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Background: Dengue fever and scrub typhus are endemic diseases in India. The aim was to study and compare clinical, biochemical, and hematological parameters between the dengue and dengue-scrub study groups. Materials and Methods: A retrospective hospital-based, cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care rural center. Various clinical, biochemical, and hematological parameters of dengue patients with random selection as the control group were compared with the dengue-scrub coinfection group (46 cases) as cases. The statistical significance was determined using an independent t-test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The t-test and the Mann–Whitney U-test were used. Results: Among the 86 cases (2.05%), scrub and dengue contributed 46 cases, followed by 27 cases of COVID-19 and dengue, four cases of malaria and scrub, three cases of malaria and dengue, and a single case of dengue with typhoid and leptospirosis with dengue. Serum albumin (P = 0.003, moderate effect size), serum globulin (P = 0.001, large effect size), alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.001, moderate effect size), and serum urea (P = 0.012, moderate effect size) levels were significantly different between only dengue and dengue-scrub group. In addition, the difference in hemoglobin levels, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, platelet count, cell variables, and ratios of those with dengue and scrub versus those with only dengue was significant (P < 0.05) with moderate-to-large effect size. Conclusion: Certain biochemical and hematological parameters such as albumin, globulin, alkaline phosphatase, platelet count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet lymphocyte ratio can be used to support the diagnosis of coinfection (dengue-scrub).

Background: Diabetes is the leading cause of death and disability among cardiovascular disease patients. By 2025, India will have people with diabetes to one in every five diabetics worldwide. Aim: The study examines the relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in type 2 diabetes patients. Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional observational study. Materials and Methods: Over 2 years, 345 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who gave informed consent and met the inclusion criteria were studied. The HbA1c test was performed using ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. Electrocardiogram and two-dimensional echocardiography were used to evaluate cardiac dysfunctions. The relationship between potential variables and outcomes was determined using logistic regression. Statistical Analysis: All statistical analyses were carried out using STATA version 13 (College Station, TX: Stata Corp LP). Results: Mean HbA1c levels were found to be higher in patients with LVDD (10.40% ± 4.25%) compared to normal LVDD (7.51% ±3.18%) (P = 0.004) in the current study. The predicted left ventricular (LV) function with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.883. Conclusions: LVDD is a common finding in people with type 2 diabetes. LVDD causes various cardiac complications, including LV hypertrophy, which is concerning. The current findings suggest that HbA1c is a reliable predictor of LVDD that can be used for screening in resource-limited areas where echocardiography is unavailable. In addition, regular HbA1c screening and blood sugar control can help prevent cardiovascular complications caused by LVDD in type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: There is no surrogate biological marker for detecting stroke. Because of this, mean platelet volume (MPV) and RDW may be used to predict the occurrence of stroke. Aim: This study aims to see if there is a link between platelet volume and acute ischemic stroke, as well as between red cell distribution width and acute ischemic stroke. Setting and Design: This was a cross-sectional study from February 2021 to January 2023. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the role of mean platelet volume and red cell distribution width in acute ischemic stroke. Statistical Analysis: For the analysis, SPSS version 20 was utilized. Results: A total of 300 patients were included in this study. The small vessel infarct (9.05 ± 1.24 fL) had less MPV than the large vessel infarct (9.10 ± 1.10 fL), but there was no statistically significant difference between the two (P = 0.74). The average red blood cell width was lower in minor stroke infarcts (15.06% ±2.01%) than in large stroke infarcts (15.5% ±7.26%), but no statistically significant difference was found in the study. Fifty-three (17.67%) patients had a deadly outcome, and 247 (82.33%) had been cured when a final diagnosis was made. Conclusions: Stroke is the world’s leading cause of mortality, caused by cerebral vascular blockage or hemorrhage. However, there is no biological substitute marker for stroke diagnosis. RDW and MPV are potential biomarkers for this function and can forecast the incidence of stroke.

Fungal empyema (FE), which has a death rate of 70%, is still a rare condition. FE is a rare cause of empyema. Its association with chronic pancreatitis in immunocompetent patients is rarely reported. This rare case is reported from the tertiary care hospital in central rural India. We present the case of a 40-year-old male known alcoholic with chronic pancreatitis who presented with dyspnea, fever, and left-sided localized chest pain for 2 months. Pleural fluid cytology revealed periodic acid–Schiff and Giemsa stain-positive fungal hyphae morphologically appear to be Candida albicans. Candida empyema thoracic in an immunocompetent patient with chronic pancreatitis responded well to early treatment with pleurocentesis and intravenous fluconazole.

Gaucher′s disease is the most frequent sphingolipid storage disease. We present a case of type 1 non-neuropathic type of adult Gaucher′s disease patient with atypical presentation.