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1. Weight-Based Framework for Predictive Modeling of Multiple Databases With Noniterative Communication Without Data Sharing: Privacy-Protecting Analytic Method for Multi-Institutional Studies

Author

Park, Ji Ae, Sung, Min Dong, Kim, Ho Heon, and Park, Yu Rang

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

BackgroundSecuring the representativeness of study populations is crucial in biomedical research to ensure high generalizability. In this regard, using multi-institutional data have advantages in medicine. However, combining data physically is difficult as the confidential nature of biomedical data causes privacy issues. Therefore, a methodological approach is necessary when using multi-institution medical data for research to develop a model without sharing data between institutions. ObjectiveThis study aims to develop a weight-based integrated predictive model of multi-institutional data, which does not require iterative communication between institutions, to improve average predictive performance by increasing the generalizability of the model under privacy-preserving conditions without sharing patient-level data. MethodsThe weight-based integrated model generates a weight for each institutional model and builds an integrated model for multi-institutional data based on these weights. We performed 3 simulations to show the weight characteristics and to determine the number of repetitions of the weight required to obtain stable values. We also conducted an experiment using real multi-institutional data to verify the developed weight-based integrated model. We selected 10 hospitals (2845 intensive care unit [ICU] stays in total) from the electronic intensive care unit Collaborative Research Database to predict ICU mortality with 11 features. To evaluate the validity of our model, compared with a centralized model, which was developed by combining all the data of 10 hospitals, we used proportional overlap (ie, 0.5 or less indicates a significant difference at a level of .05; and 2 indicates 2 CIs overlapping completely). Standard and firth logistic regression models were applied for the 2 simulations and the experiment. ResultsThe results of these simulations indicate that the weight of each institution is determined by 2 factors (ie, the data size of each institution and how well each institutional model fits into the overall institutional data) and that repeatedly generating 200 weights is necessary per institution. In the experiment, the estimated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and 95% CIs were 81.36% (79.37%-83.36%) and 81.95% (80.03%-83.87%) in the centralized model and weight-based integrated model, respectively. The proportional overlap of the CIs for AUC in both the weight-based integrated model and the centralized model was approximately 1.70, and that of overlap of the 11 estimated odds ratios was over 1, except for 1 case. ConclusionsIn the experiment where real multi-institutional data were used, our model showed similar results to the centralized model without iterative communication between institutions. In addition, our weight-based integrated model provided a weighted average model by integrating 10 models overfitted or underfitted, compared with the centralized model. The proposed weight-based integrated model is expected to provide an efficient distributed research approach as it increases the generalizability of the model and does not require iterative communication.

Published
2021
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2. Transgelin 2 guards T cell lipid metabolism and antitumour function

Author

Hwang, Sung-Min, Awasthi, Deepika, Jeong, Jieun, Sandoval, Tito A., Chae, Chang-Suk, Ramos, Yusibeska, Tan, Chen, Marin Falco, Matías, Salvagno, Camilla, Emmanuelli, Alexander, McBain, Ian T., Mishra, Bikash, Ivashkiv, Lionel B., Zamarin, Dmitriy, Cantillo, Evelyn, Chapman-Davis, Eloise, Holcomb, Kevin, Morales, Diana K., Yu, Xiaoqing, Rodriguez, Paulo C., Conejo-Garcia, Jose R., Kaczocha, Martin, Vähärautio, Anna, Song, Minkyung, and Cubillos-Ruiz, Juan R.

Published
2024
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9. Ultrasensitive Textile Strain Sensors Redefine Wearable Silent Speech Interfaces with High Machine Learning Efficiency

Author

Tang, Chenyu, Xu, Muzi, Yi, Wentian, Zhang, Zibo, Occhipinti, Edoardo, Dong, Chaoqun, Ravenscroft, Dafydd, Jung, Sung-Min, Lee, Sanghyo, Gao, Shuo, Kim, Jong Min, and Occhipinti, Luigi G.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing, Computer Science - Sound, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

Our research presents a wearable Silent Speech Interface (SSI) technology that excels in device comfort, time-energy efficiency, and speech decoding accuracy for real-world use. We developed a biocompatible, durable textile choker with an embedded graphene-based strain sensor, capable of accurately detecting subtle throat movements. This sensor, surpassing other strain sensors in sensitivity by 420%, simplifies signal processing compared to traditional voice recognition methods. Our system uses a computationally efficient neural network, specifically a one-dimensional convolutional neural network with residual structures, to decode speech signals. This network is energy and time-efficient, reducing computational load by 90% while achieving 95.25% accuracy for a 20-word lexicon and swiftly adapting to new users and words with minimal samples. This innovation demonstrates a practical, sensitive, and precise wearable SSI suitable for daily communication applications., Comment: 5 figures in the article; 11 figures and 4 tables in supplementary information

Published
2023
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21. Multi-physics modeling of non-equilibrium phenomena in inductively coupled plasma discharges: Part II. Multi-temperature approach

Author

Kumar, Sanjeev, Munafo, Alessandro, Jo, Sung Min, and Panesi, Marco

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

This paper provides a comparison between the vibrational-specific state-to-state (StS) model for nitrogen plasma elaborated in Part I of this work and conventional two-temperature (2-T) models for simulating inductively coupled plasma (ICP) discharges under non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (NLTE) conditions. Simulations are performed within the multi-physics computational framework established for ICP in Part I. Based on the findings of Part I, the quasi-steady-state (QSS) assumption is validated in the plasma core, thereby enabling the calculation of global rate coefficients under this assumption. This facilitates the reduction of the StS model to a "consistent" macroscopic 2-T model. Results from the StS model for nitrogen ICP torch exhibit considerable discrepancies when compared against predictions from the widely utilized Park 2-T model. On the contrary, the comparison between the newly proposed 2-T model, consistently derived from the original vibronic StS model, and the full StS results demonstrate excellent agreement in terms of plasma core location, morphology, and peak temperature distributions. This demonstrates the ability of the proposed 2-T model to capture the energy transfer and reactive processes predicted by the comprehensive StS model. Additionally, the study identifies the vibrational-translational (VT) energy transfer term in the 2-T model as the predominant factor in dictating plasma core morphology. This suggests a strong sensitivity of the ICP flow field to heavy-impact vibrational excitations and dissociative events., Comment: 27 pages, 16 figures

Published
2023
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22. Pest Control and Safety Management Monitoring in Outdoor Plantation Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Captured Images

Author

Sung Min Han and Kyong-Hee Nam

Subjects
biodiversity conservation, confined field, living modified organism, safety management, unmanned aerial vehicle, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

The National Institute of Ecology in Seocheon, Chungcheongnam-do, exhibits and studies Korea’s diverse ecosystems to communicate the importance of biodiversity conservation to the general public. The site faces the challenge of preserving the natural environment while ensuring visitor convenience. This requires systematic data collection to quickly detect and respond to threats from pests and natural disasters. In this study, high-resolution orthoimages were acquired to monitor ecological changes using unmanned aerial vehicles. Images were captured through flights monthly from March to July 2024. Digital elevation models and orthoimages were generated to identify dead trees and assess areas of damage caused by heavy rainfall. The study covered an area of 998,655 m2, and the image resolution was 3.6 cm/pixel. The orthophotos were useful in identifying plant pest damage. They also helped evaluate damage caused by rain, showing that the total area of damage was 29,384 m2, mainly due to soil erosion. Furthermore, it is expected that the accumulation of such unmanned remote sensing image data can also be applied to the safety management of various natural conservation areas and public facilities.

Published
2024
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23. Rational strategy for power doubling of monolithic multijunction III-V photovoltaics by accommodating attachable scattering waveguides

Author

Shin Hyung Lee, Hyo Jin Kim, Jae-Hyun Kim, Gwang Yeol Park, Sun-Kyung Kim, and Sung-Min Lee

Subjects
Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820, Optics. Light, QC350-467
Abstract

Abstract While waveguide-based light concentrators offer significant advantages, their application has not been considered an interesting option for assisting multijunction or other two-terminal tandem solar cells. In this study, we present a simple yet effective approach to enhancing the output power of transfer-printed multijunction InGaP/GaAs solar cells. By utilizing a simply combinable waveguide concentrator featuring a coplanar waveguide with BaSO4 Mie scattering elements, we enable the simultaneous absorption of directly illuminated solar flux and indirectly waveguided flux. The deployment of cells is optimized for front-surface photon collection in monofacial cells. Through systematic comparisons across various waveguide parameters, supported by both experimental and theoretical quantifications, we demonstrate a remarkable improvement in the maximum output power of a 26%-efficient cell, achieving an enhancement of ~93% with the integration of the optimal scattering waveguide. Additionally, a series of supplementary tests are conducted to explore the effective waveguide size, validate enhancements in arrayed cell module performance, and assess the drawbacks associated with rear illumination. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of our proposed approach towards advancing multi-junction photovoltaics.

Published
2024
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24. Akkermansia muciniphila improve cognitive dysfunction by regulating BDNF and serotonin pathway in gut-liver-brain axis

Author

Eun Ji Kang, Min-Gi Cha, Goo-Hyun Kwon, Sang Hak Han, Sang Jun Yoon, Sang Kyu Lee, Moo Eob Ahn, Sung-Min Won, Eun Hee Ahn, and Ki Tae Suk

Subjects
Akkermansia muciniphila, BDNF, Serotonin, Gut-organ axis, Liver injury, Cognitive impairment, Microbial ecology, QR100-130
Abstract

Abstract Backrground Akkermansia muciniphila, a next-generation probiotic, is known as a cornerstone regulating the gut-organ axis in various diseases, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we revealed the neuronal and antifibrotic effects of A. muciniphila on the gut-liver-brain axis in liver injury. Results To investigate neurologic dysfunction and characteristic gut microbiotas, we performed a cirrhosis cohort (154 patients with or without hepatic encephalopathy) and a community cognition cohort (80 participants in one region for three years) and validated the existence of cognitive impairment in a 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine-induced hepatic injury mouse model. The effects of the candidate strain on cognition were evaluated in animal models of liver injury. The expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and serotonin receptors was accessed in patients with fibrosis (100 patients) according to the fibrosis grade and hepatic venous pressure gradient. The proportion of A. muciniphila decreased in populations with hepatic encephalopathy and cognitive dysfunction. Tissue staining techniques confirmed gut-liver-brain damage in liver injury, with drastic expression of BDNF and serotonin in the gut and brain. The administration of A. muciniphila significantly reduced tissue damage and improved cognitive dysfunction and the expression of BDNF and serotonin. Isolated vagus nerve staining showed a recovery of serotonin expression without affecting the dopamine pathway. Conversely, in liver tissue, the inhibition of injury through the suppression of serotonin receptor (5-hydroxytryptamine 2A and 2B) expression was confirmed. The severity of liver injury was correlated with the abundance of serotonin, BDNF, and A. muciniphila. Conclusions A. muciniphila, a next-generation probiotic, is a therapeutic candidate for alleviating the symptoms of liver fibrosis and cognitive impairment. Graphical Abstract

Published
2024
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25. Longitudinal dynamics of circulating tumor DNA for treatment monitoring in patients with breast cancer recurrence

Author

Tae-Kyung Robyn Yoo, Ji-Young Lee, Hwan Park, Whi-Kyung Cho, Seyeon Jeon, Ha Ra Jun, Sae Byul Lee, Il Yong Chung, Hee Jeong Kim, Beom Seok Ko, Jong Won Lee, Byung Ho Son, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Jae Ho Jeong, Jeong Eun Kim, Jin-Hee Ahn, Kyung Hae Jung, Sung-Bae Kim, Hee Jin Lee, Gyungyub Gong, Jisun Kim, and Sung-Min Chun

Subjects
Breast cancer, Recurrence, Circulating tumor DNA, Tumor-informed, Ultrahigh-sensitive assay, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract The prevalence and dynamics of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with breast cancer recurrence or de novo metastatic cancer were examined in a retrospective analysis of a prospective observational cohort. Twenty-three recurrent/metastatic breast cancer cases (8 locoregional, 15 distant metastasis) were enrolled, and sequential plasma samples were obtained. Anchor mutations were selected from the target sequencing of each patient’s primary and/or metastatic tumor. An in-house developed assay (UHS assay) was employed for a tumor-informed ctDNA assay during treatment and follow-up. A median of three (range 1–5) anchor mutations per case were applied for ctDNA detection. ctDNA was detected in 14 (63.6%, 14/22) cases at the time of enrollment and 18 (78.5%, 18/23) cases during follow-up. More anchor mutations and higher tumor burden were significantly related to higher ctDNA positive rates (p-value 0.036, 0.043, respectively). The mean enriched variant allele frequency (eVAF) at each time point was significantly higher for stable or progressive disease responses (ANOVA test p-value

Published
2024
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27. Association of changes in predicted body composition with subsequent risk of dementia

Author

Sung Min Kim, Seulggie Choi, Gyeongsil Lee, Yun Hwan Oh, Joung Sik Son, Ahryoung Ko, Ji Soo Kim, Yoosun Cho, NaNa Keum, and Sang Min Park

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Abstract Objective The effect of body composition change on the risk of dementia is not clear. This study analyzed the associations of changes in predicted lean body mass index (pLBMI), predicted appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (pASMI), and predicted body fat mass index (pBFMI) with the risk of dementia. Methods In this nationwide cohort study, data were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The exposure was defined as changes in pLBMI, pASMI, and pBFMI derived from validated prediction equations. The outcome was dementia, defined based on the dementia diagnosis with prescription of anti‐dementia medication. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to obtain the hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval for risk of dementia according to changes in predicted body composition. Results A total of 13,215,208 individuals with no prior record of dementia who underwent health screenings twice between 2009–2010 and 2011–2012 were included. A 1‐kg/m2 increase in pLBMI and pASMI had an association with reduced risk of dementia (aHR: 0.85, 95% CI 0.84–0.87; aHR: 0.70, 95% CI 0.69–0.72, respectively for men, and aHR: 0.69, 95% CI 0.67–0.71; aHR: 0.59, 95% CI 0.57–0.61, respectively for women). A 1‐kg/m2 increase in pBFMI had an association with a raised risk of dementia (aHR: 1.19, 95% CI 1.17–1.21 for men and aHR: 1.53, 95% CI 1.48–1.57 for women). These results remained consistent regardless of sex or weight change. Interpretation Increase in pLBMI or pASMI, or reduction in pBFMI was linked to lower risk of dementia.

Published
2024
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28. Acute brain injury risk prediction models in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients with tree-based machine learning: An Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry analysisCentral MessagePerspective

Author

Andrew Kalra, BS, Preetham Bachina, BS, Benjamin L. Shou, BS, Jaeho Hwang, MD, MPH, Meylakh Barshay, BS, Shreyas Kulkarni, BS, Isaac Sears, BS, Carsten Eickhoff, PhD, Christian A. Bermudez, MD, Daniel Brodie, MD, Corey E. Ventetuolo, MD, MS, Bo Soo Kim, MD, Glenn J.R. Whitman, MD, Adeel Abbasi, MD, ScM, Sung-Min Cho, DO, MHS, Bo Soo Kim, David Hager, Steven P. Keller, Errol L. Bush, R. Scott Stephens, Shivalika Khanduja, Jin Kook Kang, Ifeanyi David Chinedozi, Zachary Darby, Hannah J. Rando, Trish Brown, Jiah Kim, Christopher Wilcox, Albert Leng, Andrew Geeza, Armaan F. Akbar, Chengyuan Alex Feng, David Zhao, Marc Sussman, Pedro Alejandro Mendez-Tellez, Philip Sun, Karlo Capili, Ramon Riojas, Diane Alejo, Scott Stephen, and Harry Flaster

Subjects
acute brain injury, Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, machine learning, neurological complications, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Objective: We aimed to determine if machine learning can predict acute brain injury and to identify modifiable risk factors for acute brain injury in patients receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Methods: We included adults (age ≥18 years) receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry (2009-2021). Our primary outcome was acute brain injury: central nervous system ischemia, intracranial hemorrhage, brain death, and seizures. We used Random Forest, CatBoost, LightGBM, and XGBoost machine learning algorithms (10-fold leave-1-out cross-validation) to predict and identify features most important for acute brain injury. We extracted 65 total features: demographics, pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation/on-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation laboratory values, and pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation/on-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation settings. Results: Of 35,855 patients receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (nonextracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation) (median age of 57.8 years, 66% were male), 7.7% (n = 2769) experienced acute brain injury. In venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (nonextracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation), the area under the receiver operator characteristic curves to predict acute brain injury, central nervous system ischemia, and intracranial hemorrhage were 0.67, 0.67, and 0.62, respectively. The true-positive, true-negative, false-positive, false-negative, positive, and negative predictive values were 33%, 88%, 12%, 67%, 18%, and 94%, respectively, for acute brain injury. Longer extracorporeal membrane oxygenation duration, higher 24-hour extracorporeal membrane oxygenation pump flow, and higher on-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation partial pressure of oxygen were associated with acute brain injury. Of 10,775 patients receiving extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (median age of 57.1 years, 68% were male), 16.5% (n = 1787) experienced acute brain injury. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curves for acute brain injury, central nervous system ischemia, and intracranial hemorrhage were 0.72, 0.73, and 0.69, respectively. Longer extracorporeal membrane oxygenation duration, older age, and higher 24-hour extracorporeal membrane oxygenation pump flow were associated with acute brain injury. Conclusions: In the largest study predicting neurological complications with machine learning in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, longer extracorporeal membrane oxygenation duration and higher 24-hour pump flow were associated with acute brain injury in nonextracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Published
2024
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29. Impact of Hemoglobin Levels on Composite Cardiac Arrest or Stroke Outcome in Patients With Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19

Author

Shi Nan Feng, BSPH, Thu-Lan Kelly, PhD, John F. Fraser, MD, PhD, Gianluigi Li Bassi, MD, PhD, Jacky Suen, PhD, Akram Zaaqoq, MD, MPH, Matthew J. Griffee, MD, Rakesh C. Arora, MD, Nicole White, PhD, Glenn Whitman, MD, Chiara Robba, MD, PhD, Denise Battaglini, MD, PhD, Sung-Min Cho, DO, MHS, on behalf of COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium (CCCC), Robert Bartlett, John F. Fraser, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Jacky Y. Suen, Heidi J. Dalton, John Laffey, Daniel Brodie, Eddy Fan, Antoni Torres, Davide Chiumello, Alyaa Elhazm, Carol Hodgson, Shingo Ichiba, Carlos Luna, Srinivas Murthy, Alistair Nichol, Pauline Yeung Ng, Mark Ogino, Aidan Burrell, Antonio Pesenti, Tala Al-Dabbous, Huda Alfoudri, Mohammed Shamsah, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Ashley Berg, Christina Horn, Yunis Mayasi, Stephan Schroll, Dan Meyer, Jorge Velazco, Ludmyla Ploskanych, Wanda Fikes, Rohini Bagewadi, Marvin Dao, Haley White, Alondra Berrios Laviena, Ashley Ehlers Maysoon, Shalabi-McGuire, Trent Witt, Lorenzo Grazioli, Luca Lorini, E. Wilson Grandin, Jose Nunez, Tiago Reyes, Diarmuid O’Briain, Stephanie Hunter, Mahesh Ramanan, Julia Affleck, Hemanth Hurkadli Veerendra, Sumeet Rai, Josie Russell-Brown, Mary Nourse, Mark Joseph, Brook Mitchell, Martha Tenzer, Ryuzo Abe, Hwa Jin Cho, In Seok Jeong, Nadeem Rahman, Vivek Kakar, Andres Oswaldo Razo Vazquez, Nicolas Brozzi, Omar Mehkri, Sudhir Krishnan Abhijit, Duggal Stuart Houltham, Jerónimo Graf, Roderigo Diaz, Roderigo Orrego, Camila Delgado, Joyce González, Maria Soledad Sanchez, Michael Piagnerelli, Josefa Valenzuela Sarrazin, A/Prof. Gustavo Zabert, Lucio Espinosa, Paulo Delgado, Victoria Delgado, Diego Fernando, Bautista Rincón, Angela Maria Marulanda Yanten, Melissa Bustamante Duque, Alyaa Elhazmi, Abdullah Al-Hudaib, Maria Callahan, M. Azhari Taufik, Elizabeth Yasmin Wardoyo, Margaretha Gunawan, Nurindah S Trisnaningrum, Vera Irawany, Muhammad Rayhan, Mauro Panigada, Alberto Zanella, Giacomo Grasselli, Sebastiano Colombo, Chiara Martinet, Gaetano Florio, Massimo Antonelli, Simone Carelli, Domenico L. Grieco, Motohiro Asaki, Kota Hoshino, Leonardo Salazar, Mary Alejandra Mendoza Monsalve, Bairbre McNicholas, David Cosgrave, Joseph McCaffrey, Allison Bone, Yusuff Hakeem, James Winearls, Mandy Tallott, David Thomson, Christel Arnold-Day, Jerome Cupido, Zainap Fanie, Malcom Miller, Lisa Seymore, Dawid van Straaten, Ali Ait Hssain, Jeffrey Aliudin, Al-Reem Alqahtani, Khoulod Mohamed, Ahmed Mohamed, Darwin Tan, Joy Villanueva, Ahmed Zaqout, Ethan Kurtzman, Arben Ademi, Ana Dobrita, Khadija El Aoudi, Juliet Segura, Gezy Giwangkancana, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Javier Osatnik, Anne Joosten, Minlan Yang, Ana Motos, Francisco Arancibia, Virginie Williams, Alexandre Noel, Nestor Luque, Marina Fantini, Ruth Noemi Jorge García, Enrique Chicote Alvarez, Anna Greti, Adrian Ceccato, Angel Sanchez, Ana Loza Vazquez, Ferran Roche-Campo, Diego Franch-Llasat, Divina Tuazon, Marcelo Amato, Luciana Cassimiro, Flavio Pola, Francis Ribeiro, Guilherme Fonseca, Heidi Dalton, Mehul Desai, Erik Osborn Hala Deeb, Antonio Arcadipane, Gennaro Martucci, Giovanna Panarello, Chiara Vitiello, Claudia Bianco, Giovanna Occhipinti, Matteo Rossetti, Raffaele Cuffaro, Sung-Min Cho, Glenn Whitman, Hiroaki Shimizu, Naoki Moriyama, Jae-Burm Kim, Nobuya Kitamura, Johannes Gebauer, Toshiki Yokoyama, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Sarah Buabbas, Esam Alamad, Fatma Alawadhi, Kalthoum Alawadi, Hiro Tanaka, Satoru Hashimoto, Masaki Yamazaki, Tak-Hyuck Oh, Mark Epler, Cathleen Forney, Louise Kruse, Jared Feister, Joelle Williamson, Katherine Grobengieser, Eric Gnall, Sasha Golden, Mara Caroline, Timothy Shapiro, Colleen Karaj, Lisa Thome, Lynn Sher, Mark Vanderland, Mary Welch, Sherry McDermott, Matthew Brain, Sarah Mineall, Dai Kimura, Luca Brazzi, Gabriele Sales, Giorgia Montrucchio, Tawnya Ogston, Dave Nagpal, Karlee Fischer, Roberto Lorusso, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Sujin Rai, Argin Appu, Mariano Esperatti, Nora Angélica Fuentes, Maria Eugenia Gonzalez, Edmund G. Carton, Ayan Sen, Amanda Palacios, Deborah Rainey, Gordan Samoukoviv, Josie Campisi, Lucia Durham, Emily Neumann, Cassandra Seefeldt, Octavio Falcucci, Amanda Emmrich, Jennifer Guy, Carling Johns, Kelly Potzner, Catherine Zimmermann, Angelia Espinal, Nina Buchtele, Michael Schwameis, Andrea Korhnfehl, Roman Brock, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne, Stecher Michaela Barnikel, Sófia Antón, Alexandra Pawlikowski, Akram Zaaqoq, Lan Anh Galloway, Caitlin Merley, Marc Csete, Luisa Quesada, Isabela Saba, Daisuke Kasugai, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Taku Tanaka, Eva Marwali, Yoel Purnama, Santi Rahayu Dewayanti, Ardiyan, Dafsah Arifa Juzar, Debby Siagian, Yih-Sharng Chen, Indrek Ratsep, Andra-Maris Post, Piret Sillaots, Anneli Krund, Merili-Helen Lehiste, Tanel Lepik, Frank Manetta, Effe Mihelis, Iam Claire Sarmiento, Mangala Narasimhan, Michael Varrone, Mamoru Komats, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Catherine Harmon, S. Veena Satyapriya, Amar Bhatt, Nahush A. Mokadam, Alberto Uribe, Alicia Gonzalez, Haixia Shi, Johnny McKeown, Joshua Pasek, Juan Fiorda, Marco Echeverria, Rita Moreno, Bishoy Zakhary, Marco Cavana, Alberto Cucino, Giuseppe Foti, Marco Giani, Benedetta Fumagalli, Valentina Castagna, Andrea Dell’Amore, Paolo Navalesi, Hoi-Ping Shum, Alain Vuysteke, Asad Usman, Andrew Acker, Benjamin Smood, Blake Mergler, Federico Sertic, Madhu Subramanian, Alexandra Sperry, Nicolas Rizer, Erlina Burhan, Menaldi Rasmin, Ernita Akmal, Faya Sitompul, Navy Lolong, Bhat Naivedh, Simon Erickson, Peter Barrett, David Dean, Julia Daugherty, Antonio Loforte, Irfan Khan, Mohammed Abraar Quraishi, Olivia DeSantis, Dominic So, Darshana Kandamby, Jose M. Mandei, Hans Natanael, Eka YudhaLantang, Anastasia Lantang, Surya Oto Wijaya, Anna Jung, George Ng, Wing Yiu Ng, Shu Fang, Alexis Tabah, Megan Ratcliffe, Maree Duroux, Shingo Adachi, Shota Nakao, Pablo Blanco, Ana Prieto, Jesús Sánchez, Meghan Nicholson, Warwick Butt, Alyssa Serratore, Carmel Delzoppo, Pierre Janin, Elizabeth Yarad, Richard Totaro, Jennifer Coles, Bambang Pujo, Robert Balk, Andy Vissing, Esha Kapania, James Hays, Samuel Fox, Garrett Yantosh, Pavel Mishin, Saptadi Yuliarto, Kohar Hari Santoso, Susanthy Djajalaksana, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Masahiro Fukuda, Keibun Liu, Paolo Pelosi, Denise Battaglini, Juan Fernando Masa Jiménez, Diego Bastos, Sérgio Gaião, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Young-Jae Cho, Su Hwan Lee, Tatsuya Kawasaki, Laveena Munshi, Pranya Sakiyalak, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Tamara Seitz, Rakesh Arora, David Kent, Daniel Marino, Swapnil Parwar, Andrew Cheng, Jennene Miller, Shigeki Fujitani, Naoki Shimizu, Jai Madhok, Clark Owyang, Hergen Buscher, Claire Reynolds, Olavi Maasikas, Aleksan Beljantsev, Vladislav Mihnovits, Takako Akimoto, Mariko Aizawa, Kanako Horibe, Ryota Onodera, Meredith Young, Timothy George, Kiran Shekar, Niki McGuinness, Lacey Irvine, Brigid Flynn, Tomoyuki Endo, Kazuhiro Sugiyama, Keiki Shimizu, Kathleen Exconde, Leslie Lussier, Gösta Lotz, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Lars Maier, Esther Dreier, Neurinda Permata Kusumastuti, Colin McCloskey, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Tarek B Elshazly, Josiah Smith, Konstanty S. Szuldrzynski, Piotr Bielański, Keith Wille, Ken Kuljit, S. Parhar, Kirsten M. Fiest, Cassidy Codan, Anmol Shahid, Mohamed Fayed, Timothy Evans, Rebekah Garcia, Ashley Gutierrez, Tae Song, Rebecca Rose, Suzanne Bennett, Denise Richardson, Giles Peek, Lovkesh Arora, Kristina Rappapport, Kristina Rudolph, Zita Sibenaller, Lori Stout, Alicia Walter, Daniel Herr, Nazli Vedadi, Shaun Thompson, Julie Hoffman, Xiaonan Ying, Ryan Kennedy, Muhammed Elhadi, Matthew Griffee, Anna Ciullo, Yuri Kida, Ricard Ferrer Roca, JordI Riera, Sofia Contreras, Cynthia Alegre, Christy Kay, Irene Fischer, Elizabeth Renner, Hayato Taniguci, John Fraser, Jacky Suen, Adrian Barnett, Nicole White, Kristen Gibbons, Simon Forsyth, Amanda Corley, India Pearse, Samuel Hinton, Gabriella Abbate, Halah Hassan, Silver Heinsar, Varun A Karnik, Katrina Ki, Hollier F. O’Neill, Nchafatso Obonyo, Leticia Pretti Pimenta, Janice D. Reid, Kei Sato, Aapeli Vuorinen, Karin S. Wildi, Emily S. Wilson, Stephanie Yerkovich, James Lee, Daniel Plotkin, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Laura Merson, Emma Hartley, Bastian Lubis, Takanari Ikeyama, Balu Bhaskar, Jae-Seung Jung, Shay McGuinness, Glenn Eastwood, Sandra Rossi Marta, Fabio Guarracino, Stacy Gerle, Emily Coxon, Bruno Claro, Daniel Loverde, Namrata Patil, Vieri Parrini, Angela McBride, Kathryn Negaard, Angela Ratsch, Ahmad Abdelaziz, Juan David Uribe, Adriano Peris, Mark Sanders, Dominic Emerson, Muhammad Kamal, Pedro Povoa, Roland Francis, Ali Cherif, Sunimol Joseph, Matteo Di Nardo, Micheal Heard, Kimberly Kyle, Ray A Blackwell, Patrick Biston, Hye Won Jeong, Reanna Smith, Yogi Prawira, Arturo Huerta Garcia, Nahikari Salterain, Bart Meyns, Marsha Moreno, Rajat Walia, Amit Mehta, Annette Schweda, Moh Supriatna, Cenk Kirakli, Melissa Williams, Kyung Hoon Kim, Alexandra Assad, Estefania Giraldo, Wojtek Karolak, Martin Balik, Elizabeth Pocock, Evan Gajkowski, Kanamoto Masafumi, Nicholas Barrett, Yoshihiro Takeyama, Sunghoon Park, Faizan Amin, Fina Meilyana Andriyani, Serhii Sudakevych, Magdalena Vera, Rodrigo Cornejo, Patrícia Schwarz, Ana Carolina Mardini, Thais de Paula, Ary Serpa Neto, Andrea Villoldo, Alexandre Siciliano Colafranceschi, Alejandro Ubeda Iglesias, Juan Granjean, Lívia Maria Garcia Melro, Giovana Fioravante Romualdo, Diego Gaia, Helmgton Souza, Filomena Galas, Rafael Máñez Mendiluce, Alejandra Sosa, Ignacio Martinez, Hiroshi Kurosawa, Juan Salgado, Beate Hugi-Mayr, Eric Charbonneau, Vitor Salvatore Barzilai, Veronica Monteiro, Rodrigo Ribeiro de Souza, Michael Harper, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Celina Adams, Jorge Brieva, George Nyale, Faisal Saleem Eltatar, Jihan Fatani, Husam Baeissa, Ayman AL Masri, Ahmed Rabie, Mok Yee Hui, Masahiro Yamane, Hanna Jung, Ayorinde Mojisola Margaret, Newell Nacpil, Katja Ruck, Rhonda Bakken, Claire Jara, Tim Felton, Lorenzo Berra, Bobby Shah, Arpan Chakraborty, Monika Cardona, Gerry Capatos, Bindu Akkanti, Abiodun Orija, Harsh Jain, Asami Ito, Brahim Housni, Sennen Low, Koji Iihara, Joselito Chavez, Kollengode Ramanathan, Gustavo Zabert, Krubin Naidoo, Ian Seppelt, Marlice VanDyk, Sarah MacDonald, Randy McGregor, Teka Siebenaler, Hannah Flynn, Kristi Lofton, Toshiyuki Aokage, Kazuaki Shigemitsu, Andrea Moscatelli, Giuseppe Fiorentino, Matthias Baumgaertel, Serge Eddy Mba, Jana Assy, Amelya Hutahaean, Holly Roush, Kay A Sichting, Francesco Alessandri, Debra Burns, Gavin Salt, Carl P. Garabedian, Jonathan Millar, Malcolm Sim, Adrian Mattke, Danny McAuley, Jawad Tadili, Tim Frenzel, Yaron Bar-Lavie, Aaron Blandino Ortiz, Jackie Stone, Antony Attokaran, Michael Farquharson, Brij Patel, Derek Gunning, Kenneth Baillie, Pia Watson, Kenji Tamai, Gede Ketut Sajinadiyasa, Dyah Kanyawati, Marcello Salgado, Assad Sassine, Bhirowo Yudo, Scott McCaul, Bongjin Lee, Sang Min Lee, Arnon Afek, Yoshiaki Iwashita, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Jack Metiva, Nicole Van Belle, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Lenny Ivatt, Chia Yew Woon, Hyun Mi Kang, Timothy Smith, Erskine James, Nawar Al-Rawas, Yudai Iwasaki, Kenny Chan King-Chung, Vadim Gudzenko, Fabio Taccone, Fajar Perdhana, Yoan Lamarche, Joao Miguel Ribeiro, Nikola Bradic, Klaartje Van den Bossche, Oude Lansink, Gurmeet Singh, Gerdy Debeuckelaere, Henry T. Stelfox, Cassia Yi, Jennifer Elia, Thomas Tribble, Shyam Shankar, Raj Padmanabhan, Bill Hallinan, Luca Paoletti, Yolanda Leyva, Tatuma Fykuda, Jenelle Badulak, Jillian Koch, Amy Hackman, Lisa Janowaik, Deb Hernandez, Jennifer Osofsky, Katia Donadello, Aizah Lawang, Josh Fine, and Benjamin Davidson

Subjects
Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

OBJECTIVES:. Anemia has been associated with an increased risk of both cardiac arrest and stroke, frequent complications of COVID-19. The effect of hemoglobin level at ICU admission on a composite outcome of cardiac arrest or stroke in an international cohort of COVID-19 patients was investigated. DESIGN:. Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected database. SETTING:. A registry of COVID-19 patients admitted to ICUs at over 370 international sites was reviewed for patients diagnosed with cardiac arrest or stroke up to 30 days after ICU admission. Anemia was defined as: normal (hemoglobin ≥ 12.0 g/dL for women, ≥ 13.5 g/dL for men), mild (hemoglobin 10.0–11.9 g/dL for women, 10.0–13.4 g/dL for men), moderate (hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 and < 10.0 g/dL for women and men), and severe (hemoglobin < 8.0 g/dL for women and men). PATIENTS:. Patients older than 18 years with acute COVID-19 infection in the ICU. INTERVENTIONS:. None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:. Of 6926 patients (median age = 59 yr, male = 65%), 760 patients (11.0%) experienced stroke (2.0%) and/or cardiac arrest (9.4%). Cardiac arrest or stroke was more common in patients with low hemoglobin, occurring in 12.8% of patients with normal hemoglobin, 13.3% of patients with mild anemia, and 16.7% of patients with moderate/severe anemia. Time to stroke or cardiac arrest by anemia status was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression with death as a competing risk. Covariates selected through clinical knowledge were age, sex, comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and cardiac or neurologic conditions), pandemic era, country income, mechanical ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Moderate/severe anemia was associated with a higher risk of cardiac arrest or stroke (hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.05–1.67). CONCLUSIONS:. In an international registry of ICU patients with COVID-19, moderate/severe anemia was associated with increased hazard of cardiac arrest or stroke.

Published
2024
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31. A consortium of Hordeum vulgare and gut microbiota against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via data-driven analysis

Author

Su-Been Lee, Haripriya Gupta, Byeong-Hyun Min, Raja Ganesan, Satya Priya Sharma, Sung-Min Won, Jin-Ju Jeong, Min-Gi Cha, Goo-Hyun Kwon, Min-Kyo Jeong, Ji-Ye Hyun, Jung-A Eom, Hee-Jin Park, Sang-Jun Yoon, Sang Youn Lee, Mi-Ran Choi, Dong Joon Kim, Ki-Kwang Oh, and Ki-Tae Suk

Subjects
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, secondary metabolites, gut microbiota, Hordeum vulgare, network pharmacology, apelin signalling pathway, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

Despite many recent studies on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) therapeutics, the optimal treatment has yet to be determined. In this unfinished project, we combined secondary metabolites (SMs) from the gut microbiota (GM) and Hordeum vulgare (HV) to investigate their combinatorial effects via network pharmacology (NP). Additionally, we analyzed GM or barley – signalling pathways – targets – metabolites (GBSTMs) in combinatorial perspectives (HV, and GM). A total of 31 key targets were analysed via a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and JUN was identified as the uppermost target in NAFLD. On a bubble plot, we revealed that apelin signalling pathway, which had the lowest enrichment factor antagonize NAFLD. Holistically, we scrutinized GBSTM to identify key components (GM, signalling pathways, targets, and metabolites) associated with the Apelin signalling pathway. Consequently, we found that the primary GMs (Eubacterium limosum, Eggerthella sp. SDG-2, Alistipes indistinctus YIT 12060, Odoribacter laneus YIT 12061, Paraprevotella clara YIT 11840, Paraprevotella xylaniphila YIT 11841) to ameliorate NAFLD. The molecular docking test (MDT) suggested that tryptanthrin-JUN is an agonist, conversely, dihydroglycitein-HDAC5, 1,3-diphenylpropan-2-ol-NOS1, and (10[(Acetyloxy)methyl]-9-anthryl)methyl acetate-NOS2, which are antagonistic conformers in the apelin signalling pathway. Overall, these results suggest that combination therapy could be an effective strategy for treating NAFLD.

Published
2024
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35. Longitudinal dynamics of circulating tumor DNA for treatment monitoring in patients with breast cancer recurrence

Author

Yoo, Tae-Kyung Robyn, Lee, Ji-Young, Park, Hwan, Cho, Whi-Kyung, Jeon, Seyeon, Jun, Ha Ra, Lee, Sae Byul, Chung, Il Yong, Kim, Hee Jeong, Ko, Beom Seok, Lee, Jong Won, Son, Byung Ho, Ahn, Sei-Hyun, Jeong, Jae Ho, Kim, Jeong Eun, Ahn, Jin-Hee, Jung, Kyung Hae, Kim, Sung-Bae, Lee, Hee Jin, Gong, Gyungyub, Kim, Jisun, and Chun, Sung-Min

Published
2024
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36. Influence of Cooling duration on Efficacy in Cardiac Arrest Patients (ICECAP): study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, adaptive allocation clinical trial to identify the optimal duration of induced hypothermia for neuroprotection in comatose, adult survivors of after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Author

Meurer, William J., Schmitzberger, Florian F., Yeatts, Sharon, Ramakrishnan, Viswanathan, Abella, Benjamin, Aufderheide, Tom, Barsan, William, Benoit, Justin, Berry, Scott, Black, Joy, Bozeman, Nia, Broglio, Kristine, Brown, Jeremy, Brown, Kimberly, Carlozzi, Noelle, Caveney, Angela, Cho, Sung-Min, Chung-Esaki, Hangyul, Clevenger, Robert, Conwit, Robin, Cooper, Richelle, Crudo, Valentina, Daya, Mohamud, Harney, Deneil, Hsu, Cindy, Johnson, Nicholas J., Khan, Imad, Khosla, Shaveta, Kline, Peyton, Kratz, Anna, Kudenchuk, Peter, Lewis, Roger J., Madiyal, Chaitra, Meyer, Sara, Mosier, Jarrod, Mouammar, Marwan, Neth, Matthew, O’Neil, Brian, Paxton, James, Perez, Sofia, Perman, Sarah, Sozener, Cemal, Speers, Mickie, Spiteri, Aimee, Stevenson, Valerie, Sunthankar, Kavita, Tonna, Joseph, Youngquist, Scott, Geocadin, Romergryko, and Silbergleit, Robert

Published
2024
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39. [18F]F-AraG imaging reveals association between neuroinflammation and brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue

Author

Levi, Jelena, Guglielmetti, Caroline, Henrich, Timothy J., Yoon, John C., Gokhale, Prafulla C., Reardon, David A., Packiasamy, Juliet, Huynh, Lyna, Cabrera, Hilda, Ruzevich, Marisa, Blecha, Joseph, Peluso, Michael J., Huynh, Tony L., An, Sung-Min, Dornan, Mark, Belanger, Anthony P., Nguyen, Quang-Dé, Seo, Youngho, Song, Hong, Chaumeil, Myriam M., VanBrocklin, Henry F., and Chae, Hee-Don

Published
2024
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43. Hemorrhage and thrombosis in COVID-19-patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an international study based on the COVID-19 critical care consortium

Author

Feth, Maximilian, Weaver, Natasha, Fanning, Robert B., Cho, Sung-Min, Griffee, Matthew J., Panigada, Mauro, Zaaqoq, Akram M., Labib, Ahmed, Whitman, Glenn J. R., Arora, Rakesh C., Kim, Bo S., White, Nicole, Suen, Jacky Y., Li Bassi, Gianluigi, Peek, Giles J., Lorusso, Roberto, Dalton, Heidi, Fraser, John F., and Fanning, Jonathon P.

Published
2024
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