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The article discusses the principle of ordinality in interregional Financing for a more efficient management of public resources in Spain with a focus on provision of certain public services and stability of the public finances in Spain. The article also focuses on the current principle of interregional solidarity in terms of per capita funding and financing of autonomous communities in Spain.

The chauffeur-driven vehicle service ("VTC service") has undergone significant changes over the last ten years since the emergence of information society services. This technological development has raised a series of economic, environmental and social challenges that partly explain the constant adjustments to the applicable law. This article summarises the requirements to access VTC services in Spain, as well as the specific rules applicable in the Autonomous Regions of Andalusia, Catalonia and Madrid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Bilingual Project, launched by the Autonomous Community of Madrid in 2004, aims to provide equal opportunities to learn English in order to make all students competitive in the increasingly global and competing market. However, the Project seems to exacerbate structural problems -school segregation, socioeconomic inequalities, disability-related discrimination and learning difficulties to assimilate curricular contents- that endanger important values in a democratic educational system, such as equality and justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodistico is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study is to gain insight into the legal measures taken to cater for disabled students in compulsory education in the autonomous communities of Spain during the last trimester of the 2019-2020 school year. A comparative methodology was employed, with an analysis based on six dimensions determined a priori: adaptations for curriculum access, adaptation of curricula, Universal Design for Learning, project-based learning, teacher support, and family support. The results indicate disparity between the autonomous communities of Spain, and that not all UNESCO strategies to address barriers and offer inclusive responses during the school closures caused by the COVID-19 crisis were taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the European Union has gradually overcome its «federal blindness» (Landes-blindheit), the participation of peripheral territorial authorities has yet to be perfected. This paper shows a comparative study of the bottom-up participation of Lander and autonomous communities in the European Union. While the German legal system encourages and facilitates internal (or indirect) participation, in Spain, the channels of external (or direct) participation essentially prevail. After exposing the existing ways of participation in both States, a critical conclusion is drawn to evaluate the interest and adaptation of the mechanisms and responses of one system in the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Efficient use of public resources is clearly a relevant issue to be studied from several points of view. Among others, it accounts for a significant share of the total economy activity and it deals with non-market oriented activities. In Spain, the regional level is particularly relevant due to the progressive decentralization of key public policies constituting the welfare state (as education, health, etc.) and their increasing financing needs, at the same time with important differences in fiscal capacity between them. Moreover, they mostly share (15 of 17) a common financing system in which an efficient use of resources is assumed but not evaluated. Our results show that normally a few of the regions tend to be the top performers, but there no regions performing poorly in every aspect. It is also worth noting that no dramatic changes can be seen in terms both of expenditure and performance during the recent Great Recession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article develops a methodological critique of a widespread measurement of national identity through surveys, the so-called "Linz-Moreno question" (LMQ) and of its epistemological foundation, the theory of "dual identity". We chose Spain as a case study for our research because of its internal variability in terms of identity feelings between its regions and the availability of quality data. We have divided the seventeen Spanish Autonomous Communities (ACs) into four groups, in accordance to their identity structure. We present two big groups of ACs, one including the ACs with primacy of nationwide nationalistic feelings, and the other one containing those ACs with significant presence of sub-state nationalisms. Then, we divide each of these categories into two, attending to the strength of their identity feelings. Using qualitative methodologies, we found differences in the reproduction process of nationalism for each group of ACs, what strengthens the validity of our classification. Finally, we tested our main hypothesis with a multinomial logistic regression that provides empirical evidence showing that the LMQ is not a good indicator of national identity for weakly nationalized ACs. We conclude that the dual identity theory hides relevant differences related to the hierarchy and nature of collective identities in modern societies. Consequently, we should problematize merely descriptive analyses of collective identities and begin to treat national identity as an ideological expression of nationalism. The critique of the LMQ presented in this article wants to contribute to a better measurement of identities in modern societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge plays a vital role as the key to long-term economic development, at both the national and regional levels. Furthermore, the new circumstances require the exercise of mature citizenship at an intellectual level and responsible citizenship in the political sphere. By its very nature, science education can make a decisive contribution towards achieving the two goals of economic development and civic progress. From this dual perspective, this work analyses the data from PISA 2015. Its aim is to provide an empirical analysis of the relative positions of the 17 Spanish autonomous communities in terms of science education. It focuses on three main variables and how they are related: students' performance in science, their epistemic conceptions, and their STEM vocations. A number of recommendations for improvement policies and practices relating to this evidence are made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The constitutional configuration of the State as a social State is reflected In the so-called clause of social transformation of Article 9.2 In the Spanish Constitute, which establishes a mandate of action for all public authorities. The responsibility for the realization of the purposes of the social State corresponds to both the State and the Autonomous Regions In the exercise of their respective competences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the aftermath of the War of Spanish Succession, with a focus on territorial control in the region of Catalonia, Spain, during the period from 1715-1719. The author comments on the unification of the kingdoms of Aragón and Castile by King Philip V, who sought to centralize monarchical authority in the country.

This article assesses the utility of adjusting the poverty threshold for regional areas of Spain and of using thresholds anchored in time. It also offers a critical review of equivalence scales as a central element in estimating poverty. To do this, data from the Income and Living Conditions Surveys from 2007 to 2012 is used. The results show that poverty rates obtained with national thresholds are strongly influenced by intra-regional inequalities in income. They also show that regional thresholds capture differences in the well-being of the population, controlling for the effects of regional disparities in economic development. In addition, they demonstrate that anchored thresholds avoid inconsistencies in poverty rates tied to changes in income levels of the general population and not to changes in socially necessary resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Historia Contemporanea is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Derecho Politico is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The tax on large commercial establishments rated by the Spanish Autonomous Communities 15 years ago has gone through constant controversy ever since it was approved, when certain doubts about its constitutionality made a start. Once these doubts have been deemed by the Constitutional Court, a new controversy over the tax validity has risen up in the light of the European Union Law, specially when it comes to the important right of freedom of establishment and State aid, which has been terminated with the proposal of a preliminary question by the Spanish Supreme Court to the Court of Justice of the European Union and notices given by the European Commission to this respect. This article tries to complete a sweeping study of this tax comparing it with the European Union Law, in order to value the possibility of preserving or eliminating it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. To assess the knowledge of health professionals attending patients with dual disorders about specific resources for patients with this condition in different Spanish regions. Methods. Observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study to compare the perceptions of healthcare professionals (n=659) with reality regarding specific resources available for patients with dual disorders in Spain. The professionals completed an online questionnaire. Nineteen commissioners and managers responsible for national and regional substance abuse programs also completed the questionnaire. Results. A representative sample of professionals from each community (553 centers in 235 Spanish cities) participated in the study. Most participants (93.2%) felt that specific resources for patients with dual disorders are needed. High percentages of professionals thought that there were no specific workshops (88.4%), subacute units (83.1%), day hospitals (82.8%), specific day centers (78.5%), or outpatient programs (73.2%) for patients with dual disorders. The real knowledge of professionals regarding the existence of specific resources varied according to the type of resource and autonomous community. The professionals generally underestimated the number of units available in their communities. Conclusions. There were clear differences in the real knowledge that healthcare professionals had about the resources available for patients with dual disorders in relation to the autonomous community where they were practicing. Actions are needed to harmonize knowledge nationally, for example, a single registry, white paper, or a national program for patients with dual disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The division of cultural policy between different levels of administration and the coordination between them in federal countries is a relatively neglected area of research, even though the cultural sphere always requires a balanced combination of autonomy and governance. A particularly interesting case of this equilibrium arises in Spain; often described as a quasi-federal system, both regarding its model of state and within the sphere of cultural policy. However, we demonstrate that, despite the broadly decentralized development of cultural administration in Spain--a plurinational and multicultural state--different recent judicial and political processes are distorting the quasi-federalism constructed over the past three decades. We also show that there is a growing tendency to recentralize and to promote a single cultural conception of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to identify the different behaviors of the Autonomous Communities of Spain regarding self-employment generated in the sphere of the Social Economy, and to attempt to establish behavior patterns according to the economic situation of each region. A cluster analysis was performed, incorporating variables that relate the territory and the Social Economy and focusing on the years 2007 (before the crisis) and 2013. Differences in the evolution of the Autonomous Communities for the period under review are among the main results, and are due largely to differences in the sector's treatment by the institutional framework and to the specific characteristics of each territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The so called federal (or state) coercion is an exceptional tool recognized by the law in favour of the Federal or Central Government in order to ensure respect for the law by all the political-territorial entities members of the Federation or State (Länder in Germany and autonomous Communities in Spain). Its connection with the principle of federal loyalty is evident; in fact, the adoption of coercive measures presupposes normally the existence of an unfair action by any of these political-territorial entities. Ultimately, what is at stake is the guarantee of the unity of the state, foundation of the whole legal system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo analiza decretos y sentencias en Derecho de Salud y Alimentación de España y Portugal emitidos entre octubre 2014 y enero 2015. Los temas tratados incluyen el real decreto 971/2014 de España sobre el procedimiento para la autorización de productos fitosanitarios, la ley 51/2014 de Portugal que regula los dispositivos médicos para diagnóstico in vitro y la sentencia 181/2014 del Tribunal Constitucional de España sobre la Ley de Farmacia de la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía, España.

The judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union of 3 September 2014 in the case of Commission vs. Spain is an important precedent in the area of taxation and constitutional law. For the first time, the Court of Justice has declared a breach of free movement of capital rules as a result of the combination of central and regional provisions governing a tax. The judgment has relevant consequences for the future of transferred taxes to Autonomous Communities, but also for other regulated areas in strongly decentralized Member States [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo analiza decretos y sentencias en Derecho del Medio Ambiente de España emitidos entre mayo 2008 y enero 2009. Se incluyen la Ley 30/2014 que reglamenta la conservación de los parques nacionales, las leyes 11/2014 y 8/2014 de prevención ambiental de las comunidades autónomas de Aragón y Castilla y León respectivamente, así como varias sentencias que sientan jurisprudencia sobre el proceso de evaluación de impacto ambiental.

El artículo analiza diversos decretos y sentencias en Derecho Administrativo de España emitidos entre marzo y diciembre de 2014. Los temas discutidos incluyen el Real Decreto 876/2014 que desarrolla la Ley de Costas, en particular su papel en la protección de los terrenos costeros de propiedad pública; el Real Decreto-ley 17/2014 sobre financiamiento de las Comunidades Autónomas; y una sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional sobre autonomía local para la creación de un parque natural.

Copyright of Revista de Derecho UNED is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bordón: Journal of Education / Revista de Pedagogía is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Pedagogia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El artículo analiza diversos decretos y sentencias que sientan jurisprudencia en el área de Derecho del Medio Ambiente de España emitidos entre febrero y agosto de 2014. Los temas tratados incluyen la Ley 11/2014 de responsabilidad medioambiental que adapta a España las disposiciones de la Unión Europea al respecto, sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional sobre la técnica de factura hidráulica o fracking con aplicación en las comunidades autónomas y sentencia sobre prospecciones petrolíferas.

El artículo analiza decretos y sentencias en Derecho Administrativo de España emitidos entre marzo y septiembre de 2014. Algunos temas tratados son la Ley Básica de Cámaras Oficiales de Comercio, Industria, Servicios y Navegación, con especial aplicación en las comunidades autónomas, la Ley General de Telecomunicaciones y jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo y el Tribunal Constitucional de España sobre protección de los derechos fundamentales, contratación pública y fractura hidráulica.

El artículo analiza diversos decretos y sentencias en el área de Derecho Inmobiliario y Urbanismo de la Unión Europea, España y Portugal emitidos entre diciembre de 2013 y abril de 2014. Los temas discutidos incluyen la directiva 2014/17/UE sobre contratos de crédito garantizados con hipoteca, leyes urbanísticas de diversas comunidades autónomas de España y el decreto-lei no. 53/2014 de Portugal sobre rehabilitación de edificios antiguos.

Using panel data methods, for all the Spanish Autonomous Communities and for the period 1999-2009, the present study estimates the revenue of the casinos in each Autonomous Community on the basis of four variables of interest related to the taxation of gambling in each Community, the taxation in the neighboring Autonomous Communities and the expansion of online gambling, and certain economic and sociodemographic control variables. The estimation performed permits the verification of the hypotheses that the taxation of gaming in a region and the expansion of online gambling negatively affect the revenue accrued by the casinos located in that region, but does not offer evidence that the effect produced by the differences in taxation among neighboring regions is significant. The results obtained also confirm the expected impact on the casinos' revenue of the existence of 'type' gamblers (young males, and tourists) and of the economic situation (income and unemployment). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the effect of political variables on the gains obtained by Spanish regions in periodical bargaining of the intergovernmental financing agreements and on the regional distribution of discretional earmarked grants. First, we find that the relationship between gains in transferred revenues and on regional public debt stocks depends on the period and the specific issues discussed in the corresponding negotiation. Second, we show that the most discretional program of earmarked grants is strongly driven by electoral strategy. National incumbents tend to allocate intergovernmental transfers where there are competitive regional elections. We also show that earmarked grants are allocated in those regions where the incumbent performs better in national elections and, especially, in those where there are more seats to be won. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Spain is a remarkably complex country, due to the double decentralization. The first one is the decentralization from the central government to the autonomous communities. The second one is due to the division or institutional mitosis, that is, the deployment of numerous special purpose entities, with different functions, large staffing and increasing budgets. In this paper we analyze this latter phenomenon and the implications for public management and ex post auditing. Given its special interest, the paper focuses in the autonomous communities. It discusses the major theoretical and practical justifications and presents a detailed statistical panorama. The figures show a significant growth in instrumental public sector in Spain, as well as debt accumulation outside the scope of consolidation. In light of these results, some challenges to the audit institutions are suggested, with special attention to the monitoring of public debt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se analizan decretos y sentencias en Derecho Inmobiliario y Urbanismo de España emitidos entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2013 en diversas comunidades autónomas del país. Entre éstos se incluyen la Ley 4/2013 de Andalucía relativa a la promoción social de la vivienda, el Programa de Fomento de Alquiler de Castilla y León y el Decreto 184/2013 que regula lo concerniente a diseño y calidad de viviendas en Valencia.

Copyright of Revista de Economía Aplicada is the property of Revista de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Constitutional reform in Spain – Budgetary stability – Debt and deficit limits – Fiscal Compact – Six Pack – Two Pack – Fiscal federalism – ‘State of autonomies’ – Financing of the autonomous communities – Adoption of an ‘internal stability pact’ [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Sustainable development has become daily routine for public administration when strategic planification is to be faced. Environmental policies have traditionally pretended to aim at sustainability, but the extent to which the latter has been universally assumed by institutions, justifies talking about sustainable development policies as such. In this piece of work we will try to analyze the origins and development of such policies in the concrete case of the Basque Country, given the fact that Spanish Constitution gives autonomous communities a prominent role in the management of sustainability. Therefore, we will attempt to describe and, above all, explain how those policies were set into public agenda and which are —and why—the most important features of their scope and objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

in this work an analysis is carried out to show the differences regarding the implementa-tion of legislative powers on Income Tax in the Spanish Autonomous Communities, particularly on tax rates. In order to undertake this, a comparative study on tax liability is made, through three simulations involving different labour incomes: approximately 16,500 EUR; 71,000 EUR and 355,000 EUR. This comparison aims at depicting the actual impact of the above mentioned legislative powers on the entire workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This stud y provides a review of the division of powers established by the Spanish Constitution between the State and the Autonomous Communities, which has caused a dramatic increase in regional legislation. Improvement is proposed through the amendment of the Statute of Autonomy and content critical of the proposed federal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo analiza diversos decretos y sentencias en Derecho Administrativo de España emitidos entre diciembre de 2012 y abril de 2013. Los temas incluyen la reforma de la Ley de Costas para la protección de litorales y otros terrenos marítimos de dominio público, el Decreto-ley 6/2013 que define los criterios de expropiación para viviendas deshabitadas en Andalucía y sentencia de la Audiencia Social sobre déficit tarifario del sector eléctrico.

Copyright of Foro Internacional is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This brief article outlines the legal regime governing the facility set up to provide liquidity assistance to autonomous communities that is designed to assist them with their financial needs. To this end, the fund providing this financing will be allocated with EUR 18 billion for 2012. In return, the autonomous communities joining the facility must accept certain financial and fiscal conditions. The autonomous communities’ liquidity facility was established by Royal Decree-Law 21/2012 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By 2004 Spanish subnational governments are allowed to participate in some formal meetings of the Council of the European Union as well as in its working groups. For proponents of the multi-level governance approach, a regional presence in the Council provides evidence in support of enhanced subnational participation in EU policy making. For intergovernmentalists, on the contrary, the Spanish case demonstrates that central government still maintains a crucial gatekeeper position since it formally regulates the main aspects of subnational participation. By presenting the results of a case study on the formal participation of the Spanish regions in the Council, the paper agrees that, even in a context of Europeanization, the central state still ultimately retains some veto powers. Nevertheless, the article takes issue with the argument that subnational participation is mainly formal and lacks substantive value. The article provides evidence, on the contrary, that the definition of the joint common position reinforces intrastate relations in EU policy making with a positive net effect for subnational governments. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Revista de Derecho Politico is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Indicators based on citizens' satisfaction that enable territorial comparisons of the performance of public policies could be useful in decentralized States. But what accounts for citizen (dis)satisfaction with these policies? We examine Spaniards' satisfaction with three policies: education, health care (whose competencies lie with the Autonomous Communities) and pensions (Central Government) by utilizing a representative regional-level survey. We conclude that there are differences in the degree of satisfaction with these policies across regions, especially in cases where regional governments hold the main responsibility. The differences among degrees of satisfaction still remain, albeit to a lesser extent, even after controlling for individual and contextual variables. On the basis of these findings, the next step should be to analyze the extent to which different degrees of satisfaction are due to different patterns of policy management in education and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Migraciones is the property of Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Instituto Universitario de Estudios sobre Migraciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El artículo analiza decretos y sentencias en Derecho de Medio Ambiente emitidos en la Unión Europea y España entre enero y abril de 2012. Algunas regulaciones discutidas son directiva sobre la evaluación de impacto ambiental de proyectos tanto públicos como privados en la Unión Europea, reglamento sobre protección de contaminación acústica y reglamento sobre gestión de desechos, ambos de la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía, España.

Copyright of Revista de Relaciones Internacionales, Estrategia y Seguridad is the property of Revista de Relaciones Internacionales, Estrategia y Seguridad and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the codification of the civil laws of Spain during the period 1808-1833. The author comments on the political and social aspects in relation to the civil law codification process and describes the unification of the laws of various Spanish provinces, including Navarre, Catalonia, and Álava at the time. He also explores the reasons for the delays relating to the unification and codification of Spanish law, which is owed particularly to the notion of the provincial autonomy of these regions.