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Introduction: There are various types of errors within the hospital setting, one of them is the impact of medication prescription errors in the emergency department, which can generate additional costs for the health unit, the patient and family members. Objective: Describe the errors associated with the prescription of medication in a gynecology emergency area of a public hospital, Ecuador, 2018. Methods: Descriptive correlational research, with cross-sectional design and intentional sampling. Population made up of 4802 medical records, from which a sample of 201 files was taken. A validated form was applied based on Ruiz - Jarabo 2000 Group. For the statistical analysis, descriptive analyzes were made with frequency values, percentages and measures of central tendency / dispersion. Results: A frequency of medical prescription error in the gynecological emergency service of 51.2% was determined. Of this, antibiotics are the therapeutic group with the most PE (35.8%; p=0.003); 27.9% of the EP appear when the letter is illegible (p=0000). Regarding the schedule, more deficiencies are made in the afternoon (30.3%; p=0.000), while errors in relation to the medical prescriber presented a non-significant P value. Conclusions: More than half of the medical prescriptions in some type of error, which can be preventable. It was identified that the indications or recommendations of the clinical practice guidelines are not followed as a basis for good prescribing practice, being a useful tool for exposing errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]