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An employment relationship is a relationship that occurs between workers/laborers and employers who bind themselves through an employment agreement. An employment agreement is the basis for an employment relationship, whether it is carried out for a certain period or an indefinite period. There has been a change in the Law regarding limiting the period of implementation of a contract work agreement, so that it causes injustice to workers. It is feared that the change in regulation will provide the status of lifelong contract workers/laborers. The methodology used in this study is normative legal research, using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The purpose of this study is to see the difference in legal protection for contract workers before and after the change in the Manpower Law. After seeing the difference in legal protection for contract workers. The results of the study indicate that changes in the unlimited work period of contract workers provide legal protection for the normative rights of contract workers that are not good, so it is necessary to conduct a material test at the Constitutional Court as a form of repressive legal protection for all levels of society, especially contract workers. How to cite item: Soba, Giovani Marco Tarani, Sunarjo, and Ariyanti. “Legal Protection for Contract Workers Post Changes to Labor Laws.” Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum 14 no. 3 (2023):265-278. DOI: 10.26905/idjch.v14i3.11216.

A study of intellectual capital was conducted to determine whether it can predict firm value by moderated ROA. This study is a quantitative study using secondary data from 240 observational datasets. Purposive sampling selection with company criteria in the LQ-45 index is used as a selection method consecutively from 2017 to 2020. The method of data analysis was panel data regression and Moderated Regression Analysis. The best estimation model used is the Fixed Effect model. We find that intellectual capital predicts the firm value. We also investigated that value-added capital employed and structural capital value added had a significant effect on firm value. In contrast, value-added human capital had no effect on firm value. We prove that profitability moderates the relationship between intellectual capital and firm value. The findings reveal that intellectual capital is an important determinant of a firm's value, thus the company of the LQ-45 index in developing economies like Indonesia needs to enhance their intellectual potential. Therefore, companies must stimulate the growth of capital employed and the efficiency of structural capital for enhanced firm value by strengthening ROA performance. This allows managers to allocate resources to critical knowledge assets for intellectual capital that can be turned into a sustainable competitive advantage.

This study aims to analyze the legal regulations regarding the adoption of children of Indonesian citizens by foreign nationals through a court decision process because in this case, the adoption is not a dispute which is then made into a decision, in accordance with the HIR stating that the decision was taken because of a lawsuit. This means that there must be a dispute between the disputing parties. Government Regulation 54 of 2007 concerning the Adoption of Children, contradicts article 184 HIR and needs to be reviewed because this regulation conflicts with the Criminal Procedure Code. Civil evidence is determined by very restrictive evidence, namely the judge in considering his decision is very fixated on the existing evidence. In this case, formal evidence is an authentic letter, namely a letter issued by an authorized agency made by an official who has been sworn in for an act. However, the letter may become inauthentic if a court decision overturns it; as long as there is no cancellation, the judge is bound by an authentic letter because the evidence is perfect evidence, so if the decision to adopt a child becomes void if there is a court decision that cancels it. How to cite item: Aisyiah, C., Wisnuwardhani, D. (2022). Notary, public official or public official: implications for the position of notary. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 13(3), 242-252. DOI:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v13i3.9012.

Social control is a form of monitoring whether or not a public policy is made from the planning and implementation stages in the community. Social control aims to prevent or treat so that the government does not set deviant actions or rules that can harm the community. So it is fitting for community groups to control and supervise the policies made by the government. However, it cannot be denied that there are still many policies that are made detrimental to the community and violate the public interest. This study analyzes inappropriate government policies in the community, using the empirical juridical method with a concept approach, a case approach, and a law approach. The results of this study indicate that several violations occurred due to government policies, so total control from the community is needed that can be carried out using a citizen lawsuit mechanism. The citizen lawsuit is the suitable lawsuit model to demand the Government evaluate and improve all efforts and policies to overcome problems detrimental to the community. How to cite item: Sinaga, P., Wiratama, F., Indriati, F., Rahayu, D., Sunarjo, S. (2022). Social control of government policy through the citizen lawsuit mechanism. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 13(2), 123-134. DOI:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v13i2.7875.

The development of the integrity zone (ZI) is an effort to maintain integrity as a state civil apparatus in carrying out public services for the community. This activity aims to assist and facilitate performance assessors of the integrity zone (ZI) implementation at the Sabo Technical Center. The implementation of the activity uses two methods, online by using Zoom Meetings and in-person meetings with tutors, technical assistance, and evaluation desks. Carried out effectively for six intermittent working days in September 2021, this activity is located at the Sabo Technical Center, Yogyakarta. The results of the initial evaluation of the implementation of the development of the integrity zone (ZI) on the leveraging component of strengthening public services, for each aspect that becomes the assessment indicator, includes the service standard rate of 85.33; service culture excellence rate of 88.26 and; service satisfaction assessment rate of 91.67. The impact of the implementation of this activity includes increasing implementation team understanding of various regulations that become the harborage of the development of the integrity zone (ZI); governance improvisation of integrity zone (ZI) development documents; improvise infrastructure facilities in public service rooms by meeting the minimum standards set; and presentation improvements on the website owned by the Sabo Technical Center.

Background and Aim: Endometriosis affects the ovaries and causes a decrease in the oocyte quality during endometrial receptivity. During the development of ovarian follicles, paracrine communication occurs between granulosa cells and oocytes. This study was conducted to determine the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) receptor 1 (TNFR1) expression, granulosa cell apoptosis, and folliculogenesis in endometriosis mouse models. Materials and Methods: This study involved 42 female mice, which were divided into three groups: Healthy mice (T0), endometriosis mice without transplantation (T1), and endometriosis mice with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (T2). The mice were injected intraperitoneally with endometrial fragments (200 μL) to become endometriosis models. On day 15, the endometriosis models received mesenchymal stem cells. Sample collection was performed on day 29. Granulosa cell apoptosis and TNFR1 expression were examined using immunohistochemical staining, and folliculogenesis was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining of ovary samples. The data obtained from both examinations were statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: The results showed that TNFR1 expression is significantly decreased in T2 (p

International trademark regulation is based on the Paris Convention and The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) while in Indonesia the regulation regarding trademark has undergone several changes, most recently Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indication. A trademark can be said to be a well-known trademark if it meets the criteria for a well-known trademark, but the latest Indonesia trademark law does not clearly explain the criteria for it. This study uses a normative juridical approach. This approach focuses on examining literature materials such as legislation and other relevant sources. This study examines the criteria for a well-known trademark by making comparisons between existing laws in Indonesia and countries and examines what legal remedies can be taken if a violation occurs. The results of this study indicate that there are several criteria for a well-known trademark that can be applied in Indonesia from the regulations of other countries to provide legal certainty. Some of these criteria are records of successful use of marks, trademarks that have been registered in various countries and those that are not yet in the Indonesian legal system, namely special registration of a well-known trademark. For legal measures against infringement of the well-known trademark, it can be done in court (litigation) or outside the court (non-litigation) such as dispute resolution through arbitration. How to cite item: Aldison, K. D. Sunarjo., Djaja, Hendra. (2021). Kajian yuridis tentang merek terkenal dan upaya hukum terhadap pelanggarannya. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 12(1), 41-50.doi:10.26905/idjch.v12i1.5723.

This demurrage problem has an impact on business operators or companies owning coal because it usually has to be burdened by the payment of demurrage fines that could have resulted in increased costs incurred by businesses in transporting coal. In fact, these legal issues arise due to the lack of caution of business actors when agreeing on an agreement. Then only comes legal awareness when an agreed agreement is problematic. This type of research is empirical legal research with interview and observation data collection methods. The conclusion of the research is that the application of the demurrage clause in the coal purchase agreement at PT. Sinar Rejeki Ekonomi starts with an agreement in the agreement regarding the party's burden in the event of demurrage. In the event of a demurrage, the buyer imposes compensation costs to the seller which is deemed to be late based on the total number of days anchored minus the agreed laytime days so that the amount of delay is found. The length of day the laytime is determined by the buyer is calculated based on the total capacity of the mother vessel load and the daily target set by the buyer and the legal consequences of the demurrage clause in the coal purchase agreement at PT. Sinar Rejeki Ekonomi is when a demurrage occurs, the seller is obliged to pay compensation arising from the duration of the demurrage. How to cite item: Sunarjo, S., Darmanto, T. (2020). Klausula demurrage dalam perjanjian jual beli batubara dan akibat hukumnya. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 11(2), 231-239. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v11i2.4408

Merjosari Village in Malang, which used to be still an agricultural area, has gradually narrowed due to the large number of housing developments by developers. This has an impact on reduced agricultural output, especially chili and tomatoes. Farmers and laborers are unemployed because of the decreasing number of their agricultural lands. The program aims to provide training on the use of mushroom waste in the form of grajen into worm breeding media, program implementation methods by providing outreach programs, training, and providing worm culture facilities and infrastructure for farmers. The results of the program show that farmers and laborers in Merjosari Village can carry out their own cultivation of the lumbricus rubellus worm by utilizing mushroom baglog waste (grajen). The results of the worm cultivation can be sold in the form of worms that can be used as animal feed, birds / poultry, fish, shrimp and so on, the basic ingredients of cosmetics and medicines, and worm feces (vermicompost) used for high-quality organic fertilizers, especially for plants such as flowers and fruit. For farmers and other communities, this program can create self-employment opportunities (entrepreneurship), improve the economy and family welfare, participate in maintaining the balance of ecosystems and the environment. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/abdimas.v5i2.4407

Abstract Maternal mortality in Indonesia is still very high, and the biggest problem is obstetric complications. It is possible that the mother who has obstetric complications is safe and recovered (near miss) or died. This research was an observational analytic epidemiological study conducted to determine the effectiveness of near-miss incidence referral in obstetric complications using a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used was a random sampling system with 85 respondents. The effectiveness of referral affects near-miss incidence, meaning that mothers who get referral according to procedure only have a 0.107 times greater chance of not occurring near miss. Pregnant women who had a history of the disease had a risk of 0.157 times greater for the absence of near-miss than mothers who did not have a history. Pregnant women with high risk have 0.157 times no near-miss than those with low risk. Maternal antenatal examination affects the incidence of a near miss. It was found that the mother's history of illness, the risk of pregnancy owned by the mother and the effectiveness of referrals could affect the incidence of near miss in obstetric complications. In conclusion, there is an influence between the effectiveness of the referral and the near-miss incident at the Waras Wiris Andong Regional Hospital, Boyolali Regency Keywords: referral, effectiveness, near-miss, obstetric complication

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan mengetahui tentang kemampuan personel Batalyon A dalam melaksanakan operasi pertahanan pantai. Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai optimalisasi kemampuan Batalyon A dalam melaksanakan tugas Operasi Pertahanan Pantai di daerah x. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan informan/narasumber yang memiliki pengetahuan ataupun informasi terhadap objek penelitian serta observasi langsung terhadap objek terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah personel saat ini hanya sekitar 70% (satu Batalyon) dari standar. Padahal pantai x memiliki panjang 73 km yang membutuhkan pengawakan sekitar lima batalyon. Dapat disimpulkan saat ini jumlah personel Batalyon A belum optimal untuk melaksanakan opshantai di wilayah pantai x, baik dari segi jumlah maupun dari pembinaan.

Go-Jek is present in Indonesia as one of the application-based online transportation. GO-JEK Indonesia which provides various service features, one of which is Go-Food. Go-Food is a food delivery service for consumers who want certain foods in a restaurant. In practice, there are obstacles in the form of orders by irresponsible consumers with cash payments, namely fictitious orders and cancellation of orders when food has been paid by Mitra to restaurants. This study uses empirical research methods that will examine 3 (three) problems, namely the legal relationship between the parties in the Go-Food feature, GO-JEK Indonesia's responsibilities, and legal protection against the Go-Jek driver who suffered losses in terms of using features Go-Food by irresponsible consumers. In the use of the Go-Jek application, the parties are subject to an electronic partnership agreement. This agreement is classified as a standard agreement and contains several standard clauses which are prohibited by law which result in the agreement being declared null and void. So it is hoped that this research can help the parties to review the clause on the agreement made and the losses experienced by the Go-Jek driver in using the Go-Food feature by irresponsible consumers can be reduced. How to cite item: Putri Augustti, V., Sunarjo, S. (2018). Tanggung Jawab PT Go-Jek Indonesia terhadap Kerugian yang Diderita Pengemudi Go-Jek Melalui Fitur Go-Food. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 9(1), 89-98. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v9i1.2119

Law protection became a basic element in law relation which had justice dimension. Without law protection, law relation got imbalance which would make conflict inter party. On philosophy dimension, law protection included 3 aspects. The dimensions were ontology, epistemology, and axiology. Ontology contemplated the essence and the meaning of something. Epistemology contemplated the way or the method to reach something, and axiologyelaborated the benefit or the use of something. Law protection had a meaning as a protection using law as the medium or a protection which was accommodated by law. It was directed to a certain interest relating to the law. Technically it was by making an interest which was needed to protect into a law right. In law relation of business transaction payment using credit card, it involved 3 parties, namely issuing bank (the bank which issued the card), card holder (the one who held the card) andmerchant (the places which accepted the payment using credit card). The three parties had a different law relation. The parties, especially the card holder, had to be protected legally so they did not suffer financial loss when they did transaction and when they did payment using credit card. Perlindungan hukum menjadi elemen mendasar dalam hubungan hukum yang berdimensi keadilan. Tanpa perlindungan hukum, hubungan hukum diwarnai ketimpangan yang akan menimbulkan pertentangan antar pihak. Pada dimensi filsafat, perlindungan hukum itu menyangkut tiga aspek. Dimensi dimaksud adalah ontologi, epistimologi, dan aksiologi. Ontologi berkontemplasi tentang hakekat atau makna sesuatu. Epistimologi berkontemplasi tentang cara atau metode mencapai sesuatu, dan aksiologi mengelaborasi manfaat atau kegunaan sesuatu hal. Perlindungan hukum mempunyai makna sebagai perlindungan dengan menggunakan sarana hukum atau perlindungan yang diakomodasikan oleh hukum, ditujukan kepada perlindungan terhadap kepentingan tertentu dalam hubungan hukum. Teknisnya adalah dengan cara menjadikan kepentingan yang perlu dilindungi tersebut ke dalam sebuah hak hukum. Pada hubungan hukum berupa pembayaran transaksi bisnis dengan kartu kredit, melibatkan tiga pihak, yaitu issuing bank (bank yang mengeluarkan kartu), card holder (pemegang kartu) dan merchant (tempat-tempat yang mau menerima pembayaran dengan kartu kredit). Antara ketiga pihak tersebut mempunyai hubungan hukum yang berbeda. Para pihak tersebut terutama pemegang kartu kredit harus dilindungi secara hukum sehingga tidak mengalami kerugian ketika bertransaksi dan melakukan pembayaran dengan kartu kredit.

Indonesia was constitutional state based on Pancasila. Thus, it was called Pancasila constitutional state.It wasdifferent from Rechtsstaat or the rule of law. All regulations in Indonesia might not contradict Pancasila as thesource of all constitution. Pancasila constitutional state had a special characteristic namely the harmonyrelation between government and people based on harmony principle: functional relation which was proportionalamong the powers; the balance between right and obligation; the guarantee to the freedom of religion inpositive connotation; good relation between religion and state; and the solution principle of disagreementthrough discussion and judicature as the last medium. Based on the last characteristic, it could be known thatthe solution for every quarrel or disagreement that happened was discussion to reach an agreement. If it did notwork, then the judicature as the last way was taken fairly based on value of Pancasila. Besides, judicature alsohad to be done as the principles of good judicature.

BPR as the micro financial medium institution was seen as one of translation media and risk transformation. The ability of BPR in managing risk became an attention along with the increase of volume and the business operational complexity, including bank operational risk like fraud caused by people, system, or external condition. If there was no controlling, it would create loss potency for BPR itself. This research aimed to measure the loss effect because of operational risk and to identify the system of operational risk control using basic indicator approach. The population of this research was all BPR in Malang, namely 39 banks. The samples used were 20 banks. Data collection method used was observation and documentation. The research result showed that operational risk events were divided into 4 quadrants, namely Low Frequency/High Impact, High Frequency/High Impact, Low Frequency/Low Impact, and High Frequency/Low Impact. The quadrants division resulted information related to how the operational risk would be managed. Total capital charge of all BPR in Malang was IDR.4.085.114.000,00. It indicated that the total capital charge used was to anticipate the operational risk. BPR sebagai lembaga perantara keuangan mikro, semakin dilihat sebagai salah satu media translasi dan transformasi risiko. Kemampuan BPR dalam mengelola risiko semakin menjadi perhatian sejalan dengan peningkatan volume dan kompleksitas operasional bisnisnya, termasuk risiko operasional bank seperti fraud yang disebabkan oleh orang, sistem atau kondisi eksternal, yang apabila tidak dilakukan pengendalian menciptakan potensi kerugian bagi BPR yang bersangkutan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dampak kerugian yang ditimbulkan akibat adanya risiko operasional dan mengidentifikasi sistem pengendalian risiko operasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan indikator dasar. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh BPR di Kota dan Kabupaten Malang yang berjumlah 39 bank. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 20 bank. Metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kejadian risiko operasional terbagi dalam 4 kuadran yaitu: Low Frequency/High Impact, High Frequency/High Impact, Low Frequency/Low Impact, dan High Frequency/Low Impact. Pembagian kuadran tersebut menghasilkan informasi yang terkait dengan bagaimana risiko operasional akan dikelola. Total capital charge seluruh BPR di Wilayah Malang sebesar Rp.4.085.114.000,00, hal ini menunjukkan besar jumlah capital charge yang digunakan untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya risiko operasional.

An analysis to the comparison between Indonesian law and Malaysian law toward the imbalance of standard agreement shows that in Indonesia, every agreement or contract must fulfill the requirement of agreement legality as it is arranged in article 1320 KUHP civil. If the requirement is not fulfilled, the agreement law can be cancelled, even the agreement is cancelled for the sake of law. Standard agreement is made unilaterally. The content is more beneficial to the party that makes it (dominant party) and it inflicts a loss upon the party that accepts the agreement (debtor). In Malaysia, agreement and contract are the two different things. Every contract is agreement but not every agreement is as valuable as contract. Contract causes a law implication while agreement does not cause a law implication. Every contract must fulfill a contract character: there is an offer, receipt, reply, intention to realize the legal relation and to be protected by law; ability to make a contract; requirement certainty; and free wish (not being asked or insisted). Standard agreement is arranged in goods selling certificate 1957; it is legally permitted there is a standard article in the standard agreement consisting the limitation of charge guarantee for business doer that inflicts a loss upon the party receiving the contract. Analisis terhadap perbandingan hukum Indonesia dan Malaysia terhadap ketakseimbangan dalam perjanjian baku menunjukkan bahwa di Indonesia setiap perjanjian atau kontrak harus memenuhi syarat sahnya perjanjian sebagaimana diatur dalam pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Tidak dipenuhinya syarat tersebut berakibat hukum perjanjian dapat dibatalkan, bahkan perjanjian batal demi hukum. Perjanjian baku dibuat secara sepihak. Isinya lebih menguntungkan pihak yang membuat (pihak yang dominan) dan merugikan bagi pihak yang menerima perjanjian (debitur). Di Malaysia antara perjanjian dengan kontrak merupakan dua hal yang berbeda. Setiap kontrak adalah perjanjian tetapi tidak setiap perjanjian bernilai kontrak. Kontrak menimbulkan implikasi hukum sedangkan perjanjian tidak menimbulkan implikasi hukum. Setiap kontrak harus memenuhi karakter kontrak, yaitu ada tawaran, ada penerimaan, ada balasan, niat mewujudkan hubungan yang sah dan dilindungi hukum; kebolehan membuat perjanjian kontrak; kepastian syarat dan terma kontrak; dan kehendak bebas (bukan disuruh atau dipaksa). Perjanjian baku diatur dalam Akta Jualan Barangan 1957 diperkenankan adanya klausula baku dalam perjanjian baku yang berisi pembatasan tanggung gugat pelaku usaha, yang sangat merugikan bagi pihak yang menerima kontrak.

United States and the Soviet Union is a country on the part of allies who emerged as the winner during World War II. However, after reaching the Allied victory in the situation soon changed, man has become an opponent. United States and the Soviet Union are competing to expand the influence and power. To compete the United States strive continuously strengthen itself both in the economic and military by establishing a defense pact and aid agencies in the field of economy. During the Cold War the two are not fighting directly in one of the countries of the former Soviet Union and the United States. However, if understood, teradinya the Korean War and the Vietnam War is a result of tensions between the two countries and is a direct warfare conducted by the United States and the Soviet Union. Cold War ended in conflict with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the United States emerged as the winner of the country.

Profession ethics was a dimensional concept, not only in perspective philosophy that became a principle ofmethodical and systematical elaboration about norm and value which provided the basis of human act. Ethicsas a normative science was dealing with norm or value which decided to evaluate someone whether (s) he is agood or bad human. Profession as a lawyer adhered to someone after doing some steps: having a title as masterof law, joining Training Special for Lawyer Profession (PKPA), passing the examination of Lawyer Professiontest (UPA), being an apprentice at least 2 years in a lawyer office, and being inaugurated in an open or publiccourt in an appellate court. The realization of noble profession (Officium Nobile) was that every lawyer inimplementing their professions had to obey to the profession ethics (code of ethics) and regulation of legislation.One of the most important things was fully obeying the lawyer oath. The thesis was when every lawyerobeyed the three things and it would have good effect for the lawyer and also for the clients and for the nationtoo.

Pasar Merjosari Kota Malang memiliki masalah sampah dimana setiap hari banyak terdapat tumpukan sampahorganik yang berupa sayur dan buah-buahan yang sengaja dibuang oleh para pedagang pasar karena tidak layakdijual. Penumpukan sampah ini apabila tidak dikelola secara tepat akan menimbulkan gangguan pada manusia.Penumpukan sayur buangan juga berpotensi dilakukan oleh para pedagang sayur keliling dan rumahan. Tujuanprogram ini adalah pelatihan tentang pemanfaatan sayur buangan menjadi sumber pakan cacing. Target yangdiinginkan adalah para pedagang sayur keliling dan rumahan, para pedagang masing-masing dapat melakukansendiri pengolahan sayur buangan sebagai bahan pakan cacing ANC. Hasil budidaya cacing tersebut dapatdijual dalam bentuk cacing yang bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai: (1) bahan pembuat pellet; (2) bahan dasarpembuatan kosmetik dan obat-obatan; (3) kotoran cacing (kascing) bisa digunakan untuk pupuk organikberkualitas tinggi terutama untuk tanaman seperti bunga dan buah, dan sebagainya. Metode pelaksanaanprogram dengan cara memberikan sosialisasi (penyuluhan), pelatihan, dan pemberian sarana dan prasaranabudidaya cacing bagi para mitra. Hasil program ini dapat menciptakan peluang kerja sendiri (wirausaha),meningkatkan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan keluarga, ikut serta dalam menjaga dan memelihara keseimbanganlingkungan di sekitar tempat tinggal. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/abdimas.v2i1.1290

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Sistem perdagangan yang sedang berkembang di dunia saat ini adalah E-banking, yaitu sistem perdagangansecara elektronik (E-Commerce) yang telah mengubah interaksi antara nasabah dengan bank dari interaksilangsung menjadi interaksi tidak langsung. Salah satu penerapan E-banking yang telah dimanfaatkan olehmasyarakat luas adalah transaksi pengambilan atau transfer dana lewat Automatic Teller Machine (ATM).Kemudahan pembayaran ini di satu sisi menguntungkan bagi nasabah bank karena pembayaran dapat dilakukandengan praktis dan cepat, tetapi di sisi lain juga dapat menimbulkan masalah hukum. Banyaknya kasuskasuspembobolan ATM dengan berbagai modus operandi akan menimbulkan kerugian yang diderita olehnasabah bank pengguna transaksi E-banking melalui ATM.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa banyak peraturan yang memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadapnasabah pengguna transaksi E-banking melalui ATM, seperti UU Perbankan, UU Bank Indonesia, UUPerlindungan Konsumen, UU Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa, maupun beberapa Peraturan Bank Indonesiatentang Penyelesaian Pengaduan Nasabah dan Mediasi Perbankan. Sedangkan bagi nasabah pengguna transaksiE-banking melalui ATM yang dirugikan dapat melakukan upaya hukum baik melalui jalur di luar pengadilanmaupun jalur pengadilan. Jalur di luar pengadilan dapat melalui mediasi, konsiliasi, atau arbitrase. Sedangkanjalur pengadilan dapat dilakukan dengan mengajukan gugatan dengan alas hak wanprestasi ataupun perbuatanmelawan hukum.

This research examines the legal uncertainties surrounding restrictions on police officers holding positions outside the police institution, focusing on the analysis of Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police. Using a normative legal research method with legislative and conceptual approaches, the study reviews relevant legal provisions and principles of legal certainty and separation of powers. Key findings reveal significant regulatory ambiguities in defining permissible external roles, enforcement mechanisms, and conditions under which police officers may hold such positions. These gaps contribute to overlapping authorities, legal inconsistencies, and potential conflicts of interest. The study concludes by recommending specific policy revisions, including clarifying legal provisions, strengthening oversight mechanisms, and establishing clear criteria for permissible external roles. These measures aim to enhance legal certainty, maintain institutional integrity, and foster greater public trust in law enforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many construction organizations still employ workers without regard to the application of accident risk, although a focus on safety is predicted to improve worker performance. This study aims to examine the effect of occupational safety and health and incentive factors on worker performance in housing construction projects. This study used a quantitative approach and was tested using the SEM-PLS method with a sample of 72 respondents. The results showed that well-implemented occupational safety and health significantly improved worker performance, by reducing the risk of injury and improving worker welfare. In addition, high work motivation plays a role in increasing project productivity and efficiency. Emphasis on safety, health, and work motivation was shown to have a positive impact on achieving better project performance. The implications of this research provide important insights for construction managers and policy makers in optimizing project success through the implementation of effective safety protocols, wellness programs, and appropriate motivation strategies. Thus, this study highlights the importance of integrating occupational safety and motivation as key factors in achieving superior project performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the influence of managerial communication, workload, and compensation on turnover intention, with job satisfaction serving as a mediating variable. The study was conducted at the XYZ Insurance office in Tangerang, involving 138 employees, with sample size determined using the Krejcie-Morgan formula and purposive sampling method. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed via Google Forms, containing 40 questions with 1-5 Likert scale. The data was analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The results indicate that managerial communication, workload, and compensation negatively affect turnover intention among XYZ Insurance employees. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between managerial communication, workload, and compensation on turnover intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to examine the company's efforts to retain competent employees in the textile industry. The research background shows that the textile industry in Indonesia has a significant contribution to the country's economy, but is faced with challenges in maintaining a competent workforce. The research was conducted at the company PT XYZ, one of the textile manufacturing companies in Tangerang. The method used is quantitative with the SEM-PLS analysis technique. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed to employees. This research aims to examine the influence of compensation, perceived supervisor support, and career development on intention to stay which is mediated by job satisfaction. The research results show that the work environment, superior behavior, career development and compensation are factors that influence employees' desire to continue working at the company. This research emphasizes the importance for organizations to create a conducive work environment, build good relationships between employees and superiors, and match the workload with the compensation received. These findings provide managerial implications for textile companies in managing human resources to maintain business sustainability and competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The enforcement of law is an integral aspect of the legal system's functioning, and it is often criticized with phrases like "no viral, no justice" or "law is sharp downwards, blunt upwards." In this context, how does the philosophy of law play a role in upholding the integrity of law enforcement, and how can a legal enforcement system be grounded in the rationality of legal philosophy. This type of research is normative with a conceptual approach based on secondary data. Secondary data is obtained through literature review and then analyzed qualitatively. Based on the analysis, it is found that the role of legal philosophy in maintaining the integrity of law enforcement involves guiding law enforcers to work effectively, respect, follow, and consistently apply rules to create balanced relationships by providing rights to everyone through fair and proportional procedures. A legal enforcement system based on the rationality of legal philosophy would involve: Methodical Enforcement: Law enforcement. is conducted in a structured and systematic manner. Systematic Enforcement: Law enforcement follows a structured process. Coherent Enforcement: Law enforcement is logically consistent. Rational Enforcement: Law enforcement is based on reason rather than emotion. Comprehensive Enforcement: Law enforcement addresses all relevant aspects comprehensively. Radical Enforcement: Law enforcement applies thoroughly and decisively. Universal Enforcement: Law enforcement is applied universally, ensuring that it is fair and equal for all. This research confirms that a strong and integrated legal philosophy position in the law enforcement system is the key to maintaining and enhancing the dignity of the law itself. This requires commitment from all legal stakeholders to continue to apply and develop the principles of legal philosophy in every aspect of law enforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To analyze the relationship between maternal characteristics and actions to maintain children's oral health with oral hygiene in primary school-aged children Method: This type of research is quantitative analytical with a cross-sectional approach. The population is students from SD Negeri Seberang Mesjid 1 Banjarmasin. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique of 5th-grade students and their mothers. Data collection on characteristics and perspectives of maternal actions used a questionnaire instrument. Meanwhile, data on oral hygiene uses the Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) examination sheet. Data analysis used an alternative relationship test, namely Fisher's Exact Test. Results: Most mothers (47.1%) had actions to maintain their children's oral health in the good category. Meanwhile, most children's oral hygiene (49.4%) was in the poor category. The results of the correlation test showed (p-value) that the child's oral hygiene with the mother’s education = 0.000, the mother’s occupation = 0.001, the mother’s exposure to information = 0.000, the family’s income = 0.014, and the mother's age = 0.596. In the correlation test between the mother's actions in maintaining her child's oral health and the children's oral hygiene, it was found that p-value = 0.000. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between maternal characteristics which include: education, occupation, family income, and the mother's actions. Meanwhile, the mother's age is not significantly related to the mother's actions. There is a significant relationship between the mother's actions in maintaining her child's oral health and the oral hygiene of primary schoolaged children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indonesian National Police (Polri) has taken a significant step towards ensuring transparency, accountability, and efficiency in the management of state resources. It has been achieved by implementing Chief of Police Regulation Number 14 of 2014 concerning the Goods and Services Procurement Service Unit. However, implementing such a regulation is a challenging task that requires awareness and commitment from all parties involved. This sort of exploration is Regularizing research utilized legal and calculated approach. The information source utilized was optional information broke down unmistakably and subjectively. Closing was completed utilizing a rational strategy. This examination found that Article 17 stresses the commitment to complete the acquirement cycle for labor and products straightforwardly. Moreover, every stage in the procurement process, from planning, and auction implementation, to evaluating goods/services providers, must be carried out openly and clearly. Apart from that, another strong article that can be a driving force for the implementation of this regulation is Article 24 which regulates administrative sanctions for violators. This article provides a legal basis for the National Police to impose sanctions on parties who violate the provisions of this regulation. With the threat of sanctions, it is expected that it can encourage related parties to comply with the established rules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic pushed physicians to modify conventional practices to reduce the exposure and risk of infection among patients and health workers. Telemedicine is one of the safest methods, and telerehabilitation could prevent the sequelae of COVID-19. A quasi-experimental study with randomized sampling without masking/blinding was conducted. The study was conducted from August 2021 to March 2022 at Hospital A in Pekanbaru, Hospital B in Jayapura, and Hospital C in Jakarta, Indonesia. A total of 27 patients were recruited and divided into control and intervention groups. The control group was given conventional education on therapeutic exercise at home, while the intervention group was shown educational videos about therapeutic exercise at home. The comparison of all functional outcomes between the two groups after the intervention showed a significant difference. The intervention group improved more than the control group, except for the fatigue severity scale. Most of the responses showed that this video was feasible and useful and did not need to be supervised by health workers. Therapeutic exercise educational videos can be an option to deliver rehabilitation programs for post-COVID-19 hospitalized patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background of the study: Currently, SMEs are still facing various environmental problems so that they continue to receive special attention in the academic field. Furthermore, the role of the business world, society and government is needed to pay more attention to the environmental and social impacts on companies in order to increase efficiency and reduce risks to the condition of society and the environment. Objectives: This study explores the positive influence of green motifs on the green innovation performance of Batik SMEs by examining three green motifs (instrumental motives, relational motives and moral motives). This qualitative research was conducted by analyzing data from interviews conducted with representatives of UKM Batik Pekalongan, Indonesia with samples in various regions in order to obtain data variations and data accuracy, so that the results can be generalized. Finding: This study reveals the results that instrumental motives have the strongest influence on green innovation performance compared to moral motives and relational motives. But the three still have a positive relationship. Relational motives are generally the main motivation for companies to achieve green innovation performance. Conclusion: This study describes the motives of batik SMEs in carrying out green activities (instrumental motives, relational motives, and moral motives). These three motifs have the opportunity to improve the performance of green innovation in batik SMEs. The conclusion of this finding is that companies tend to do something above the main goal, seek profit or prefer to produce something useful for the company and support something related to social activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients who visited dental clinic with complaints of oral mucosa injury due to trauma, chemical or infection were around 27%. In the market, topical drug preparation is relatively expensive. It has side effect for hypersensitive patient. Alternative herbal medicine safe, effective and affordable is needed. Some research showed mangosteen rind (MGS) as an anti inflammatory, anti oxidant and anti bacterial. This study aims to determine role of MGS paste on COX (Cyclooxygenase)-2 expression in oral ulcer healing. Type of experimental research, randomly obtained 36 Male Wistar rats divided into 6 groups in which 3 treatment groups (trauma, chemical and infection) and 3 control groups. Treatment groups were smeared with MGS paste while control groups were untreated. Then each group was decapitated on the 3rd, 7th and 10th day. Observations were made macroscopically and microscopically by histopathological examination then the data obtained were carried out by Non-parametric Test. On the 10th day there were significantly different amounts of COX-2 on oral ulcer healing between treatment and control group (p < 0.010), except for Infectious Ulcer. The role of MGS paste proved significantly in reducing COX-2 on oral ulcer healing because of trauma and chemical. Usage of MGS paste topically could accelerate and prevent excessive inflammation on oral ulcer healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demand on eco-friendly products is burgeoning, as a form adaptation to climate change mitigation strategy. Hence, environmental issues are still considered as an emerging topic that concerns the tourism sector. Planned Behavior Theory (TPB) describes the formation of environmentally friendly behavior intentions in green purchase intentions of natural batik dyes. Data were obtained from 200 visitors who ever purchased natural dyed batik during their craft shopping tours to the city of Batik, Pekalongan Indonesia. The data were further analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. The initial model's calculation results reveal that green subjective norm has no significant relationship on green purchase intention. Furthermore, green product knowledge and attitude positively impact green purse intention of batik products made from natural ingredients. The results showed that INELOC does not moderate the relationship between attitude (ATT) on green purchase intention. Craft shopping tour is becoming popular choice of sightseeing bundling offered by travel agents. Besides its positive value, increasing demand on the handicraft shopping also has a negative consequence on the environment. The destruction occurs as a result of rapid growth in consumption, hence, purchasing environmentally friendly products can be a way to minimize the climate change and balancing the ecosystems. Demand on eco-friendly products is burgeoning, as a form adaptation to climate change mitigation strategy. Realizing that the river pollution can endanger people's health, MSMEs have started producing batik with natural dyes. Although the number of MSMEs that produce natural dyed batik products is not high, the Pekalongan City Government is continually socialize the importance of reducing chemical waste and river pollution. These findings have important implications for marketers and policymakers of natural dye bat ik. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mucormycosis is a rare invasive fungal infection, but fatal when it occurs and triggered by tooth extraction. Heat Shock Protein (HSP)-72 allegedly serves to protect the cell from stress. The aim of this study is to analyze the expression of Hsp-72 in maxillary mucosal tissue of mucormycosis infection on dental extraction after Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) therapy. 34 male marmots with age of 3-4 month were divided into 6 groups: 1 control group, 1 group of dental extraction and 4 intervention group. Two group, first with injection of Rhizopus oryzae strain CBS 110.17, and then tooh extraction. The other two group, dental extraction first and then rhizopus oryzae injection. The four interventions group were divided with non HBO and HBO treatment of 2,4 ATA 3x30 minute, one session, for 5 days. The expression of HSP-72 was examined by immunohistochemistry. Mean of (K-1): 0,17±0,12; (K-2): 0,62±0,15; (K-3): 0,52±0,19; (K-4): 6,07±2,79; (K-5): 1,18±0,82; and (K-6): 2,92±0,84. K-4 is the most dominant compared to the other group. HBO therapy 2,4 ATA, 3x30', for 5 days has been significantly proven to increase the expression of Hsp-72 in macrophage of maxillary mucosal which infected by mucormycosis until 35,7 times higher than normal group [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]