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ObjectiveTo understand the prevalence of hookworm infection and its relevant behavioral factors in rural areas of Tiantai County， Zhejiang Province， and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of hookworm disease.MethodsBy using a stratified cluster random sampling strategy， local residents aged ≥3 years was divided into 5 districts according to geographical location； furthermore， those in one administrative village （surveillance site） were investigated in each district. Species of hookworm were identified by filter paper culture in vitro， and enterobius vermicularis eggs were detected by cellophane anal swab in children aged 3‒9 year. Risk factors were determined by questionnaire.ResultsA total of 1 013 residents were investigated in 5 surveillance sites. Thirty nine cases with hookworm infection were detected， with the total infection rate of 3.85% . All species detected were determined to be Necator americanus. The infection rate significantly differed across the towns （χ2=48.32， P70 years （9.75%）. Furthermore， it decreased with educational background. It was significantly associated with fertilize with fresh manure （χ2=6.87， P

This paper gives a brief examination of the history of English as an academic subject in China, focusing on the paramount importance China attaches to the teaching and learning of foreign languages in general and of English in particular. It is argued that China is probably the one and only case in human history in which an immense sovereign state puts systematic and sustained efforts into learning a foreign language, formulating unified linguistic policies and enforcing them in a consistent and potent manner; and by so doing, China has succeeded in making the external world translated and transparent to it in a short time, integrating all kinds of new knowledge into its cognitive system, broadening its horizon and transforming the minds of its population, thus effecting an overall civilizational metamorphosis.

Naphthylimides play a pivotal role as aromatic heterocyclic compounds, serving as the foundational structures for numerous pharmacologically significant drugs. These drugs encompass antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antimalarial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antiprotozoal agents. The planar and heteroaromatic characteristics of naphthylimides grant them a strong ability to intercalate into DNA. This intercalation property renders naphthylimide derivatives highly valuable for various biological activities. The advantageous pharmacological activity and ease of synthesis associated with naphthylimides and their derivatives provide significant benefits in the design and development of new compounds within this class. Currently, only a few such molecules are undergoing preclinical and clinical evaluations. In this paper, we have compiled the literature on naphthylimides reported by researchers from 2006 to 2024. Our focus lies on exploring the pharmacological activities of their analogues from a drug development and discovery perspective, while examining their structure–activity relationship and mechanisms of action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of increasingly fierce global competition, utilizing digital technology to realize disruptive innovation is an effective way for enterprises to gain access to the mainstream market and form long-term competitive advantages. From the perspective of affordance, this study classifies digital technology affordance into cumulative affordance and variant affordance and explores the influence mechanism of digital technology affordance on enterprise disruptive innovation according to three core innovation phases: "fuzzy front-end–development–commercialization". Based on 241 data points from different industries and types of enterprises, this empirical study found that (1) cumulative affordance and variant affordance have a significant positive impact on disruptive innovation and its "fuzzy front-end—development—commercialization" phases; (2) dynamic capabilities play a mediating role between digital technology affordance and disruptive innovation; and (3) the three aspects of dynamic capabilities—sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring—are greatly enhanced by cumulative affordance and variable affordance. These findings contribute to the research on the relationship between digital technology affordance and disruptive innovation and provide a micro-level perspective on how firms realize disruptive innovation through digital technology affordance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metabolic imbalance leading to inflammatory hypoxia and stabilization of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel diseases. We hypothesize that HIF could be stabilized in CD4+ T cells during intestinal inflammation and alter the functional responses of T cells via regulation of microRNAs. Our assays reveal markedly increased T cell-intrinsic hypoxia and stabilization of HIF protein during experimental colitis. microRNA screen in primary CD4+ T cells points us towards miR-29a and our subsequent studies identify a selective role for HIF-2α in CD4-cell-intrinsic induction of miR-29a during hypoxia. Mice with T cell-intrinsic HIF-2α deletion display elevated T-bet (target of miR-29a) levels and exacerbated intestinal inflammation. Mice with miR-29a deficiency in T cells show enhanced intestinal inflammation. T cell-intrinsic overexpression of HIF-2α or delivery of miR-29a mimetic dampen TH1-driven colitis. In this work, we show a previously unrecognized function for hypoxia-dependent induction of miR-29a in attenuating TH1-mediated inflammation. Inflammatory intestinal lesions are often hypoxic, which results in the stabilization and activation of hypoxia-inducible-factors (HIF). Here authors show that in a mouse model of colitis, HIF-2α is specifically stabilized in CD4+ type 1T helper (TH1) cells, leading to the upregulation of miR-29a expression and suppression of TH1 cell function, which pathway is potentially targetable for therapeutic purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives a brief examination of the history of English as an academic subject in China, focusing on the paramount importance China attaches to the teaching and learning of foreign languages in general and of English in particular. It is argued that China is probably the one and only case in human history in which an immense sovereign state puts systematic and sustained efforts into learning a foreign language, formulating unified linguistic policies and enforcing them in a consistent and potent manner; and by so doing, China has succeeded in making the external world translated and transparent to it in a short time, integrating all kinds of new knowledge into its cognitive system, broadening its horizon and transforming the minds of its population, thus effecting an overall civilizational metamorphosis.

Tunability of interfacial effects between two-dimensional (2D) crystals is crucial not only for understanding the intrinsic properties of each system, but also for designing electronic devices based on ultra-thin heterostructures. A prerequisite of such heterostructure engineering is the availability of 2D crystals with different degrees of interfacial interactions. In this work, we report a controlled epitaxial growth of monolayer TaSe2 with different structural phases, 1H and 1 T, on a bilayer graphene (BLG) substrate using molecular beam epitaxy, and its impact on the electronic properties of the heterostructures using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. 1H-TaSe2 exhibits significant charge transfer and band hybridization at the interface, whereas 1 T-TaSe2 shows weak interactions with the substrate. The distinct interfacial interactions are attributed to the dual effects from the differences of the work functions as well as the relative interlayer distance between TaSe2 films and BLG substrate. The method demonstrated here provides a viable route towards interface engineering in a variety of transition-metal dichalcogenides that can be applied to future nano-devices with designed electronic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the comprehensive utilization of sour jujube and its beneficial properties to human health has attracted extensive attention. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the bioactive profile of sour jujube and future trends in applications. The research advancements within this field from 2000 to 2023 were addressed using the Web of Science database and VOSviewer. Among the 322 results, the most frequent keywords of bioactivity are flavonoids, antioxidants, saponins, insomnia, polyphenols, terpenoids and anti-inflammatory; the most studied parts of sour jujube are seeds, fruits and leaves; the published articles with high citations mainly focus on identification, biological effects and different parts distribution of bioactive compounds. The bioactivity of various parts of sour jujube was reviewed considering their application potential. The seeds, rich in flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids, exhibit strong effects on central nervous system diseases and have been well-developed in pharmacology, healthcare products and functional foods. The pulp has antioxidant properties and is used to develop added-value foods (e.g., juice, vinegar, wine). The leaves can be used to make tea and flowers are good sources of honey; their extracts are rich sources of flavonoids and saponins, which show promising medicinal effects. The branches, roots and bark have healing properties in traditional folk medicine. Overall, this study provides a reference for future applications of sour jujube in food and medicine fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional materials represent a major frontier for research into exotic many-body quantum phenomena. In the extreme two-dimensional limit, electron-electron interaction often dominates over other electronic energy scales, leading to strongly correlated effects such as quantum spin liquid and unconventional superconductivity. The dominance is conventionally attributed to the lack of electron screening in the third dimension. Here, we discover an intriguing metal to Mott insulator transition in 1T-TaSe2 that defies conventional wisdom. Specifically, we find that dimensionality crossover, instead of reduced screening, drives the transition in atomically thin 1T-TaSe2. A dispersive band crossing the Fermi level is found to be responsible for the bulk metallicity in the material. Reducing the dimensionality, however, effectively quenches the kinetic energy of these initially itinerant electrons, and drives the material into a Mott insulating state. The dimensionality-driven metal to Mott insulator transition resolves the long-standing dichotomy between metallic bulk and insulating surface of 1T-TaSe2. Our work further reveals a new pathway for modulating two-dimensional materials that enables exploring strongly correlated systems across uncharted parameter space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]