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Livestock and poultry breeding wastewater has a complex composition by diverse types and high concentrations of pollutants. The current treatment of these waste water has gradually shifted from traditional treatment to resource utilization technologies. Treatment technique based on photosynthetic microorganisms presents a financially potential alternative to traditional wastewater treatment technology, due to the water quality features and resource recovery potential of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater. This article introduced the characteristics and resource utilization trends of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, along with the limitations of conventional wastewater treatment technologies. The advantages and disadvantages of photosynthetic microorganism-based treatment technologies and traditional methods were compared, and the principles of the technology from the perspectives of microalgae and photosynthetic bacteria were explained. Additionally, several composite treatment technologies based on photosynthetic microorganism were also highlighted, as well as value-added products that could be generated. Finally, it was proposed that photosynthetic microbial treatment technologies should aim for larger scales, integrate environmental applicability, and realize the potential for enhanced product value in the future.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the differential expression of CD44 in glioblastoma (GBM), and the enrichment of related pathways combined with U87 cell verification. Methods Differential expression and Cox analysis were used to find potential differences in CD44 expression between tumor patients and healthy people as shown by pancancer transcriptome and hazard ratio (HR). Immunoinfiltration and stem-cell related scores of GBM patients with high and low CD44 expression groups were compared and the differences between immune cell subsets, and their correlation with CD44 were further analyzed. Pathway enrichment of differentially expressed genes in high and low CD44 expression groups for GBM patients was performed. Over-expression (OE), knockdown (KD) and knockout (KO) of CD44 in U87 cells was done by constructing and packaging lentivirus and using the electroribonucleoprotein complex; CD44 immunofluorescence staining was performed on U87 and U87 CD44 OE cells. The activity and apoptosis of U87 cells were detected by knocking down CD44 and the migration and invasion ability of U87 cells were detected by knocking down CD44. Results The expression of CD44 in GBM patients was higher than that in healthy people (P＜0.05) and HR＞1. GBM patients with high CD44 expression had higher stromal cell and immunoinfiltration scores, and GBM patients with high and low CD44 expression had significant differences in the ratio of dendritic cells, CD4+ memory T cells and regulatory T cells, all positively correlated with CD44 expression (P＜0.05). Differential gene enrichment in GBM patients with high and low CD44 expression was further associated with pathways related to cell migration and apoptosis(P＜0.05). Experiments using U87 cells showed that CD44 was normally localized in the cell membrane, but for CD44 OE it accumulated in the cytoplasm. CD44 KD can lead to a decrease in cell viability, increased in cell apoptosis, with the cell migration and invasion ability of CD44 KO also decreasing (P＜0.05). Conclusions Low expression of CD44 can decrease viability, migration and invasion of U87 cells and promote apoptosis rate of U87 cells, which leads to the deterioration of GBM and is a related factor potentially affecting the prognosis of GBM patients.

This paper constructs the coupling logic of the two systems of vocational education and cultural tourism with the joint action of external and internal driving forces. It contributes to the coupling of the two systems through the synergistic relationship of same-frequency resonance and applies dimensionless processing to data checking and data cleaning of vocational education data. The coupling coordination development level of vocational education and the cultural tourism industry can be measured using the modified coupling coordination degree model. An empirical study of the coupling coordination degree of vocational education and cultural tourism industry in Province G is conducted using the entropy value method. The results show that the coupling and coordination degree of vocational education and cultural tourism system in province G shows a decreasing trend from 2013 to 2019, and the coupling and coordination degree between the development level of the cultural tourism industry and vocational education gradually rises to 0.658388 in 2022 after 2019, and the interaction between the two is gradually obvious. The integration of industry and vocational education in cultural tourism is promoted by this paper through valuable references and drawable ideas.

Ameloblastomas are benign tumors associated with recurrence and morbidity. Mutations in the V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) and smoothened (SMO) genes have been identified in ameloblastomas. The mutation rate of BRAF in different regions and mutation sites of SMO remains controversial. This study assesses the relationship between these mutations and clinicopathological features of ameloblastoma in Chinese patients. Ameloblastomas were surgically removed from 30 patients and BRAF gene polymorphisms were detected using DNA sequencing analysis. We also examined the relationship between BRAF or SMO mutations and clinicopathological parameters. BRAF V600E mutation was detected in 18 of 30 ameloblastomas. No significant correlation was found between BRAF V600E mutation and age, sex, location, histologic type, capsular invasion, or tumor recurrence. Five cases carried an SMO T364N mutation in exon 5, whereas six carried an SMO S590 T mutation in exon 10. The SMO mutation rate in patients aged ≤ 20 years was significantly higher than that in patients aged > 20 years. SMO T364N and S590 T mutations were closely related to age and capsular invasion. These findings indicate that BRAF V600E, SMO T364N, and SMO S590 T mutations play important roles in the pathogenesis of ameloblastoma. Key highlights The BRAF V600E mutation was highly prevalent in Chinese patients with ameloblastoma. SMO T364N and S590 T mutations are closely related to age and capsular invasion. The BRAF V600E, SMO T364N, and SMO S590 T mutations play important roles in the pathogenesis of ameloblastoma.

This paper presents a guided-mode resonance (GMR) reflector for sapphire based Fabry-Perot (F-P) sensors that enables tunable or wideband high reflectance with high temperature resistance,which is expected to effectively regulate the performance of F-P sensors and offer a novel approach for designing F-P sensors in harsh environments. Intrinsic and extrinsic GMR gratings are proposed, and their optical and thermal properties are investigated and compared through numerical simulations, such as rigorous coupled-wave analysis and finite element analysis methods. The quantitative results indicate high feasibility for harsh environment applications and the potential for adopting different demodulation methods. Significant enhancement in the F-P sensor performance is obtained through analysis based on the F-P interference model, and the spectrum fineness and sensor sensitivity can be enhanced by at least one order of magnitude. The GMR reflector can be extended to other types of F-P sensors, demonstrating significant potential in high-temperature applications.

Based on the Monte Carlo homogenization theory and the finite volume method, a three-dimensional diffusion spatiotemporal dynamics model suitable for the analysis of instantaneous critical accidents was established. The three-dimensional diffusion spatiotemporal dynamics model was coupled with the unsteady state heat transfer model and the radiation cracking bubble model, and the calculation program GETAC-S was upgraded, so that GETAC-S had the ability to analyze the transient state of the solution system under any geometric and material conditions. GETAC-S was verified by the experimental data of TRACY, which was an international transient device, and the results are in good agreement. GETAC-S was used to invert the process of JCO criticality accident in Japan, and the results show that the GETAC-S has the ability to evaluate and retrieve the consequences of critical accidents in complex solution system, which provide theoretical support for the prevention, evaluation and shielding of nuclear critical accidents.

Conveyor belt deviation and coal stacking are common faults of belt conveyor in the coal mine. The traditional contact conveyor belt deviation or coal stacking detection methods can not meet the requirements of coal mine safety production in terms of durability, sensitivity and reliability. However, the detection effect based on the image processing method is greatly affected by image color information, which is prone to false identification. The belt conveyor deviation and coal stacking monitoring method based on 3D point cloud is proposed. The 3D point cloud data of the conveyor belt surface is collected by line laser binocular camera. The real-time monitoring of belt deviation and coal stacking is carried out by analyzing and processing the point cloud data. In terms of conveyor belt deviation monitoring, Euclidean clustering and random sampling consistency algorithm are used to filter redundant point cloud data, and extract edge data points of the conveyor belt. The mean central characterization value is used to characterize the degree of conveyor belt deviation, so as to reduce the influence of the shape change in the width direction of the conveyor belt on the monitoring. In terms of coal stacking monitoring, the equivalent height of coal flow is obtained by processing point cloud data. The height and width information of coal flow is characterized by the equivalent height, so that the coal stacking degree is evaluated in real-time. The test bed of the belt conveyor deviation and coal stacking monitoring system is built. The test results show the following points. When the speed of the conveyor belt is 0.5-3.0 m/s, the detection error of the edge point of the conveyor belt is − 2.84-1.26 mm, and the maximum error is only 2.84 mm. It shows that the system can reliably realize the function of deviation fault monitoring and accurately predict the deviation trend. Coal samples (14-41 kg, in increments of 1 kg) are stacked on the conveyor belt. When the coal mass is within the range of 14-24 kg and 28-41 kg, the coal stacking detection results are correct. There are detection errors in the range of 25-27 kg. The reason is that the coal sample quality in this range is close to the critical value of 27.6 kg for triggering the coal stacking alarm.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) complicated with perioperative pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods Depending on Chinese Pituitary Disease Registry Network (CPDRN) and Pituitary Tumor Database in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 20 patients with CS complicated perioperative PE were collected from January 1, 2013 to September 30, 2020, and the clinical manifestations and laboratory examination data of the patients were investigated. The clinical characteristics were compared between ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone syndrome (EAS) and CS with PE during the perioperative period. In addition, clinical characteristics were also studied in these patients before and after the operation. Results According to etiology, they were divided into CS (7 cases), EAS (9 cases) and adrenal adenoma (4 cases). The course of CS was longer than EAS (t = ⁃ 2.938, P = 0.011). According to the occurrence time of PE, the patients were divided into preoperative PE (13 cases) and postoperative PE (7 cases). The patients with postoperative PE had a lower body mass index (t = 2.427, P = 0.026) and a higher fibrinogen (t = ⁃ 2.162, P = 0.047). The patients with PE before surgery included 5 cases of CS, 5 cases of EAS, and 3 cases of adrenal adenomas, while those who with PE after surgery included 2 cases of CS, 4 cases of EAS, and one case of adrenal adenoma. Among the 7 patients with PE after surgery, 5 cases did not get remission. Compared with preoperative examination, the erythrocyte count (t = ⁃ 2.032, P = 0.042) and hemoglobin (t = 9.807, P = 0.001) were decreased after operation, the prothrombin time (t = ⁃ 2.847, P = 0.047) and international normalized ratio (t = ⁃ 3.059, P = 0.038) were increased after operation. Conclusions Longer course of disease and no remission hypercortisolemia after surgery may be the risk factors for perioperative PE in CS patients. Patients with elevated fibrinogen before surgery and reduced red blood cell count and hemoglobin after surgery should be alert to the risk of PE. doi：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2021.03.009

The current popular modular multilevel converter topology (MMC) needs a large number of cascaded sub modules and switches, a high voltage level of DC bus and a large loss. Based on these problems, a new multilevel converter topology with H-bridge alternate arm is proposed. This topology combines two structures of H-bridge sub module cascade and H-bridge switch series arm. In high-voltage and high-power applications, on the premise of outputting the same AC voltage level, this topology reduces the DC bus voltage level, system loss and cost, and the number of components, simplifies the control method, and improves the system reliability compared with the MMC structure. In this paper, the working mechanism of the topology is described in detail. On this basis, the control strategy of sub module capacitor voltage balancing is proposed. Finally, the PSIM simulation of the topology is carried out, and a single-phase prototype is made in the laboratory. The simulation and experimental waveforms are obtained, which verify the correctness and feasibility of the topology structure.

A 350MW power plant main steam and reheat hot steam pipe subsidence occurred in part of the pipe section, through field inspection, calculation and checking analysis, combined with pipeline support and hanger adjustment, load testing and elevation measurement and other means, the settlement of the pipe system to optimize the overall stress state of the pipe system. Through the thermal displacement of the pipe system support lifting point, the selection and calculation of the pipe system support hanger and the overall design state stress check of the pipe system, the design state is basically consistent with the check state. Through to the key node load tests have shown that small spring hanger selection is the primary cause of section settling, combined with the spring adjustment space and calculation results are part of the hanger. Finally, the settlement of pipeline is realized, main steam pipe at the same time a stress and secondary stress were achieved about 15% of the decline, piping stress has been further optimized.

Oral cancer is becoming frightful public health issue because of its raising incidence as well as mortality rates worldwide. Out of all types of oral cancer, the oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor with an incidence of about 90%. This fatal disease is diagnosed through a comprehensive clinical examination followed by the histological assessments forming the diagnostic gold standard. Although the oral cavity is simply accessible, but maximum oral cancers are usually diagnosed at the late stage. Consequently, it is necessary to implicate newer screening and early diagnosing approaches which will diminish the morbidity as well as mortality related to this disease. Saliva which is a complex biological fluid has a direct relation with the oral cancer lesion and contains abnormal DNA, RNA, protein molecules released by the malignant cells. These can be labelled as neoplastic biomarkers proposed to play an important role in diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic purposes for oral cancers as well as other diseases. The aim of this review paper is to concisely discuss the different types of potential salivary biomarkers as well as their interaction for screening of oral cancers.

The alveolar cleft is known as the developmental defect of bone in alveolar process of maxillae which occurs in 75% of the cleft lip and palate patients with different types of clinical presentation like unilateral or bilateral and complete or incomplete. Secondary alveolar cleft reconstruction with autogenic spongy bone grafting (osteoplasty) at the stage of mixed dentition is commonly accepted treatment to help in the maintenance of maxillary arch continuity, repairing of oronasal fistula, eruption of the permanent dentition, enhancement of nasal symmetry through providing alar base support and improving speech. As of late, conflicting argument of alveolar cleft management is continuing regarding treatment planning with timing, graft materials, surgical techniques as well as methods of evaluation of the progress of alveolar osteoplasty. Now-a-days, experiments have made for the application of allogeneic bone, artificial bone, and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP), along with growth factors to diminish the donor-site morbidity associated autogenic bone grafting. The purpose of this review is to discuss about pathogenesis and aetiology of cleft defects, surgical techniques, assessment of progress of alveolar bone graft and proposed future materials for bone graft.

Forming narrow beams is a useful way for active sonar to anti-reverberation when it works in the shallow water. High-resolution adaptive beamforming with the performance of narrow beamwidths and low sidelobe levels is a better and more efficient method, particularly in the scenario where the installation space for sonar array is limited, such as hull-mounted sonar. Due to the short duration of target echo signal in the complex and varying acoustic channel, conventional adaptive beamforming methods are invalid. Therefore, this paper proposes a robust adaptive beamforming method for active sonar in single snapshot, also called the steered dominant mode rejection (STDMR). Firstly, STDMR steered the sample covariance matrix (STCM) based on wide-band focusing, which the needed number of snapshots is greatly reduced. Secondly, by partial eigendecomposition, the large eigenvalues of the STCM which are greater than the noise energy and their eigenvectors are used for dominant mode rejection (DMR). DMR is a typical eigenspace-based algorithm which has small computational load and fast convergence speed. Finally, modified with the methods of diagonal loading of 3-5dB over the noise energy and signal mismatch protection, improved the robustness of this method. Simulation and experimental data analysis shows that the STDMR method achieves narrow beams and low-level sidelobes in single snapshot. Hence, the STDMR beamformer is an appropriate implementation to use for active sonar detection systems.