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Comprehensive monitoring in virtual laboratory learning needs a task model. This model was design based on inquiry skills, social and scientific communication of prospective physics teachers. The development of these three skills is still a problem in recent research on virtual laboratory learning. This research was research and development (RD) using a preliminary study (literature studies, field surveys, and preparation of the initial product) and development of the model (within limited testing). Respondents were 54 prospective physics teachers and five physics lecturers from several universities in Indonesia. The analysis was done by descriptive qualitative, and quantitative. There are two essential parts of the task model. The first part consists of six inquiry steps, which describe the interactions between students with their virtual experiments. The second part consists of three inquiry steps that analyze how students communicate their virtual experiments through verbal, picture, and diagrammatic representations. Based on these findings, the task model's design is essential to develop inquiry skills, social and scientific communication for prospective physics teachers. The researcher can use this task model in the next step of RD.

The purpose of this paper is to share a lecturer's viewpoint on using Wizer.me and Socrative applications as an innovative teaching method integrating TPACK and Social Learning Theory (SLT) at higher education. The applications were used to teach 44 undergraduate students who registered for Cross-Cultural Management course at Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM). At first, the lecturer used Wizer.me before the class starts and requesting the students to answer several questions before coming to the class. After completing each chapter, the students requested to answer some questions using Socrative application to test their understanding level. The research revealed that at the beginning of the semester, the students not aware of these two applications. However, at the end of the semester, every student familiar with these applications and overall provided positive feedback on the usage of Wizer.me and Socrative application in the teaching and learning process. This study used IntenCheck sentiment analysis software to evaluate the students' feedback. Student's opinion on using Wizer.me and Socrative application as an innovative teaching method not explored before at UUM. Therefore, this viewpoint could provide useful insight for university lecturers to use these applications in their teaching and learning process.

This cross-sectional study aimed to validate students' metacognition awareness inventory in Heat and Temperature material. A total of 167 public senior high school students in Yogyakarta, Indonesia were selected through convenience sampling technique. The heat and temperature metacognition awareness inventory (HeTMAI) inventory consists of six factors, namely: (1) Knowledge of cognition; (2) Planning; (3) Monitoring; (4) Evaluation; (5) Debugging; and (6) Information management. HeTMAI used a 5-point Likert scale. The data was analyzed using the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) method through the Maximum Likelihood approach. All statistics were found to meet acceptance values. The four GOF indices (X[superscript 2]/df=2.36, CFI=0.97, TLI=0.97, and SRMR=0.06) have supported the fit of the six-factor HeTMAI model. Standardized factor loading (SFL), construct reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE) and discriminant values provide evidence that HeTMAI has sufficient convergent and discriminant validity. Cronbach's alpha value of 0.96 indicated HeTMAI has very adequate evidence of reliability.

The spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus occurs in all countries. This pandemic incident has been taken seriously by various sectors including in the world of education. This research is a quantitative descriptive study to explain the Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) profile of Indonesian students in online learning which is carried out in COVID-19 emergencies. The research commenced three days after the establishment of the WHO COVID-19 pandemic. The respondents were taken by accident sampling at several schools implementing online learning after the designation of this mode by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture on March 15, 2020. The schools comprised general high schools and vocational schools. The data were collected via Google Form filled out by 10th to 12th-grade students. The instrument used was a questionnaire with a scale of 1 to 5 (from absolutely disagree to absolutely agree) consisting of planning, monitoring, controlling, and reflecting aspects. There were two analytical techniques used i.e., descriptive statistics and ANOVA. The results of this study indicate that students in Indonesia still need assistance and mentoring from teachers to improve SRL. Several mentoring strategies can be applied to manage active learning. The teachers should explicitly include the process of mentoring, strengthening the students' SRL. Teachers need to be aware that online learning is not only to master certain subject matters but also to strengthen SRL.

School autonomy can not be separated from support factor. This study aimed to determine source and form of community support and contribution in realizing autonomous in Muhammadiyah schools. This research development is part of dissertation conducted with five stages: define, design, model development, model validation, and model use. The study was conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah, Sleman Regency, with 280 respondents; consist of principals, teachers, staff, students, and ministerial assemblies of "Dikdasmen." Data collection technique used: interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis techniques use quantitative inferential analysis, EFA and CFA techniques. The results showed that form and source of support for Muhammadiyah schools is internal as well as external. School support also comes from internal and external support, such as: committee, parents, stakeholders, foundation, education official, collages, and related institutions. Directly and indirectly effect, contribution of school supporting component (Bac) to be school autonomous (Kms) up to 0.30.

This study aims to determine the role of the school environment on moral and cultural literacy of elementary school students. This is descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, questionnaire, and documentation. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Data validity using triangulation. Triangulation is to ensure the data validity that takes into consideration aspects of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The subjects are 3 teachers and 27 students of 4th, 5th and 6th grade in Muhammadiyah School of Sleman Regency. The results of this study are (1) teachers-students' relationships have role to foster the character of honesty, fairness, caring, and teachers as role model for students; (2) students-students' relationships also have role to habituate good behavior to students; (3) school discipline contributes to the students' moral and cultural formation such as self-awareness, honesty, justice, responsibility, obedience to the rules, good commitment and unfazed by the changing era; and (4) these learning implements have role in self-awareness, responsibility and care, because the teaching implements provided by the teachers becomes the students' responsibility.

Mobile learning implementation at school is a must and meets what students currently need. To facilitate those conditions, teachers also need to have competencies in managing online learning. This research is a descriptive research to find out the experience of students who are prospective teachers when attending the mobile learning course supporting Moodle open source application on the topic of 'designing online learning.' Constructivist On-Line Learning Environment Survey (COLLES) questionnaire which is installed on learning management system was used to find out the learning experience. This poll includes six aspects which are relevance level, the reflective level for students, student interactivity level, tutor support level, peer support level and communication level of student and tutor (interpretation). Each aspect consists of 4 items, so there are 24 items in total. Learning strategy used is project-based learning. The final product is online learning design for physics. Analyzing data from the questionnaire, the highest score is relevance (86.54%), followed by peer support (83.65%), tutor support (78.85%), reflective thinking (73.08%), interpretation (70.19%), and the lowest one is interactivity (69.23%). This result shows that altogether students experience positive learning through online learning.

The distribution of the education quality in Indonesia is relatively uneven. This affects the quality of secondary school graduates. On the other hand, the national growth of Information Communication Technology usage in Indonesia is very high, including the use of mobile technology. This is an opportunity for the application of OER (Open Educational Resources) in learning. This study aims to look at the impact of the application of the concept of blended learning OER to motivate students, especially in learning physics. The LMS used is Quipper School. This research is the quasi-experiment using post test only for control group design. ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction) models used in this study to observe the attention factor, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. The analysis technique used is the analysis of variance (ANOVA). From this research, it is known that the application of the concept of OER in learning, will increase the motivation on the aspects of attention, relevance, and the confidence of the students. Meanwhile, the aspect of satisfaction on learning tends to be the same between applying the concept of OER when compared to the conventional learning face-to-face in the classroom. These findings indicate a positive impact of the application of the concept of OER in learning to student motivation.

There have been many studies related to the implementation of cooperative learning. However, there are still many problems in school related to the learning outcomes on science lesson, especially in physics. The aim of this study is to observe the application of science learning cycle (SLC) model on improving scientific literacy for secondary vocational schools at physics. Through this research, it will be known its influence of learning methods and contribution to the understanding of physics concepts and student independence learning. This research is a quasi-experimental design with pretest and posttest control group which the independent variable is learning the method and the dependent variable is the conceptual understanding. The result shows that there is an effect of teaching method on the dependent variable. It also shows that the conceptual understanding of the students in the treatment group who applied methods SLC is better than the control group.

Remote laboratories are a new domain that allows students and teachers to conduct experiments in hands-on exploration remotely. 43TWe studied how constructing an active and authentic learning in a remote laboratory affects prospective physics teachers' multiple representation ability. The research method used is based on 43Tthe development procedures of the ADDIE research and development model. We have designed and validated a learning design with a remote laboratory environment with 2 physics experiment apparatuses, active and authentic learning stages, multi-representation ability assessment, and remote laboratory application evaluation tools. This study implemented design-based research with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The research was conducted on 28 prospective physics teacher students. 43TIn terms of effectiveness, this learning design was able to improve 43Tsignificantly [t (28) = 7.480, p.05] in verbal, visual, and mathematics representation ability. Therefore, it can be used by lecturers and those in other science fields to improve the quality of learning and developing prospective physics teachers' multiple representation Skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The closure of educational institutions to reduce the impact of the spread of COVID-19 has brought about a change in the education administration. Shifting the face-to-face learning process to an online learning system is one method to overcome this impact. The present study aims to assess the relationship between the online learning process and the achievement of graduate competence. The study was conducted by sharing the Constructive Online Learning Environment Survey (COLLES) questionnaire, which involved 626 responses from 49 schools of pharmacy in Indonesia to the graduates and re-taker of the Pharmacy Profession Program. This questionnaire has 24 items with six domains: relevance, reflection, interactivity, tutor support, peer support, and interpretation. The data were descriptively analyzed, and to find the correlation, the Student-T test was applied. This study showed that the highest score of the Constructive Online Learning Environment Survey (COLLES) domain is relevance (4.01). The lowest score can be seen in interactivity and teacher support. There are no significant differences in COLLES domains between graduates and re-taker groups. These findings also showed that the graduates' GPA significantly influences the student study success. It can be concluded that online learning during the pandemic did not influence pharmacists' achievement of minimum competency in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores the impact of integrating smart water monitoring with internet of things (IoT) into 7th-grade science education using the problem-based learning (PBL) model. A quasi-experimental research design with a post-test-only control group is employed to compare the effectiveness of two learning groups: one using the regular PBL model and the other incorporating smart water monitoring through IoT within the PBL framework. The study includes 7th-grade students from two different secondary schools as participants. The independent variables are the regular PBL model and the PBL model with smart water monitoring using IoT. In contrast, the dependent variable is students' critical thinking skills, with prior knowledge and learning interest as covariates. Students utilize an observation worksheet for Water Quality Assessment to observe different types of water and assess their suitability or water quality. The findings reveal that integrating smart water monitoring with IoT in the PBL model significantly positively impacts students' critical thinking skills. The group of smart water monitoring students demonstrated a more considerable improvement in critical thinking skills than those following the regular PBL model. The study highlights the essential role of students' learning interest in developing necessary thinking skills. Students with higher learning interest in the science subject tend to exhibit more significant improvement in critical thinking skills after participating in learning with smart water monitoring or the regular PBL model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study investigates the influence of demographic factors, including gender, position, and year of experience on perceptions of online learning success during the pandemic. The study acknowledges that various factors, such as prior experience with online learning, technological literacy, and cultural context, influenced the perception of human resources towards online learning. The study will utilize a quantitative research approach with surveys and statistical analysis to gather and analyze data from executives managing education programs in Thai private higher education institutions. The participants in the study were executives managing education programs working in Thai private higher education institutions, including deans, vice deans, assistant deans, heads of departments, assistants to department heads, and full-time lecturers. A sample group of 213 participants will be selected using simple random sampling. Data will be collected through surveys distributed electronically to the selected participants. The survey will consist of a validated questionnaire with good content validity and reliability. Quantitative research methods will be employed to analyze the gathered data, including multivariate statistics (ANOVA), to interpret the findings. The research findings from this study will contribute to the existing literature on online learning effectiveness by examining the role of demographic factors in shaping perceptions of success in the context of the pandemic. The findings have practical implications for educational institutions in designing and implementing online learning programs during the pandemic and beyond, considering the demographic characteristics of their participants. The study suggests that institutions should consider the effects of gender, position, and year of experience in shaping perceptions and behaviours related to online learning, provide targeted support, foster collaboration and knowledge sharing, conduct ongoing research and evaluation, and adopt a multi-dimensional approach to enhance the effectiveness of online learning initiatives. Further study and contextual considerations are necessary to understand demographic factors' effects on online learning perceptions comprehensively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a leader, a principal is vital in improving teacher competence. Teachers with significantly good competence can improve the quality of their in-class learning. This research describes the principal's role in improving teacher competence in Madrasah Aliyah of Islamic Centre Bin Baz Yogyakarta (MA ICBB). The research method used qualitative research with a case study. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The subjects were comprised of seven sources, a school principal, and five teachers. The data analysis technique was data collection, reduction, representation, and conclusion. Data validity was obtained from the triangulation technique. The research result showed that 1) a principal encouraged and provided opportunities for teachers of MA ICBB to participate in training and seminars inside or outside school to increase academic competence; 2) a principal controlled and supervised the behavior and performance of teachers to improve teacher personality competence; 3) a principal conducted final semester evaluation meeting that was aimed to invite teachers in the discussion forum concerning on phenomena occurred, that was obtained from interaction and analysis of teachers toward all students in MA ICBB to enhance teacher social competence; and 4) a principal provided the opportunity for all teachers to continue the higher study, attend seminars, as well as he provided information and motivation to teachers to improve teacher professional competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building awareness among students on the issues of natural environmental phenomena has always been a challenge due to the difference in location between the student and the observed phenomena. The issues of the natural environment have been a part of the curriculum in elementary schools. One of the lessons taught on the natural environment in elementary schools is related to the water condition in various areas filled with water, such as ponds, rivers, lakes, etc. Currently, learning in the natural environment is based on text, images, and videos, and learning activities using real-time data is still rare. This study presents the development of an IoT-based Smart Water Quality application prototype. The prototype consists of conductivity, pH, oxygen levels, salinity, and turbidity sensors. The IoT prototype can also be used to automatically monitor fish, shrimp, and other species in aquaculture ponds. Using the IoT-based Smart Water Quality application prototype, teachers can enhance students' higher-order thinking skills by designing learning activities using real-time data to identify, compare, and classify various concepts or phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology development promotes different learning strategies for varying levels of education. This technology provides opportunities for more engaging learning and encourages motivation to understand concepts and values. This research focuses on the development of 3D virtual reality (VR), which explains the living environment, especially animals, in the original habitat in the context of elementary school learning. This VR application is called Zoo-VR, which can be used in various learning models to achieve learning competencies. Zoo-VR includes 30 types of animals with their original sounds and explanations in audio and text form. The animals move freely in their habitat according to natural conditions. Users can move from one place to another, approach particular objects, and run virtual menus using programs installed on Oculus. The feasibility of Zoo-VR is reviewed from the perception of teachers and students after using it. The snowball effect interview model measured the perceptions of teachers and students. The teacher's experience is observed in four aspects of the experience: conformity with the subject matter, feasible learning models, competencies, and the adequacy of menus in the application. The student experience is observed in five aspects: immersion, interest, the comfort of the tool, intention to share, and practicality of existing features. This experience gives the basis for a broader analyzing the use of Zoo-VR both in and outside the classroom. The results of the review and observation explain that Zoo-VR is feasible to apply to real learning situations. The challenge of Zoo-VR is integrating this application with learning objectives on various subjects. However, the result from the limited number of participants cannot be applied to generalize comprehensively. Studies on the application of Zoo-VR to actual learning conditions need to be carried out to reveal the real potential of VR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of education in promoting global warming awareness is important to enable students to understand and address the impact of global warming. The use of Internet of Things (IoT) with collaborative learning strategies can enhance students' understanding of global warming. This study aimed to develop an IoT-based smart weather system enhancing the critical thinking skills of elementary students. It consists of weather-measuring sensors that capture data on temperature, humidity, air pressure, light intensity, and altitude. The data is stored in the Blynk cloud and displayed on smartphones. The IoT devices are placed in three different geographic locations. This paper presents the system design, including the system architecture and user interfaces. The data captured by the IoT sensors from the three measurement sites form the foundation to promote the development of collaborative learning. This result implies the need for teachers to creatively establish learning strategies in various subjects to improve students' critical thinking skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, almost all regions of Indonesia, including Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara, and Indonesia, have implemented e-learning. However, this method has not been conducted in all schools due to the problem of uneven Internet access. Disconnection from the Internet makes it difficult to conduct this process effectively even though students have smartphones. Furthermore, the expectation of education quality improvement in sciences also gets higher with the development of today's world technology, and this cannot be avoided. Augmented reality (AR) gives a variety of opportunities to be utilized as science learning media embedded on smartphones even without an Internet connection. Therefore, this study aims at conducting an intervention towards the teachers through the training and workshops on the use of augmented reality for science learning on the topic of Global Warming. This research was an action research approach. While considering this problem, the intervention of teachers' behavior and perception was conducted through training and workshops on the use of augmented reality for science learning using a one-shot case study research design. This program had four stages: need identification, strengthening the understanding of using AR, training and workshop implementation, and evaluation. The participants of this program were 24 science teachers from 10 schools at junior high schools in Sikka Regency, Indonesia (17 females, 7 males). The marker-based AR was developed based on learning media need assessment provided by teachers. Teacher optimism was measured using a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The program's implementation led teachers to understand the use of AR in learning, significantly to develop HOTs (higher-order thinking skills) in science learning. After experiencing training and workshops, the teachers showed high optimism to use AR in science learning. The results of this study imply for the development of school policies to establish digital learning media used without the Internet on various learning issues in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The policy issued by the Ministry of Education and Culture regarding Study from Home (SFH) and Work from Home (WFH) to preventing the spread of Covid-19 is an interesting study to find out the implementation in three districts of Bangka Belitung. The selection of theree regions is based on the high number of confirmed cases of Covid-19 and these region is a central and border area. The importance of this study is expected to contribute technical, psychological, science and technology insight for Muhammadiyah Elementary School (MES) in Bangka Belitung. This study method was CIPP (Context, Input, Process, and Product) evaluation models by Stufflebeam. The data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis were fingding the same answer from various information obtained through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification and deepened with introspective reflective analysis techniques. The result showed that SFH policies can still be continued but must be supported by technical quality were related to facilitating communication tools during online learning for those experiencing economic difficulties, expanding internet networks and learning quotas, facilitating synchronous learning so that it can be accessed at a premium. The adaptability of image technology and communication in the learning process is an important requirement in implementing SFH policies. Furthermore, improve human resources (teachers) was concerned with implementing training programs for teachers to explore ICT in order to optimize online learning. The results of this research can be used as a basis and give contribution for the Government and Dikdasmen PP Muhammadiyah to consider improving the quality of education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ideal condition in physics learning should combine concepts with technology. Traditional physics learning causes students to be not interested in learning physics. There must be innovations in physics learning in order to be more interactive learning. One of them flipped classroom learning. Flipped classroom learning combined with Kahoot online games, will make students more active. The purpose of this research is to increase students' learning motivation with Kahoot-based flipped classroom learning. The method used in this research is the quasi-experimental method with the research design of The Randomized Posttest Only Control Group Design. The research finding can describe as follows: First, the flipped classroom is learning the model that combines face-to-face with e-learning to improve students' motivation in physics learning. Second, Kahoot in a flipped classroom supported as an evaluation model. Third, three main steps in applying the flipped classroom are preparing, implementing, and evaluating the design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC) of Indonesia issued a policy for online learning in all schools, including provinces with limited internet facilities. This study aims to explain the readiness of elementary school teachers in the rural or remote areas in applying online learning. The method used in this study is was ex-post facto. Technology readiness is was measured based on four factors: Optimism (4 items), Innovativeness (4 items), Discomfort (4 items), and Insecurity (4 items). The Likert scale ranged from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree). The analysis used Two-way ANOVA and Cluster Analysis. Data from field observations were used to provide a deeper explanation of the statistical analysis. The analysis shows that three segments appear namely Explorers, Pioneers, and Laggards. The immediate implementation of the online learning has caused the Skeptics and Paranoid segments not appear. This study implies that educational policy-makers need to pay attention to the Internet access and the availability of mobile phones as constraints in online learning in rural or remote areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to 1) explore the process of developing public relation management (PR) implemented by the school to build school image 2) find out the implications of the image built by the school for the school progress, 3) provide the solution for the public relation management to build the image. This study applies a qualitative method with a case study approach at SD Unggulan Aisyiyah Bantul, an Indonesian private elementary school. Data collection techniques are done by interviewing and collecting digital documents from the Facebook account and Instagram account. Purposive sampling done in selecting participant and triangulation is used to check the validity of the data. The results illustrate that the school applies public relation management through planned steps, those are: setting goals, organizing teamwork, skill-based task force division, planning strategies, and maximizing the use of social media. A school's image has some implications for increasing the number of students, increasing school performance, improving the quality of school staff, expanding the school network, saving promotion costs, and school competitiveness. This study offers a solution in applying public relation by optimizing digital platforms to implement public relation management to build school image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The distribution of the education quality in Indonesia is relatively uneven. This affects the quality of secondary school graduates. On the other hand, the national growth of Information Communication Technology usage in Indonesia is very high, including the use of mobile technology. This is an opportunity for the application of OER (Open Educational Resources) in learning. This study aims to look at the impact of the application of the concept of blended learning OER to motivate students, especially in learning physics. The LMS used is Quipper School. This research is the quasy experiment using post test only for control group design. ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction) models used in this study to observe the attention factor, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. The analysis technique used is the analysis of variance (ANOVA). From this research, it is known that the application of the concept of OER in learning, will increase the motivation on the aspects of attention, relevance, and the confidence of the students. Meanwhile, the aspect of satisfaction on learning tends to be the same between applying the concept of OER when compared to the conventional learning face-to-face in the classroom. These findings indicate a positive impact of the application of the concept of OER in learning to student motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teacher ability to arrange learning environmet will affect the student's interest in learning as well in utilizing mobile technology. The purpose of this research is to develop mobile learning using the cooperative learning approach especially the Jigsaw technique. The method of this research is development research using ADDIE model. The application was validated by experts for technical aspects and also students from two different grades, i.e grade VII and grade VIII on physics subject for application acceptance responses. The results showed that both technically and application acceptance were at good levels, meaning that this mobile cooperative learning application can used to enhance student's learning interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has garnered considerable attention for their ability to manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves, effectively establishing virtual line-of-sight (LoS) paths to mitigate wireless signal attenuation caused by path loss and shadowing. RIS consists of low-cost, passive, controllable dielectric patches, usually referred to as unit cells. However, RIS often exhibits relatively low gains in practice, necessitating the use of a dimensionally large RIS with hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousands of unit cells to achieve significant performance improvements. Additionally, most of the existing RIS prototypes are designed to work optimally only at a single frequency, limiting their applicability across different bands. This letter introduces a low-loss, miniaturized, dual-band RIS unit cell design operating at 5.8 GHz and 7.3 GHz. The unit cell is equipped with an integrated radiofrequency (RF) choke to prevent unnecessary losses. Each unit cell measures 13 × 13mm2, approximately 0.25 λ of the 5.8 GHz frequency. The proposed design is capable of shifting the phase of incident EM waves by 180° at both frequencies while maintaining minimal losses. By simulations, we demonstrate the ability of the proposed RIS design to perform beamsteering across various angles in both frequency bands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]