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511 results on '"Romano, Mario"'

11. Scleral Buckle, Vitrectomy, or Combined Surgery for Inferior Break Retinal Detachment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Abdullatif, Abdussalam M., Ajlan, Radwan, Bonnar, Jonathan, Capone, Antonio, Colyer, Marcus, Dell’Omo, Roberto, Eliott, Dean, Emerson, Geoff, Gupta, Omesh, Hsu, Jason, Joseph, Daniel P., Lois, Noemi, Matinez-Castillo, Vicente, McCullough, Philip, Mohalhal, Ahmed A., Mura, Marco, Regillo, Carl, Rezende, Flavio A., Romano, Mario R., Ryan, Ed, Starr, Matthew, Tan, Chin Han, Von Fricken, Manfred, Wickham, Louisa, Williamson, Tom, Wright, David M., and Yonekawa, Yoshihiro

Published
2023
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17. Settings and Clinical Applications of Subthreshold Micropulse Laser Therapy: A Review.

Author

Sorrentino, Tania, Allegrini, Davide, De Rosa, Giacomo, Santoru, Francesco, Crepaldi, Lorenzo, Feo, Alessandro, Zanellati, Giacomo, Marconi, Stefania, Auricchio, Ferdinando, and Romano, Mario R.

Subjects
LASER therapy, INTRAVITREAL injections, MACULAR edema, RETINAL diseases, VISUAL acuity
Abstract

Subthreshold lasers operate below the threshold of visible tissue damage, thereby preventing ophthalmoscopically visible thermal damage to the chorio-retinal layers. They could represent a safe and effective alternative and/or adjunctive procedure to conventional lasers in treating diabetic macula edema (DME), central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), and branch retina vein occlusion (BRVO). This review focuses on the use of subthreshold micropulse laser (SMPL), its settings, and clinical applications. Despite their widespread use, a standardized protocol for sub-threshold laser settings has not been established yet, and thus, there is uncertainty in selecting effective and safe parameters for any specific situation. We conducted a comprehensive overview of the existing indications for subthreshold laser therapy and their settings for different retinal diseases. The debate revolves around which parameters could guarantee the safety of the procedure for each case, depending on the duty cycle, the laser wavelength, the spot duration, and the power, with laser power titration on one side or choosing a fixed lowered power value on the other side. SMPL therapy for DME, CSCR, and BRVO-associated macular edema has shown significant effectiveness in reducing the macular thickness, facilitating subretinal fluid absorptions, increasing the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and reducing the number of intravitreal injections (IVI) required annually. We presented a broad list of the laser parameters reported in the literature, organized into different tables divided based on the specific pathology, with the aim of providing a useful tool for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. The KERATO Biomechanics Study 1: A Comparative Evaluation Using Brillouin Microscopy and Dynamic Scheimpflug Imaging.

Author

Vinciguerra, Riccardo, Palladino, Sara, Herber, Robert, Romano, Mario R., and Vinciguerra, Paolo

Subjects
KERATOCONUS, SCANNING systems, IMAGING systems, CORNEA, BIOMECHANICS
Abstract

Purpose: To assess the corneal biomechanical properties in normal individuals and patients with keratoconus using the Brillouin optical scanning system (Intelon Optics) (BOSS) and compare them with ultra-high-speed Scheimpflug imaging (Corvis ST; Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH). Methods: Sixty eyes from 60 patients (30 normal and 30 keratoconus) were included in this prospective, single-center, comparative, non-interventional study. Corneal biomechanics were evaluated using the Corvis ST and the BOSS. With the BOSS, each corneal image was acquired three times, measuring 10 locations within an 8-mm diameter. Parameters extracted included mean, maximum, and minimum Brillouin shift. These 10 points were also grouped into superior, central, and inferior regions. BOSS repeatability was assessed using the coefficient of repeatability and coefficient of variation. Furthermore, normal individuals and patients with keratoconus were compared using the Corvis ST and BOSS. Results: The BOSS exhibited good repeatability, with coefficient of repeatability ranging from 0.098 to 0.138 GHz for single points in normal individuals and 0.096 to 0.149 GHz for patients with keratoconus. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between normal individuals and patients with keratoconus, indicating softer corneas in keratoconus, observed with both the Corvis ST and BOSS. Specifically, the BOSS showed significant differences in mean, inferior, and superior mean, maximum, and minimum Brillouin frequency shift (all P <.05), whereas the Corvis ST displayed highly significant differences in stiffness parameter at first applanation, stress strain index, deformation amplitude ratio, and inverse integrated radius (all P <.001). Conclusions: Corneal biomechanical measurements proved highly repeatable and effectively demonstrated significant differences between normal individuals and patients with keratoconus using both the BOSS and the Corvis ST. [J Refract Surg. 2024;40(8):e569–e578.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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26. Loss of CFTR Reverses Senescence Hallmarks in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Bronchial Epithelial Cells.

Author

Merigo, Flavia, Lagni, Anna, Boschi, Federico, Bernardi, Paolo, Conti, Anita, Plebani, Roberto, Romano, Mario, Sorio, Claudio, Lotti, Virginia, and Sbarbati, Andrea

Subjects
CYSTIC fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, EPITHELIAL cells, SARS-CoV-2, P21 gene, IMMUNOSENESCENCE, CELLULAR aging
Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 infection has been recently shown to induce cellular senescence in vivo. A senescence-like phenotype has been reported in cystic fibrosis (CF) cellular models. Since the previously published data highlighted a low impact of SARS-CoV-2 on CFTR-defective cells, here we aimed to investigate the senescence hallmarks in SARS-CoV-2 infection in the context of a loss of CFTR expression/function. We infected WT and CFTR KO 16HBE14o-cells with SARS-CoV-2 and analyzed both the p21 and Ki67 expression using immunohistochemistry and viral and p21 gene expression using real-time PCR. Prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection, CFTR KO cells displayed a higher p21 and lower Ki67 expression than WT cells. We detected lipid accumulation in CFTR KO cells, identified as lipolysosomes and residual bodies at the subcellular/ultrastructure level. After SARS-CoV-2 infection, the situation reversed, with low p21 and high Ki67 expression, as well as reduced viral gene expression in CFTR KO cells. Thus, the activation of cellular senescence pathways in CFTR-defective cells was reversed by SARS-CoV-2 infection while they were activated in CFTR WT cells. These data uncover a different response of CF and non-CF bronchial epithelial cell models to SARS-CoV-2 infection and contribute to uncovering the molecular mechanisms behind the reduced clinical impact of COVID-19 in CF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. A Systematic Review on Organ-on-a-Chip in PDMS or Hydrogel in Dentistry: An Update of the Literature.

Author

Pierfelice, Tania Vanessa, D'Amico, Emira, Petrini, Morena, Romano, Mario, D'Arcangelo, Camillo, Sbordone, Ludovico, Barone, Antonio, Plebani, Roberto, and Iezzi, Giovanna

Subjects
HYDROGELS in medicine, DENTISTRY, MICROFLUIDIC devices, CELL communication, BIOMIMICRY
Abstract

Organs-on-a-chip (OoCs) are microfluidic devices constituted by PDMS or hydrogel in which different layers of cells are separated by a semipermeable membrane. This technology can set many parameters, like fluid shear stress, chemical concentration gradient, tissue–organ interface, and cell interaction. The use of these devices in medical research permits the investigation of cell patterning, tissue–material interface, and organ–organ interaction, mimicking the complex structures and microenvironment of human and animal bodies. This technology allows us to reconstitute in vitro complex conditions that recapitulate in vivo environments. One of the main advantages of these systems is that they represent a very realistic model that, in many cases, can replace animal experimentation, eliminating costs and related ethical issues. Organ-on-a-chip can also contain bacteria or cancer cells. This technology could be beneficial in dentistry for testing novel antibacterial substances and biomaterials, performing studies on inflammatory disease, or planning preclinical studies. A significant number of publications and reviews have been published on this topic. Still, to our knowledge, they mainly focus on the materials used for fabrication and the different patterns of the chip applied to the experimentations. This review presents the most recent applications of organ-on-a-chip models in dentistry, starting from the reconstituted dental tissues to their clinical applications and future perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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