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Terrestrial laser scanning is a potential emerging technology increasingly used in several applications, including reverse engineering, digital reconstruction, deformation monitoring, forensic crime scene preservation, and construction (AEC) applications. The data tolerance accepted in these applications ranges from tens of millimeters (e.g., historical monument digitization) to tens of micrometers (e.g., industrial high-precision manufacturing and assembling). Instrument mechanism, atmospheric conditions, object surface characteristics, and scan geometry are the four main factors that affect the laser point clouds produced by the Time of Flight (TOF) 3D laser scanner. Consequently, research groups worldwide have put a significant effort into modeling the sources of TOF-TLS errors and design-specific performance evaluation methodologies. This paper investigated the influence of scanning geometry parameterized by incidence angle and the range on the quality of TOF-TLS data in industrial sites. The quality of an indoor sample dataset of an industrial case study was studied and assessed. The results showed that the incidence angle and range parameters substantially impacted the quality of the TOF-TLS data. The suggested methodology can accurately correct the laser data to eliminate the incidence angle and range effects. A revised and optimized point cloud dataset was reconstructed by utilizing these features in conjunction with the approximated quality of the individual points. Furthermore, when assessing the quality of individual point clouds, the accuracy validation obtained through the RMSE value was 3 mm based on ground-truth reference points. On the other hand, the standard deviation values computed through the Multi-Scale Model-to-model cloud (M3C2) analysis were revealed to reach 1mm, which shows better performance results than the Cloud-to-Cloud (C2C) and Cloud-to-Model (C2M) comparison analysis. However, the proposed method may result in the elimination of several significant laser points. These points of high incidence angle values are not eliminated in every instance. The effect of scanning geometry, represented by the angle of incidence with the normalized intensity of the scanning points, should be studied intensively in future studies. ABSTRAK: Terestrial pengimbas laser adalah teknologi yang berpotensi besar dalam pelbagai aplikasi, termasuk kejuruteraan balikan, rekonstruksi digital, pengawasan perubahan bentuk, pemeliharaan tempat kejadian jenayah forensik, dan aplikasi konstruksi (AEC). Penerimaan data toleransi dalam aplikasi ini adalah dalam julat lingkungan beberapa milimeter (cth: digitalisasi monumen sejarah) sehingga beberapa mikrometer (cth: industri pembuatan berkejituan tinggi dan pemasangan). Mekanisme alatan, keadaan atmosfera, ciri-ciri permukaan objek, dan geometri pengimbas adalah empat faktor utama yang memberi kesan terhadap gumpalan asap titik laser terhasil daripada masa terbang (TOF) 3D pengimbas laser. Oleh itu, kumpulan pengkaji sedunia telah berusaha bersungguh-sungguh dalam pemodelan sumber ralat TOF-TLS dan mereka kaedah penilaian prestasi reka bentuk tertentu. Kajian ini dipengaruhi oleh geometri pengimbas berparameter sudut tuju dan julat kualiti data TOF-TLS dalam kawasan industri. Kualiti sampel set data dalam bangunan menggunakan kajian pembelajaran industri telah diteliti dan dinilai. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan sudut tuju dan julat parameter sangat mempengaruhi kualiti data TOF-TLS. Kaedah yang dicadangkan ini dapat memperbetulkan arah secara tepat iaitu kesan pengurangan sudut tuju dan julat. Set data rawak titik yang diubah dan dioptimumkan telah dibina semula dengan menggunakan ciri-ciri ini bersempena kualiti anggaran titik-titik individu. Tambahan, apabila menaksir kualiti titik rawak individu, pengesahan ketepatan yang diperoleh melalui nilai RMSE dijumpai sebanyak 3 mm berdasarkan titik-titik panduan kesahihan bumi. Di samping itu, nilai sisihan piawai yang dikira melalui analisis Model-ke-model Skala-Pelbagai Rawak (M3C2) didapati mencapai 1 mm, di mana menunjukkan dapatan prestasi lebih baik berbanding analisis Rawak-ke-rawak (C2C) dan Rawak-ke-Model (C2M) secara bandingan. Walau bagaimanapun, kaedah yang dicadangkan ini mungkin menyebabkan penyisihan beberapa titik laser penting. Titik-titik ini yang mempunyai nilai sudut tuju yang tinggi adalah tidak disisihkan pada setiap masa. Kesan pengimbas geometri, merupakan sudut tuju dengan keamatan ternormal titik-titik pengimbas, perlu dikaji dengan lebih lanjut pada masa depan.

In recent years, the extensive need for high-quality acquisition platforms for various 3D mapping applications has rapidly increased, especially in sensor performance, portability, and low cost. Image-based UAV sensors have overwhelming merits over alternative solutions for their high timeline and resilience data acquisition systems and the high-resolution spatial data they can provide through extensive Computer Vision (CV) data processing approaches. However, applying this technique, including the appropriate selection of flight mission and image acquisition parameters, ground settings and targeting, and Structure from Motion- Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS) post-processing, must be optimized to the type of study site and feature characteristics. This research focuses on optimizing the application of UAV-SfM photogrammetry in an urban area on the east bank of the Tigris River in the north region of Iraq following optimized data capturing plan and SfM-MVS photogrammetric workflow. The research presented the practical application of optimized flight planning, data acquisition, image processing, accuracy analysis, and evaluation based on ground truth targets designed for the proposed optimal routine. This includes investigating the influence of the number and distribution of GCPs, flying heights, and processing parameters on the quality of the produced 3D data. The research showed the potential of low-budget and affordable UAV devices to deliver robust 3D products in a relatively short period by demonstrating the value of UAV-based image techniques when contributed to CV algorithms. The results showed powerful outcomes with validation errors reaching a centimeter-level from 100 m flying height when applying the optimized flight plan settings and the appropriate selection of the number and distribution of GCPs. The study established a streamlined UAV mapping procedure, demonstrated the viability of UAV use for 3D mapping applications, offered suggestions for enhancing future applications, and offered clues as to whether or not UAVs could serve as a viable alternative to conventional ground-based surveying techniques in accurate applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A geodetic transformation is a mathematical operation that takes coordinates of a point in one coordinate system and returns the same coordinates in another coordinate system. This study aimed to show the compatibility between global positioning system coordinates and the local maps in Iraq; this compatibility will be made for locations in the Babil province. In the study area, fifteen control points have been chosen. GPS measures geographic and projected coordinates depending on the Universal Transverse Mercator projection and the World Geodetic System 1984 datum. In Iraq, the measured geographic coordinates are converted to projected coordinates using a geographic information system based on Clarke 1880 ellipsoid. To facilitate the conversion of the coordinates, both formulas and parameters are provided for any point in the study area between the two systems using a GPS receiver and the ArcGIS software. The present study shows that the differences in easting coordinates are about -287.630 m, while the differences in northing coordinates reach 278.525 m. It was concluded that the various datums might play a significant role in producing maps and updating those maps for engineering works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional techniques of manually extracting characteristics from monitoring data need skill in signal processing and previous knowledge in failure detection, which is seldom possible on a machinery big data platform. As a result, a unique approach for automatically extracting adaptive fault characteristics from monitoring data and intelligently diagnosing fault patterns is projected to accomplish rotating equipment problem identification on a machinery big data platform. This study is focused on knowledge acquired from vibration analysis and applying towards condition monitoring techniques. Results showed 99.87% accuracy level of vibration that improves the performance of motor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of the size and wt.% of reinforcement particles on the wear characteristics of Al2021 alloy composites. Composites of Al2021 reinforced with B4C particles of varied sizes (45 and 90 microns) were synthesised utilising a unique two-stage stir cast technique. The composites were primed with B4Cc content of 5 and 10 wt.%. The microstructural characterisation of Al2021 alloy with B4C composites of 45 and 90-micron sizes was conducted using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). In addition, wear and worn morphology tests were conducted to examine the impact of particle size on the behaviour of Al2021 alloy. Furthermore, another set of wear studies was conducted with the load maintained at 40N and the sliding speeds changed from 100 to 400 rpm. The microstructural analysis disclosed that the particles in the Al2021 alloy were evenly distributed, and the presence of elements was verified using EDS spectra. Using B4C particles of different sizes enhanced wear characteristics with resistance to wear. The load and the speed affected the wear behaviour of every prepared sample. The morphological analysis of the worn samples recognised multiple wear mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En el marco de las líneas de demarcación geográficas, lingüísticas, culturales, interpersonales e incluso íntimas, la representación de las diversas formas de abordar las fronteras es una de las marcas de la riqueza de la literatura mundial en lengua francesa. Este es particularmente el caso de la poesía, la narración y la novela de la que analizamos algunos autores ejemplares como Jean-Fernand Brierre, Assia Djebar, Clara Ness y Driss Chraïbi. La consideración de determinadas obras teóricas de Glissant, Spivak y Saïd nos permite demostrar que entre las mayores constantes en la representación de la relación con las fronteras de las que aquí hablamos encontramos: la experiencia del dolor, incluso del duelo; el uso de prosopopoeia; y el coraje de la resistencia.

The remote sensing technique is crucial for creating maps showing land use and land cover from a procedure known as image classification. For the process of image classification to be successful, many aspects must be taken into consideration; one of these factors is the availability of high-quality Landsat images. This study aims to classify and map the studied area's land use and cover using remote sensing and geographic information system techniques. This study is divided into two parts: part one focuses on classifying land use and land cover, while part two evaluates how accurate the classification is. Several classification methods are compared for their efficacy in this study. Some image classification methods have shown promising results when used to remote sensing data. An efficient classifier is necessary for extracting data from remote-sensing images. The maximum likelihood classification was the most effective classifier in our study. In this study, the Maximum Likelihood classification accuracy has achieved an overall accuracy of 91% and an overall kappa accuracy of 86.83%. This study provides essential data for planners and decision-makers to design sustainable environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of the literary representation of drugs, their raison d’être, their effects, and their consequences, this study will mainly address key texts by Baudelaire and Gautier, two of the boldest explorers of ivresse in the nine eenth century who wer both participants in the Club des hachichins under the tutelage of Dr. Moreau. The condition of possibility of their liminal experiences is the taking of drugs that allows them to get lost, voluntarily, in a space beyond the landmarks of conventional thought on the moving, and often untenable, threshold between reason and madness. Dans le cadre de la représentation littéraire de la drogue, de ses raisons d’être, de ses effets et de ses conséquences, cette étude traitera principalement de textes clés de Baudelaire et de Gautier, deux explorateurs de l’ivresse parmi les plus intrépides du XIXè siècle et participants au Club de hachichins sous la tutelle du Dr. Moreau. La condition de possibilité de leurs expériences liminales, c’est la prise de stupéfiants qui leur permettent de se perdre, volontairement, dans un espace situé au-delà des repères de la pensée conventionnelle sur le seuil mouvant, et souvent intenable, entre raison et dé-raison.

La producción literaria de Rimbaud no es un cuerpo de trabajo autónomo que pueda ser aislado del mundo revolucionario en el que está escrito. Lejos de ser un ejemplo de l´art pour l´art, su obra, tanto práctica como teórica, muestra el apoyo constante del poeta a los movimientos históricos radicales, en particular a la Comuna de París, que siguió muy de cerca. Rimbaud mostró especialmente un intenso interés en una crítica de gran alcance del trabajo. La figura de "l´éclair" es uno de los loci donde el enlace entre su poética y su política es más visible Descarga Rimbaud.pdf

Photogrammetry is an approach that can determine the size and the shape of objects through analyzing images recorded by a photographic or video camera.This paper studies measuring and evaluating the structure by using analytical close range photogrammetry method since it is characterized by; high precision, low effort and cost, as well as the possibility of measuring and / or assessing inaccessible places.The objective of the present study is toassess the distortion that occur during projects execution in compare with charts and designs and detect the problem by using (DCRP) with high precision to make a decision to keep or stop working.Several methods can be applied in data processing to determine 3D coordinates of object points for two or more images. To evaluate data processing using four commercial software (LPS, PhotoModeler, Photogrammetric MATLAB and AutoCAD Civil 3D). Also to overcome the difficulty of obtaining Ground Control Points (GCPs) that covers the photogrammetric object, a Portable Control System (PCS) had been established.Using a single camera Canon EOS 500D with image size is (4752 x 3168) pixels to capturing images. Two approaches used for 3D assessment of structure (single model and all models). This study depended structure of directorate of engineering projects at the university of technology this structures represented the study area.The results of analysis processes (3D model) will help the researcher to detect the distortion and suggest the proper solution for dissolve and develop it. The precision obtained from this results show high precision. The results are very promising ranges between (0.18 – 1.77) mm.

The optical fiber is a very attractive communication medium since it offers a large bandwidth and low attenuation, and can therefore facilitate demanding services such as high-quality video transmission and others in computer networks. In this paper, a performance analysis of an optical gigabit ethernet performance using longer wavelength (C-Band) instead of O and E bands, and high Extinction Ratio (Er) value is presented. This performance analysis is represented by decrease the bit-error rate (BER), increase the number of nodes in the network, and increase the backbone cable length. Simulation results show improvement in the performance of the network when using 1550nm wavelength over the 1330nm wavelength for 1Gbps and 10Gbps. In addition, the results are compared for different values of Er where, higher values of Er give better performance. The work is software implemented using optical system simulator packet (OPTSIM 3.6) .

In Lélia (1833), a formally hybrid and remarkably sustained exploration of pas-sion, faith, and skepticism, Sand challenges her own normative binary distinctions between urban excitement and pastoral calm. Through a consideration of the existential experience, the psychological effect, and the metaphysical meaning of living life too quickly, Lélia demonstrates that passions, when poorly extinguished, can reignite even in the calmest of settings, while the thirst for wisdom and the power of self-reflection can resurface in the midst of cosmopolitan courtesan life-style. The city thus represents more than the locus of urgency, contingency, and action; and the countryside serves as more than the haven for measured thought, retired activity, and deeper wisdom.

The article aims to estimate the coefficient bounds for the second Hankel determinant by using the class of bi-close-to-convex functions of a complex order in the open unit disk. Making the direct application of Carathéodory function along with the closely related properties of starlike functions, we obtain the upper bound for the second Hankel determinant via certain subclass of bi-close-to-convex functions of complex order. The study discusses the maximization of the second Hankel determinant in both conventional graph and analytic methods. Moreover, we explore and modify some results on the study of bi-close-to-convex functions and its second degree Hankel determinant. At the end of the article, we remark on improvement in the earlier work of some researchers and discover a better value than the one they obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a literary criticism of the novel "L'Éducation sentimentale" by French author Gustave Flaubert. In particular, it discusses prostitution and prostitutes in the novel from the women's point of view and in connection to sexual commodification, the buying and selling of kidnapped women as sex slaves. The author argues that Flaubert used this practice to highlight what he termed a crisis of memory.

Background: The quickening pace of change and adoption of western lifestyles by people in developing countries has led to a sharp rise in the incidence of hypertension. Yet epidemiological studies using validated methods are rare especially in Central Africa.Methods: The prevalence of hypertension, according to the World Health Organization definition (systolic blood pressure [SBP] > or = 160, diastolic [DBP] > or = 95 mmHg), was estimated by a population-based survey in 1798 Cameroonian subjects aged 25-74 years. There were 746 individuals from a rural area (308 men, 438 women) and 1052 (461 men, 591 women) from an urban area.Results: The response rate was 95% and 91% for the rural and urban populations respectively. The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in the urban than in the rural area. It was 16.4% (95% CI: 11.6-21.2) in urban men and 12.1% (95% CI: 7.9-16.2) in urban women, while it was 5.4% (95% CI: 2.9-8.0) in rural men and 5.9% (95% CI: 3.8-8.0) in women. Borderline hypertension (SBP 140-160, DBP 90-95 mmHg) was detected in 7.4% (95% CI: 4.4-10.4) and 6.6% (3.1-10.2) of urban, and 7.3% (95% CI: 4.7-9.9) and 2.9% (95% CI: 1.5-4.4) of rural men and women respectively.Conclusions: These results indicate that hypertension is still uncommon in rural Cameroon but occurs frequently in the urban community, reaching a proportion comparable with industrialized urban communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]