdri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, tersier yang diperoleh dengan serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat serta mengolah bahan penelitian. Kata kunci: Sanksi Pidana, Peminum Khamar, Qanun Jinayah. Abstract: Islam is a religion that honors reason and places it in an honorable position. Islam also regulates to maintain the mind by eating halal and good food, and stay away from food and drinks that are prohibited in the Shari'ah, one of which is drinking khamr. In the Jahiliyah era, the Arabs were famous for drinking wine (khamr). In order to avoid significant opposition from the people who are ingrained with the traditions, customs and culture of drinking khama, the revelation about the prohibition of khamr was passed down gradually. The arguments contained in the Qur'an do not explicitly mention legal sanctions for drunkards. Although the prohibition is relatively firm, the types of sanctions are only mentioned in the hadith narrations. The Prophet gave a stern warning about the dangers of alcohol, so that the drinker of alcohol must be given a punishment of 40 lashes. Scholars differ on the level of punishment for drinking alcohol. . The execution of the punishment for drinking alcohol at the time of the Prophet varied, namely 40 lashes. Meanwhile, when Umar was in power (on the advice of 'Abd al-Rahman bin 'Auf) alcohol drinkers were punished with 80 lashes. According to Ahmad Hanafi, the amount of punishment for the crime of drinking alcohol based on the consensus of friends is 80 lashes because it is analogous to a qadzaf crime, forty lashes as a hudud punishment, and 40 more as a ta'zir punishment. As formulated in the Qanun that consuming alcohol is an evil act which is prohibited in Islamic law and is contrary to the customs of the Acehnese people. According to Qanun Number 6 of 2014, the punishment for consuming arak is subject to 40 lashes, this is as intended in Article 15. The purpose of this study is to explain the formulation of criminal sanctions against alcohol drinkers in the qanun jinayah. This type of research is called normative juridical law research, with a legal approach, which consists of primary, secondary, tertiary legal materials obtained by a series of activities related to the methods of collecting library data, reading and recording and processing research materials. Keywords: Criminal Sanctions, Drinking Alcohol, Qanun Jinaya.

Fruit chips in Darsa Small and Medium Industry at Lampung products do not include an expiry date on the packaging label as important information that consumers must know. This study aims to estimate the shelf life of jackfruit, pineapple and banana chips using the Accelerated Shelf Life Test (ASLT) method with the Labuza equation critical moisture content approach model. The research was conducted by determining the initial water content, critical water content and equilibrium moisture content with other supporting variables such as packaging permeability, slope (b), product solid weight and packaging area. Based on the research results, the initial water content and critical water content of each fruit chips were 0.0348 and 0.0582 gH2O/g solid for jackfruit chips, 0.0348 and 0.0493 gH2O/g solid for pineapple chips, 0.0525 and 0.0741 gH2O/g solid for banana chips. while the equilibrium moisture content at 75% relative humidity at 30°C is -0.0537 g H2O/g solid in jackfruit chips, 0.01128 g H2O/g solid in pineapple chips and 0.0119 g H2O/g solid in banana chips. The Hasley equation model is the most suitable model to describe the water sorption isotherm phenomenon in jackfruit chips, while the Chen-Clayton equation model is suitable to describe the water sorption isotherm phenomenon in pineapple and banana chips products. The prediction of the shelf life of jackfruit and banana chips packed in nylon aluminum foil stored at 30°C with 75% RH is 2.6 months for jackfruit chips and 3 months for banana chips. While the prediction of the shelf life of pineapple chips packaged in metallized plastic paper is 4.2 months.

Defects of silicon (Si) semiconductor epilayers are crucial to be identified at laboratory environs. The identification of failure and its rectification at laboratory settings is essential for large-scaling manufacturing of narrowed down semiconductor devices. This research documented the inspection, identification and the solution for defects found in the Si semiconductor epilayers, fabricated by a simple and conventional photolithography technique, with the integration of metal oxide nanomaterial, zinc oxide (ZnO). The semiconductor epilayers, Si wafer, Si oxide and ZnO coated SiO2 layer were formed and examined. Optical microscope images [high power microscope (HPM) and 3D profilometer] reveal smooth surface of semiconductor epilayers development through thermal oxidation and photolithography techniques. High power ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) justified the accuracy of wet thermal oxidation by examining the thickness of oxide layer on Si wafer at 3837.3 Å. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of sol-gel synthesized ZnO affirmed the hexagonal crystalline state and its nanoscale size at 54 nm. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) has shown the insight of Si epilayer morphology with its elemental composition, which provides details of foreign substances on semiconductor surface. ZnO deposited Si epilayer was prepared through lamella preparation, prior to the cross-sectional field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM) analysis of the semiconductor, which revealed the uniformity of fabrication and ZnO distribution at Si epilayer. Failure analysis reported several defects on the Si epilayers in the state of patches and accumulation of impurities. The potential cause of the defects and the respective solutions are discussed as the accuracy and handling must be ensured throughout the fabrication process, to develop a flawless semiconductor for high performance applications.

Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus (UDDM) are associated with an increased risk of diabetes complications and other cardiovascular diseases. Early detection of both health problems is expected to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases in the future. The purpose of this study is to investigate predictors of prediabetes and UDDM based on HbA1c levels among population ≥ 15 years old in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study involved 6,065 respondents of Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS 5) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data associated with sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle risk factors, hypertension, and obesity were obtained. Prediabetes was defined as HbA1c between 5.7-6.4%, while diabetes was defined as HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR). The results showed that predictors of prediabetes were age, gender, marital status, and obesity, while predictors of UDDM were age, hypertension, and obesity. Identification of risk factors and early detection of prediabetes and UDDM is important, so that appropriate intervention can be given immediately to prevent complications.

Abstract: This study describes learning and teaching objectives according to K.H. Hasyim Asy'ari in the Âdâb al-'Âlim wa al-Muta'allim book. It was observed from the literature review, the descriptive method, content analysis, and reflective analysis employed that the learning and teaching objectives of K.H. Hasyim Asy'ari are theo-and humanistic-centric oriented. The learning objectives of K.H. Hasyim Asy'ari from one side need to be maintained, recommended, and adopted in Islamic education development because it is still very relevant to the context of contemporary Islamic education. But from the other side, the learning objectives of the ulama (scholar) need to be improved so that it does not ignore happiness in this world and the afterlife (ukhrawi). In addition to learning objectives, teaching objectives of K.H. Hasyim Asy'ari from one side need to be maintained, recommended, and adopted in the context of formulating and making policies on education and teaching objectives in Islamic education institutions because it is still very relevant to the context of contemporary in Indonesia. On the other hand, it also need to be improved so that the teaching objectives can be directed towards the interests of happiness in this world and the afterlife (ukhrawi).Keywords: Teaching and Learning Objectives, K.H. Hasyim Asy'ari, Âdâb al-'Âlim wa al-Muta'allim Book, Islamic education.Abstrak: Tulisan ini menjelaskan tujuan belajar dan mengajar menurut K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari dalam kitab Âdâb al-‘Âlim wa al-Muta’allim. Berdasarkan kajian kepustakaan dan penggunaan metode deskriptif, analisis isi, dan analisis reflektif, hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tujuan belajar dan mengajar versi K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari bercorak teo dan humanistic sentris oriented. Tujuan belajar K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari dari satu sisi perlu dipertahankan, direkomendasikan, dan diadopsi dalam pengembangan pendidikan Islam karena masih sangat relevan dengan konteks pendidikan Islam kekinian. Tapi dari sisi lain tujuan belajar versi ulama tersebut perlu penyempurnaan sehingga tidak mengabaikan kebahagiaan duniawi dan ukhrawi. Selain tujuan belajar, tujuan mengajar menurut K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari dari satu sisi perlu juga dipertahankan dan direkomendasikan, dan diadopsi dalam rangka perumusan dan pengambilan kebijakan tentang tujuan pendidikan dan pengajaran di lembaga pendidikan Islam karena masih sangat relevan dengan konteks kekinian di Indonesia. Namun dari sisi lain tujuan mengajar versi tokoh pendidikan Islam tersebut perlu juga penyempurnaan sehingga tujuan mengajar dapat diarahkan untuk kepentingan kebahagiaan duniawi dan ukhrawi.Kata Kunci: Tujuan Belajar Mengajar, K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari, Kitab Âdâb al-‘Âlim wa al-Muta’allim

The Aceh government has implemented Islamic Sharia regulations by enacting Qanun Aceh Number 7 of 2013 concerning Jinayat Procedural Law, and Article 262 contains provisions regarding the implementation of flogging in public places. However, according to Article 30 Paragraph (3) of the Aceh Governor Regulation Number 5 of 2018 concerning the Implementation of Jinayah Procedural Law, the execution of flogging is restricted to prisons and detention centers. This study aims to outline the legal arguments for shifting the implementation of flogging in Aceh and the Islamic legal provisions related to carrying out flogging in public places. This research uses a normative legal method with a statute approach that refers to the concept of law as a rule and also uses Islamic legal doctrine, which is then analyzed qualitatively and described descriptively to find the alignment between the core issues and the normative provisions. The results of the research show that the main reason for issuing the Governor's Regulation regarding the implementation of flogging in prisons is to increase investment, as the implementation of flogging in Aceh has faced opposition from external parties. However, the issuance of the Governor's Regulation contradicts the system of forming legislation in Indonesia and legally lacks legal force. According to Islamic law provisions, the execution of flogging must be witnessed by a group of believers, as explained in the Quran, Surah An-Nur, verse 2. The implementation of flogging in prisons cannot be witnessed, whereas this is an integral part of the agreed implementation of flogging. There needs to be a specific and easily accessible location for the public as a place to carry out flogging penalties.

This study was conducted to provide insights regarding the online services of SIPEDAS, supporting and hindering factors, and the strategies employed for for the sake of its success. The method is a descriptive with a qualitative approach. The SWOT analysis is employed as the technique of analysis in designating the targets and composing the strategies. The SWOT matrix is employed to compose strategic issues and followed by a Litmus Test in assigning the priorities of which strategies to be used. Based on the findings, in supporting the the online services of SIPEDAS, there are a number of existing sopporting factors such as the online sevices regulations, Standard Operational Procedures, technical support for the staffs, cooperations from related parties, which resulted in the achievement of the Public Satisfaction Level (PSL) and the improvement of Disdukcapil’s services. However, there are still hindrances such as the unmaximized use of infrastructure, the lack of adequate human resources, particularly operarors/technicians, the uneven spread of information, some regions experiencing network issues/blank spots, some of the people are not competent enough in using online-based services and the lack of people’s awareness in fulfilling their civil administration

Understanding the concept of community resilience is important, as an effort to increase public sensitivity to the impacts caused by disasters. In this aspect, local communities, especially young people, can increase their adaptive capacity, become more resilient, and take a bigger role in achieving local prosperity. The program aims to address the gaps in the concept of disaster for local communities, which focuses on increasing community understanding and capacity so that communities can voluntarily undertake adaptation and mitigation measures. Community forums are an important component in achieving the target of this program. Community forums formed include PRB and TSBM forums. The presence of community forums is a pillar in building and increasing community resilience. This requires adequate support so that the forum as a local organization can make a real contribution. The sustainability of the disaster management training program still needs to be developed, in collaboration with community organizations to ensure resilience capacity is maintained. The implementation of this program can provide a stimulus to local governments and the community about the importance of understanding the concept of disaster to the community, in order to create a sense of responsibility and empathy within the local community.

Monitoring changes in vegetation cover is important for the restoration of ecosystems in the Gorontalo Regency area. The utilization of remote sensing technology makes it possible to detect the dynamics of changes in vegetation cover spatially and temporally. The Terra MODIS satellite image collection in the study area is available in large numbers and sizes. Therefore, cloud computing-based spatial technology support is needed. Google Earth Engine (GEE) as a geospatial computing device is an alternative to cover this shortfall. The aim of this study is to explore the condition of vegetation cover spatially and temporally using the GEE platform. A total of 43 MODIS images in the study area, recording periods 2000 and 2020, were used to quickly and effectively generate vegetation cover maps. The process of downloading, processing, and analyzing data was automated through the GEE interface. The results of the mapping in 2000 and 2020 are shown by maps of vegetation cover in two classes, namely; vegetation and non-vegetation. The accuracy of the vegetation cover map shows good results, namely an overall accuracy of 0.81 for 2000 and 0.85 for 2020. The area of the non-vegetation class increased by 2815.29 ha, and the vegetation class decreased by 2767.31 ha. The map of spatial changes in vegetation cover in the study area is classified into three classes, namely revegetation, devegetation, and unchanged. Based on these results, the extraction of vegetation cover changes in the study area using the GEE platform can be carried out well.

Kemudahan mengakses memiliki peranan penting dalam pengguna rokok elektrik. Karena harga yang tejangkau, terdapat toko khusus vape atau rokok elektrik yang sudah tersebar serta toko online yang menjual berbagai jenis rokok elektrik membuat pengguna mudah mengakses rokok elektrik.Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis adanya hubungan antara faktor kemudahan akses produk rokok elektrik dengan perilaku penggunaan rokok elektrik di era new normal pada mahasiswa kesehatan masyarakat UMKT. Metodologi Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional dengan sampel yang ada di penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa S1 kesehatan masyarakat UMKT dengan jumlah sampel 231 mahasiswa, serta menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling untuk menentukan jumlah responden. Pada variable indipenden ini adalah perilaku penggunaan rokok elektrik, dan variable dependen adalah kemudahan akses. Untuk instrument penelitian ini menggunakan google form sebagai instrument kuesioner. Hasil dalam penelitian ini , ada hubungan antara kemudahan akses dengan penggunaan rokok elektrik di era new normal pada mahasiswa kesehatan masyarakat UMKT.

Catfish shredded has become one of the famous foods for many people due to it has a delicious taste and long-life storage of approximately 6-12 months in good storage condition. However, catfish shredded can still be contaminated with pathogenic bacteria that can be causing a healthy problem. Several bacteria that commonly appear in the shredded product are Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli thus its product need for assessing microbial contamination to ensure product safeties that will be supplied in the community. The microbial contamination assessment method in this research using Indonesian national standardization 2332.1:2015 for Escherichia coli assessment, 2332.2: 2006 for Salmonella assessment, 2332.3:2015 for total plate count assessment, and 2332.9:2015 for Staphylococcus aureus assessment. The catfish shredded sample that is used in this research was obtained from the Regional Technical Implementation Unit Application of Fishery Product Quality, Lampung. The result of the total plate count assessment on this research reported that all of the samples have a total amount of microbes lower than the maximum limit for the fish shredded product. Furthermore, the result also shows that all of the samples are negative from Salmonella, S. aureus, and Escherichia coli. According to Indonesian National Standardization number 7690.1:2013 about the standard of shredded products, all of the samples are appropriate and categorized as a safety product to consume based-on microbial contamination aspect.

Since COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way people conduct things, including educational activities, online learning has become a necessity that schools must adopt. This study aims to analyze the relationship of various variables that affect the success of online learning in accounting subjects in vocational high. This study is a quantitative cross-sectional online survey with 308 respondents from 26 schools in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Data analysis was performed through regression analysis with moderating variables. It concluded that the success of online learning process as measured by Learning Satisfaction was influenced by Student Characteristics, Learning Accessibility, and Textbooks, while Multimedia Materials and other Text Materials did not have any effect. It further observed that teacher Support does not affect learning satisfaction but can moderate the relationship between student characteristics and textbook quality. This means that all related parties need to focus on changing students' mindset, improving the quality of textbooks, and increasing accessibility. On the other hand, to increase success, it is necessary to strengthen the role of teachers.

Community-based programs emphasize the community as the main actor. It started with recruitment and the establishment of community forums which became the benchmark for the success of the program. Furthermore, the community is equipped with knowledge about the identification and utilization of village potential so that the community can play practical roles in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem in the context of disaster control. The involvement of community forums in best practice is an efficient means because it provides space for forums to exchange knowledge and ideas in offering problem-solving solutions. The mining potential in Hulawa Village has a strategic role in improving the community's economy. However, it has an impact on river water resources in Hulawa Village. The direct impact observed in the field is the color change in river water due to mining activities. The potential of the village-owned by Hulawa Village can be maximized to become a village advantage. This needs to be done because it sees the opportunity for the high involvement of the Hulawa village community in village community empowerment programs.

Background: COVID-19 is a disease caused by infection of SARS-CoV-2 virus which leads to mortality due to respiratory failure. The progression of COVID-19 is more severe in patients with pre-existence morbidities, including liver disease. Recently, a few studie showed that liver cirrhosis patients with COVID-19 had a higher risk of mortality rather than liver cirrhosis patients without COVID-19 infection. Nevertheless, the study of survival COVID-19 in a patient with underlying liver cirrhosis is still limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate the survival of COVID-19 in adult patients with liver cirrhosis Method: An observational study in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital was conducted. Patients with underlying liver cirrhosis between March 2020-January 2021 with positive confirmation of COVID-19 were enrolled in this study. Liver cirrhosis patients without COVID-19 were enrolled as a comparison. Both liver cirrhosis patients with and without COVID-19 were follow up at the time of hospital admission until 30 days outcome. Kaplan Meier and a log-rank test were conducted to evaluate the comparison of survival rate in liver cirrhosis patients with and without COVID-19. Multivariate Cox Proportional Hazard was conducted to identify the independent risk factors related to survival. Results: There were 22 liver cirrhosis patients with COVID-19 and 116 liver cirrhosis patients included in this study. Presentation of gender and age similar both of them. Predominantly males with average age were 57 years ± 13,60 for cirrhosis with COVID-19 patients and 53 years ± 12,75 for without COVID-19. The survival rate of liver cirrhosis patients with COVID-19 lower than liver cirrhosis patients without COVID-19 (35.8% vs. 67.2%, p-value 0.001). Median survival of liver cirrhosis patients with COVID-19 was 4 days (95% CI: 1-8 days), while median survival of liver cirrhosis patients without COVID-19 couldn’t be reached since the survival rate of this group above 50%. Final model Cox PH showed that liver cirrhosis with COVID-19 (HR: 8.99; CI 95%: 4.55 – 17.80, p-value 0.001) and Child-Pugh class C (HR: 5.61; 95% CI: 2.76 – 11.40, p-value 0.001) were the independent risk factors associated with poor survival. Conclusion: The survival rate of liver cirrhosis patients with COVID-19 lower than liver cirrhosis patients without COVID-19. Liver cirrhosis with COVID-19 and Child-Pugh class C were associated with poor survival.

APPLICATION OF MACHINE TECHNOLOGY FOR MAKING GRILLED CHICKEN MEATBALSS IN KARANG ANYAR VILLAGE, EAST LAMPUNG. The business of craftsmen for grilled chicken meatball sticks from bamboo continues to grow along with the number of meatballs stick sellers in Karang Anyar Village, East Lampung. However, the tools used to produce grilled chicken meatball skewers are still very simple and require a long time to produce grilled chicken meatball skewers with good quantity and quality. Therefore, the service team provides a solution for the application of machine technology for making grilled chicken meatball skewers that are more modern and able to increase the quantity of grilled chicken meatball skewers in a faster time. The solution offered is in the form of new technology with a mechanical pattern system that saves more energy, costs and production time. The program stages begin with service planning, implementation of service by assembling tools, applying tools to the target community, analyzing results, and evaluating the program. The results obtained from this program are the 3 in 1 grilled chicken meatball skewer which is implemented by the people of Karang Anyar Village, East Lampung, thereby increasing the quality and quantity of the grilled chicken meatball sticks produced. This program was also published on two social media. It is hoped that in the future this program can continue to apply the technology of grilled chicken meatball skewers in various potential communities.

Coffee was a type of beverage that widely consumed and favored by Indonesians. The level of coffee consumption in Indonesia increases every year. Lampung is one of the largest coffee producing provinces in Indonesia with Tanggamus being the 2nd highest coffee-producing district in Lampung. This has led to the growth of Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) of coffee at Tanggamus area, one of which was the processing of Robusta ground coffee. These SME produced robusta coffee to be marketed throughout Indonesia and often export to customers abroad. Therefore, SME owners must maintain the quality and quality of coffee by implementing GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices). This causes the need for evaluation of GMP at SME Tanggamus ground coffee to ensure product quality and quality as well as Yeast and Mold Plate also Total Plate Count testing to determine the level of product safety. In addition, there we also gived some recommendations for the application of the HACCP system to SME. Based on the results of observations on the application of GMP at SME Robusta Tanggamus Ground Coffee, there are 12 elements that are checked according to the requirements and there are 2 elements that should have an effort to improve. The results of YMP and TPC tests on Tanggamus robusta ground coffee products showed that the product did not contain mold, yeast, and microbes. Based on the recommendations for the application of the HACCP system, regular observations of the water used for washing coffee beans are required.

Background: Sedation are commonly used these days in patients that having gastrointestinal endoscopy. Propofol is sedative agent that commonly used in endoscopy procedure. Method: All patients who were performed diagnostic EGD in Abdi Waluyo Hospital’s Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit from January 1st 2017 – 31st December 2017, included in this study. The amount of Propofol, duration during hypnosis/sedation and adverse effects were all recorded. Results: 170 patients were performed diagnostic EGD with Propofol sedation, most of them were male (87 patients, 51,5%). The median age was 48,78 + 14. The median Body Mass Index (BMI) was 24.45. The median of duration of hynosis (sedation) during EGD was 5 minutes. The median of propofol total dose during EGD was 180 mg. Adverse effects that found during Propofol sedation are muscle twitching(10.6% patients) and pain in area of injection(80% patients). Conclusion: The duration of propofol hypnosis/sedation during Esophagogastroduodenoscopy examination was 5 minutes. Propofol total dose needed for diagnostic EGD was 180 mg. The common adverse effects of propofol are muscle twitching and pain in area of injection.

Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) merupakan limbah padat industri, Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit yang dewasa ini hanya dibuang atau dibakar sehingga menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Salah satu usaha dalam mengatasi hal tersebut adalah memanfaatkannya untuk pembuatan material baru.Pada penelitian ini Variasi arah serat yang digunakan yaitu 0,30,45 60dan 90 dengan variasi massa serat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 5%, 10% dan 15% serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit. Dari hasil pengolahan data material komposit serat TKKS Harga impak (HI) terbesar terdapat pada spesimen arah 0 dengan persentase serat TKKS 15% sebesar 0,330 J/mm2 dan Harga impak (HI) terkecil terdapat pada spesimen arah 90° dengan persentase serat TKKS 5% sebesar 0,075 J/mm2 dengan bentuk patahan Getas.

Introduction. Non-viral etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) now needs attention. Hepatocellular carcinoma which was caused by hepatitis B and hepatitis C could be controlled in the national program, while HCC from non-B non-C etiology has become a further concern with the with the increased of metabolic syndrome. Serum alpha-fetoprotein is a tumor marker commonly used for screening for HCC in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). However, in HCC patients with non-viral etiology, AFP serum tends to be normal. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of AFP serum based in HCC and LC patient with non-viral etiology and to evaluate the factors associated with elevated AFP. Methods. Data HCC from registry at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in the period August 2015 to December 2019 were collected. Patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) were taken as the control group. The etiology of liver disease is determined by viral serological examination. Non-viral etiology was defined as a patient who was anti-HCV negative and HBsAg negative. Differences in AFP levels were evaluated by using the Mann Whitney test. Performance of serum AFP in viral and non-viral etiologies were evaluated by receiver operation character (ROC). The factors associated with an increase in AFP by a threshold of 10 ng/ml were evaluated by multivariate analysis using logistic regression. Results. There were 295 HCC patients and 155 LC patients who were included in this study. Non-viral etiology was found in 16.1% of LC group and 14.9% of HCC group. The median serum AFP in HCC patients was higher than in LC patients, 187.50 ng/ml vs. 4.60 ng/ml, p 5 cm was 2.89 (95% CI: 1.56 - 3.67; p value 0.001). Conclusions. AFP Serum is low in HCC patients with non-viral etiology. The increase of serum AFP above 10 ng/ml is associated with etiology of viral hepatitis and tumor size.

Maggots is an organism derived from the eggs of the black fly, Hermentia illucens (black soldier fly, BSF), which undergoes metamorphosis in the second phase after the egg phase and before the pupa phase which then turns into an adult fly. The purpose of this study was to analyze the utilization of organic waste substrate on the production of BSF maggots cultivation. This research was conducted outdoor at the Freshwater Aquaculture Fisheries Center (BPBAT) Sungai Gelam Jambi with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications; Treatment A: PKM (palm kernel meal) 100%, B (PKM 50% + cabbage vegetable waste 50%), C (PKM 50% + coconut pulp 50%) and D (PKM 50% + coconut pulp 25% + vegetable waste cabbage 25%). The average yield parameter of high maggots biomass in treatment A was 673.67 g/4 kg substrate and the lowest biomass in treatment D was 239.67 g/4 kg substrate. For the average weight and length of the best maggots in treatment A (0.20 g/individual) and (1.83 cm), the lowest was in B (0.12 g/Ind. and 1.58 cm). The highest was in treatment B (5,182.31 individual/4 kg substrate) and the lowest was in D (1,479.44 ind./4 kg substrate. The highest bioconversion value of maggots to organic matter OSE (organic substrate efficiency) was highest in treatment A (16, 84%) and the lowest was in D (5.99%). Technically, treatment A was slightly better than B, while economically the best organic substrate medium for maggots cultivation was in treatment B with a production cost of Rp. 7.257 and the ECR (economic conversion ratio) value of 5.81 was lower than the other 3 treatments. Keywords: Maggots, black soldier fly, Hermentia illucens, organic waste. ABSTRAK Maggots merupakan organisme yang berasal dari telur seranga lalat hitam, Hermentia illucens (black soldier fly, BSF). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis pemanfaatan subtrat limbah organik terhadap produksi budidaya maggots BSF. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Balai Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar (BPBAT) Sungai Gelam, Jambi dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan 3 ulangan yaitu perlakuan A : PKM (palm kernel meal) 100%, B (PKM 50% + limbah sayur kol 50%), C (PKM 50% + ampas kelapa 50%), dan D (PKM 50% + ampas kelapa 25%+ limbah sayur kol 25%).Rata-rata biomassa tertinggi didapatkan pada perlakuanA (673,67g/4 kg subtrat) dan biomassa terendah dihasilkan pada perlakuan D (239.67g/4 kg subtrat). Untuk bobot rata-rata dan panjang maggots terbaik dihasilkan pada perlakuan A (0,20 g/individu dan 1,83 cm/individu), terendah pada B (0,12 g/individu dan (1,58 cm). Jumlah populasi maggots yang terbanyak dihasilkan pada perlakuan B (5.182,31 ind./4 kg subtrat) dan terendah pada D (1.479,44 individu/4 kg subtrat). Nilai biokonversi maggots terhadap bahan organik OSEterbaik (organic substrate efficiency) tertinggi pada perlakuan A (16,84%) dan terendah pada D (5,99%). Secara teknis perlakuan A sedikit lebih baik dari B sedangkan secara ekonomi media subtrat organik terbaik untuk budidaya maggots terdapat pada perlakuan B dengan biaya produksi sebesar Rp. 7.257 dan nilai ECR (economic convertion ratio) sebesar 5.81 lebih rendah dari ke 3 perlakuan lainnya. Kata kunci: Maggots, black soldier fly, Hermentia illucens, limbah organik.

Lisozim adalah enzim hidrolase yang bisa diisolasi dari putih telur ayam. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengarakterisasi lisozim termodifikasi dari putih telur ayam lokal dengan SDS-PAGE dan mengukur aktivitas lisozimnya. Lisozim dari putih telur ayam Sentul yang terisolasi kemudian dimodifikasi dengan perlakuan panas. Lisozim dikarakterisasi dengan SDS-PAGE. Aktivitas lisozim diujikan terhadap Micrococcus lysodeikticus. Profil SDS-PAGE menunjukkan lisozim masih memunculkan sedikit ovotransferin dan ovalbumin sebelum dimodifikasi. Perlakuan suhu 60°C tidak mengubah profil SDS-PAGE dan hasilnya mirip seperti lisozim terisolasi awal tetapi perlakuan suhu 75°C menyebabkan ovotransferin menghilang. Setelah perlakuan suhu 90°C, selain ovotransverin menghilang, protein baru muncul yang diduga lisozim berbentuk dimer. Profil SDS-PAGE lisozim termodifikasi menjelaskan lisozim tetap mempertahankan aktivitasnya walaupun terjadi perubahan profil lisozim.

This research aims to predict the extent of the punishment disparity probability in the Qanun Jinayat's rape formula as a consequence of the breadth of the formula and to determine the construction of the definition and classification method of the classical Islamic jurisprudence’s az-zina bil-ikrah formula and the Qanun Jinayat’s rape formula as a consequence of radical differences between the two coercive sexual delicts that are formed based on Islamic law. This research is normative legal research by using statute and comparative approach. The research results showed that the Qanun Jinayat’s rape formula has the punishment disparity probability in the same delict, the disparity in delicts those have same seriousness gradation, the disparity of punishment imposed by one judges panel, the disparity of punishment imposed by different judges panel for the same delict and the disparity of punishment in different actions in one delict formula with different gradations of seriousness. The definition and classification of az-zina bil-ikrah are constructed through the bayani method, while the definition and classification of the rape are constructed through the istishlahi method.

Dedy Syahrizal, 1 Teuku Renaldi, 2 Sukma Wulan Dianti, 3 Noraliyatun Jannah, 4 R Rachmah, 4 Sarah Firdausa, 5 Azizah Vonna 6 1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia; 2Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia; 3Bachelor of Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia; 4Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia; 5Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia; 6Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Azizah Vonna Tel +62 821 63-44 3508Email azizahvonna@unsyiah.ac.idPurpose: Interprofessional education (IPE) is defined as a practice of collaboration between two or more students from different health profession programs in which the students study with and about, and learn from, each other. IPE is an educational method that trains students to perform in terms of good communication and teamwork which will be useful for the implementation of interprofessional collaboration (IPC) at health-care facilities. The aim of this study is to identify the perceptions of medicine and health profession students on IPE at Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in five health profession programs at Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia. Data were collected using a questionnaire which was then distributed to 286 students sampled with a stratified random sampling method. Analyses were conducted by using a univariate statistical analysis to observe students’ perceptions of IPE. Students were considered to have a positive perception if their total score was above the median score.Results: More than half of the students (51.4%) in this study had a positive perception toward IPE. However, upon exploration of students’ perceptions separately for each study program, only a minority of medical students responded with a positive perception toward IPE (37%). In contrast, the majority of students from dentistry, psychology, nursing, and pharmacy study programs showed a positive perception of IPE, with the pharmacy study program being the program with the highest proportion of students who showed a positive perception (62.5%, 53.5%, 56.4%, and 75%, respectively).Conclusion: The majority of medical students show a negative perception toward IPE in contrast to students from other health profession programs at Universitas Syiah Kuala. The pharmacy study program shows the highest proportion of students with a positive perception among all other students.Keywords: medical student, pharmacy student, health profession programs, student positive perception

KOPKAR PT. YKK AP INDONESIA adalah salah satu lembaga koperasi yang ada di Kabupaten Tangerang yang memiliki unit sewa menyewa, yang dimana unit sewa menyewa bekerja sama dengan PT.YKK AP INDONESIA untuk mendistribusikan produknya. Jalur distribusi yang dilakukan oleh koperasi ini masih belum efektif dan acak, tidak memperhatikan lokasi dan jarak yang dituju, yang mengakibatkan timbulnya biaya yang besar untuk alur distribusi ini. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang akan digunakan adalah saving matrix. Metode saving matrix adalah metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan rute distribusi produk ke wilayah pemasaran dengan cara menentukan rute distribusi yang harus dilalui dan jumlah kendaraan berdasarkan kapasitas dari kendaraan tersebut agar diperoleh rute terpendek dan biaya transportasi yang minimal. Dari pengolahan data dan pembahasan diperoleh hasil bahwa metode saving matrix mampu meminimalkan total jarak tempuh untuk distribusi produk dari 1.082,8 km menjadi 921,9 km. Penggunaan metode saving matrix juga dapat menghemat pengeluaran perusahaan sebesar Rp 71.151 /hari atau Rp 2.134.530 /bulan dalam menjalankan distribusi produknya.

This study measured the role of Field of Study Civics in improving the quality of education the students of class VIII SMP Negeri Torgambah, Kab. Labuhanbatu Selatan For learning CIVICS as well as the factors that support and hinder the process of learning the CIVICS in the classroom, this Type of research is qualitative research (qualitative research). Data collection was done by conducting observation, interview, questionnaire, documentation. Data analysis with triangulation and presented qualitatively and analyzed using qualitative analysis. This study aims to describe and analyze critically about the role of field of study CIVICS in improving the quality of the learning interest of the students of Class VIII Smp Negeri Torgambah, Kab. Labuhanbatu Selatan. The results of this study are: (1) the Role of the teacher as the teacher covers the manufacture of the RPP, the Syllabus has been good with orentasi enhance the role of interest in learning CIVICS interpretation of the questionnaire reached to 81.25%. The role of the teacher as the manager of the class, the teacher uses power point, the formation of a study group, (2) Obstacles in the learning of Citizenship Education is the condition of the students who is still unstable because of the age and origin of students who vary with the environmental conditions of different social

General Election is a means of popular sovereignty that is held directly, publicly, freely, secretly, honestly and fairly (overflowing and fair). Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections as a product of legal politics does not place candidates who will fight in the Election of President and Vice President in 2019 in a fair and equal position. Incumbents benefit more so that they create ambiguous interests. Thus, substantial justice as part of real democracy tends to be ignored for the sake of power. This paper uses a literature study approach. This interest bias can be avoided by placing regulations equally and fairly. There needs to be a revision of Law No.7 of 2017 so that the incumbent who will run again as a presidential candidate or vice president resigns from his position. This is to safeguard the principle of justice in the 2019 electoral process and to keep ambiguous interests from being used to gain power.

Indonesia termasuk negara terkonfirmasi tertinggi di ASEAN dan Kalimantan Selatan masih dalam kategori urutan ke 13 dalam kasus Covid-19. Tindakan mencegah penyebarannya salah satunya dengan meningkatkan sistem imun yaitu mengkonsumsi suplemen kesehatan ataupun obat herbal. Pengetahuan berpengaruh dalam membentuk perilaku seseorang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan terhadap perilaku penggunaan suplemen dan obat herbal dalam mencegah penyebaran Covid-19 di Banjarbaru Selatan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional, pengambilan data dengan teknik proportional random sampling dengan instrumen berupa google form dengan sampel 398 responden. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan chi square. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat tentang suplemen dan obat herbal di kecamatan Banjarbaru Selatan mayoritas berpengetahuan cukup sebesar 43,5 % dengan perilaku penggunaan suplemen dan obat herbal mayoritas kurang tepat sebesar 68,3 %. Hasil uji statistik chi square menunjukkan ada hubungan pengetahuan terhadap perilaku penggunaan suplemen dan obat herbal dengan nilai 0,000 (sig.

The community capacity building program in reducing disaster risk aims to realize the Bandung Rejo village as a disaster resilient village. Efforts made to achieve community capacity building include: (1) institutional aspects through the establishment of Disaster Risk Management forums (DRR) and Community Disaster Preparedness Teams (CDPT), (2) aspects of capacity building through dissemination and training in the preparation of disaster management plans and contingency plans , (3) aspects of the implementation of disaster management through a program to create a threat map and create disaster warning signs. The establishment of DRR and CDPT forums has a strategic role in minimizing disaster risk. The results achieved from the socialization and training were the availability of Bandung Rejo village disaster risk analysis document. The document can be a reference in making development policies in the village. Based on the results of the analysis conducted by the forum that Bandung Rejo village had a flood hazard level in the medium category. The results of identification and analysis obtained two flood-prone points that were able to reach agricultural land and facilities and infrastructure facilities. The implementation of community capacity building programs in Bandung Rejo village can provide stimulus to local governments and the public about the importance of disaster anticipation.

BUILDING RESILIENCE BASED COMMUNITIES IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN THE PILOMONU VILLAGE GORONTALO REGENCY. This article discusses the concept of community-based disaster risk reduction so that it can realize community resilience to disasters. The implementation of community-based disaster resilience programs uses participatory approaches, observation, interviews, socialization, training, and Forum Group Discussion (FGD). The establishment of the PRB and TSBM forums received a positive response from the community because Pilomonu Village was classified as a disaster-prone village, especially landslides and floods. Analysis of the resilience index conducted by the forum based on indicators and achievements found that Pilomonu Village is included in the category of 'village not yet strong' and the level of preparedness is low. Indicators of community disaster resilience that have been established and adjusted in the document can be the main focus of all parties related to disaster risk management. The PRB and TSBM forum are those who have overall access to improving disaster resilience because forum skills in involving stakeholders are a determinant of the success of disaster resilience to lower-level communities. Integration between the Pilomonu Village government program and disaster risk reduction forums can guarantee the sustainability of forum performance.

Information on household poverty level in Wonosari Sub-district area is still very difficult to access by all parties. Therefore, this study aims to analyze poverty level and map of the spatial distribution of webGIS-based poor households in the site area. In determining the number of samples, descriptive statistical analysis techniques focused on assessing and describing the poverty level of each household. GIS analysis used GIS Application 2.18 to map the spatial distribution of poor households and regional poverty levels. GIS Application has been equipped with 2 web tools that are able to display webGIS-based maps. The results shows that the poverty level of households is in the poor category with a percentage of 72% of households, 14% of households are in the extremely poor category and 14% are in the fairly poor category. and 1 village is in a fairly poor category. This is a village that was built with a view that can be accessed by various PCs, laptops and android media so that the maps information from an analysis of household poverty levels and the spatial distribution of poor households can be accessed on the webGIS that has been built.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic hyperglycemic condition which may affect all aspects of life of the sufferer, and it can be life threatening. This problem can be minimized by doing self-care. Self-care has an influence on glycemic control, prevention of complications due to uncontrolled blood glucose and improving the quality of life for people with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to determine the effect of self-care on fasting blood glucose of type 2 diabetics. This type of research was observational with cross-sectional design. The inclusion criteria for the study were patients with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus aged > 18-year-old, treatment at a health center >8 weeks, had records of the last blood glucose fasting ≤1 month before the interview, while the exclusion criteria were patients who refused to participate and patients who could not communicate. Self-care measurement uses the Diabetes Self-Care Management Question (DSMQ) instrument. The number of respondents from this study was 115 people where 79,1% of respondents had a good level of self-care and 47% of respondents with fasting glucose levels that had not been achieved. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test. From this study, it was found that self-care had an effect on fasting blood glucose (OR=3,349, P

Background: Anthropometric indicator such as Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC) and Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR) can be used to predict the risk of hypertension. This study aimsto compare anthropometry in predicting the risk of hypertension in employees in Cimahi City. Methods:The design study was cross-sectional with diagnostic test. This study used secondary data ofNon-Communicable Diseases (NCD) screening 827 employees with age ≥ 15 years. The ROC (receiver operating characteristic)curves were analyzed to identify the optimal cut-off points and to compare the capacity of anthropometric indexes for prediction hypertension by gender using Stata.13 software. Result: The hypertension cases in men 65.32% was higher than women 34.68%. TheArea under the Curve (AUC) of WC 0.70 (95%CI=0.66-0.74) was more than WHtR 0.66 (95%CI=0.62-0.70) and BMI 0.64 (95%CI=0.60-0.69). Based on gender, the highest AUC of men was WC 0.69 (95%CI=0.64-0.75) and the highest AUC of women was WC and WHtR 0.67 (95%CI=0.60-0.74). The optimal cut-off points in predicting hypertension were BMI 25.89 (Sn=67.05%, Sp=57.95%),WC 90 cm (Sn=76.30%,Sp=54.74%) and WHtR 0,56 (Sn=68.79%,Sp=59.02%). Conclusion:Based on the result, waist circumference can be used as an anthropometric index indicator better than WHtR and BMI in predicting hypertension risk in employees Cimahi City.

Bantan Air Village, which is part of Bantan District, Bengkalis Regency, has been established by two SMEs and is engaged in processing coconut shells into charcoal. Both of these MSMEs already have burning stoves but have the same problem, namely the smoke produced from burning coconut shells is released into the air without further treatment. The smoke that is discharged can of course disrupt the health of workers or the community around the place of business. Thus, it is necessary to apply more applicable science and technology to reduce smoke pollution and even convert the smoke waste into something that has a selling value. The proposer and the two partners have agreed to solve this problem, namely the manufacture of condensers to turn smoke into liquid, so that the aim of reducing pollution and increasing revenue can be achieved. This PKM activity begins with a preliminary survey to the location of partners and determines the solution to the problem, followed by the making of a condenser, provides training in how to operate equipment, care and guidance. The output target of this PKM has been achieved by producing a condenser to reduce smoke from the burning of coconut shells and produce products in the form of liquid smoke that is ready to sell. In addition, the community and MSME workers have also been given counseling and training in the use of condensers so that the knowledge and skills of workers can increase

Penyakit diare masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia, terutama di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Kebijakan Strategi Nasional STBM merupakan suatu strategi percepatan untuk mencapai target MDGs ke-7. STBM sebagai aksi terpadu untuk menurunkan angka kejadian diare dan meningkatkan higienitas dan kualitas kehidupan masyarakat yang optimal. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan desain Case-control Study dilakukan secara deskriptif analitik, dilakukan pada wilayah Puskesmas Darul Imarah dengan sampel yaitu balita sebanyak 66 orang dan terbagi dalam kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan observasi meliputi perilaku STBM dan kejadian diare. Analisis statisik yaitu chi-square dengan CI:95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan hubungan signifikan antara tindakan ibu tentang STBM dengan kejadian diare pada balita (p-value = 0,021), dimana balita yang mengalami diare sebesar 3,6 kali disebabkan oleh tindakan ibu yang kurang baik dibandingkan ibu yang mempunyai tindakan yang baik tentang STBM. Kesimpulan, bahwa kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Darul Imarah disebakan kurang baiknya tindakan tentang STBM. Saran, sosialisasi dan penyuluhan mengenai program STBM yang diadakan oleh instansi pemerintah dan menerapkannya. Kata kunci: Perilaku, STBM, diare Diarrheal disease is still a health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. The national strategy of community-based sanitation is an acceleration strategy to achieve the 7th MDG targets. It's an integrated action to reduce the incidence of diarrhea and improve hygiene and quality of community life is optimal. This quantitative research using Case-control Study design is done by analytical descriptive, conducted at Darul Imarah Puskesmas area with a sample of toddler counted 66 people and divided into case and control group. Data collection through interviews and observations included it behavior and diarrhea events. Static analysis is chi-square with CI: 95%. The result of the study showed a significant correlation between mother's action on community-based sanitation and diarrhea incidence in under-five children (p-value = 0,021), where children under five years experienced diarrhea 3.6 times due to poor mother's activity compared to mothers who had good actions about sanitation. The conclusion, that the incidence of diarrhea in under-five children in the work area of Puskesmas Darul Imarah caused less good action about STBM. Suggestion, socialization, and counseling about community-based sanitation program held by the government institution and apply it. Keywords: Behavior, community-based sanitation, diarrhea

The internet changes people’s consumption patterns and shopping behavior. Online shopping activities can be done without leaving the house and can be done at any time. Online purchases are increasing during the pandemic due to Covid-19. Organic food business players can use internet marketing activities to attract more consumers, and one way that can be used is a marketing mix. This study analyzes the effect of the marketing mix on consumer trust and satisfaction in purchasing organic food online to increase repurchase intention. The population in this research is organic food consumers. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling method that targets consumers who live in the Jabodetabek area through an online questionnaire survey. Respondents who meet the criteria are 200 consumers. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used in data processing and analysis. The results showed that the product and place had a significant effect on consumer satisfaction. Trust has a significant impact on satisfaction but had no significant effect on repurchase intention. Satisfaction had a significant effect on the repurchase intention of organic food. The suggestion for further research needs to analyze the types of organic rice, vegetables, and fruits purchased by consumers in more detail.

Population tends to expand agricultural land by opening up new agricultural land to improve agricultural output. This has an impact on environmental damage in Mootilango Village. Therefore, a community-based environmental conservation program is implemented, with details of the program including: (1) Counseling on environmental damage and mitigation of natural disasters; (2) training, practice and assistance of land conservation techniques; (3) Counseling of organic farming system; (4) The socialization of the application of local wisdom in the cultivation of plants; (5) training and assistance of agricultural waste processing; (6) counseling and facilitation of environmental hygiene. Community-based environmental conservation efforts in Mootilango Village can assist in the development of high cultural and economic value environments. These efforts are supported by landscapes owned by Mootilango Village which is very potential to be developed ecotourism. Ecotourism is one of the green economy's fastest growing components and focuses on environmental conservation.

Hygiene dan sanitasi makanan merupakan hal penting mengingat bahwa makanan yang disajikan kepada konsumen harus terjaga dan terjamin kualitasnya demi keamanan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hygiene sanitasi penjamah makanan terhadap kandungan E.coli pada peralatan makan di warung makan desa Batoh Kecamatan Lueng Bata Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian bersifat deskriftif yaitu untuk mengetahui hygiene sanitasi penjamah makanan terhadap kandungan E.coli pada peralatan makan di 4 warung makan desa Batoh Kecamatan Lueng Bata Banda Aceh. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 4 penjamah makanan dari 4 warung makan di desa Batoh Kecamatan Lueng Bata Banda Aceh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa personal hygiene penjamah warung makan Batoh termasuk kategori baik, terlihat dari hasil wawancara (100%) dan pengamatan (75%). Sanitasi tempat pengolahan makanan (75%) memenuhi syarat, dan sanitasi peralatan makanan (50%) memenuhi syarat, hasil pemeriksaan bakteri Escherichia coli didapatkan positif pada dua warung makan. Personal hygiene dan sanitasi tempat pengolahan makanan sudah memenuhi syarat, sedangkan sanitasi peralatan makan belum memenuhi syarat, dan adanya kandungan bakteri E.coli pada dua warung makan. Kata kunci: Escherichia coli, penjamah makanan, peralatan makan

Rumah adalah suatu naungan untuk manusia melepas lelah setelah melakukan berbagai aktivitas dan juga sebagai sarana interaksi antar sesama penghuni rumah atau bahkan dengan lingkungannya. Kelalaian pemilik rumah ketika meninggalkan rumah seringkali menjadi pemicu tindak kriminal, misalnya lupa mengunci pintu dan meninggalkan rumah dalam keadaan lampu yang tidak menyala. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, diperlukan suatu sistem pengontrolan jarak jauh yang terintegrasi dengan berbagai perangkat yang terdapat di dalam rumah. Pesan singkat (SMS) dapat menjadi solusi karena hampir setiap pemilik rumah memiliki ponsel yang mendukung layanan SMS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun suatu prototype sistem rumah pintar yang dikontrol oleh suatu mikrokontroler sebagai pusat kendali. Sistem dihubungkan dengan perangkat yang memodelkan lampu dan kunci pintu yaitu lampu dan Selenoid Lock. Mikrokontroler dihubungkan dengan GSM shield yang berfungsi sebagai perangkat untuk menerima dan mengirim SMS dari dan ke pemilik rumah. Pengujian dari jarak 5m terkirim ± 7 detik, pembalasan ± 6,56 detik, sedangkan pengujian dengan jarak 1km terkirim terkirim ± 6,02 detik, pembalasan ± 6,04 detik. dengan jarak yang berbeda-beda menghasilkan waktu yang berbeda juga dalam pengiriman SMS dan pembalasan SMS bisa cepat atau lambat tergantung dari jaringan handphone dan jaringan pada GSM. Kata kunci : rumah pintar, pesan singkat, SMS, Arduino Uno.