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State estimation is used in power systems to estimate grid variables based on meter measurements. Unfortunately, power grids are vulnerable to cyber-attacks. Reducing cyber-attacks against state estimation is necessary to ensure power system safe and reliable operation. False data injection (FDI) is a type of cyber-attack that tampers with measurements. This paper proposes network reconfiguration as a strategy to decrease FDI attacks on distribution system state estimation. It is well-known that network reconfiguration is a common approach in distribution systems to improve the system’s operation. In this paper, a modified switch opening and exchange (MSOE) method is used to reconfigure the network. The proposed method is tested on the IEEE 33-bus system. It is shown that network reconfiguration decreases the power measurements manipulation under false data injection attacks. Also, the resilient configuration of the distribution system is achieved, and the best particular configuration for reducing FDI attacks on each bus is obtained.

Fluorescent protein-based sensors for detecting neuronal activity have been developed largely based on non-neuronal screening systems. However, the dynamics of neuronal state variables (e.g., voltage, calcium, etc.) are typically very rapid compared to those of non-excitable cells. We developed an electrical stimulation and fluorescence imaging platform based on dissociated rat primary neuronal cultures. We describe its use in testing genetically-encoded calcium indicators (GECIs). Efficient neuronal GECI expression was achieved using lentiviruses containing a neuronal-selective gene promoter. Action potentials (APs) and thus neuronal calcium levels were quantitatively controlled by electrical field stimulation, and fluorescence images were recorded. Images were segmented to extract fluorescence signals corresponding to individual GECI-expressing neurons, which improved sensitivity over full-field measurements. We demonstrate the superiority of screening GECIs in neurons compared with solution measurements. Neuronal screening was useful for efficient identification of variants with both improved response kinetics and high signal amplitudes. This platform can be used to screen many types of sensors with cellular resolution under realistic conditions where neuronal state variables are in relevant ranges with respect to timing and amplitude.

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Introduction: Lifestyle is one of the important factors of public health and reproductive health that is considered as the result of interaction between individual characteristics, environmental conditions and social class. The social class is a characteristic of socio-economic characteristics and conditions. Class is created by combining different types of capital, and capital refers to one's valuable and available resources.

Abstract Background Anxiety and delirium are prevalent complications in cardiac patients undergoing invasive procedures like coronary artery bypass surgery, with untreated symptoms potentially leading to enduring physical and psychological consequences. Benson’s relaxation technique, a method of attention focusing, has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating various symptoms, although findings are conflicting. Thus, this study aimed to assess the influence of Benson’s relaxation on anxiety and delirium severity in open-heart surgery candidates. Methods Conducted in 2022 at Qaem Hospital in Mashhad, this randomized controlled trial involved 60 patients. The intervention group received Benson’s relaxation training pre-surgery and practiced it twice daily for 72 h post-admission. Standard care was provided to controls. Anxiety and delirium were assessed using standardized scales before and after the intervention. Results The demographic characteristics of both groups were comparable with no significant differences. Benson’s relaxation significantly reduced delirium scores on the first and second days post-surgery (P

Introduction: Journal club is one of the accepted methods in clinical training of the medical students. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the satisfaction of residents and medical students with journal club meetings at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on 134 residents and medical students of major clinical wards (internal medicine, gynecology, pediatrics) who were selected through census method in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were verified. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Residents, interns and stagers of internal medicine ward were more satisfied with journal club meetings than the students of other wards. There was a significant difference between the mean scores of students’ opinions at different educational level (p=0.0001). Accordingly, residents and stagers had the highest and lowest level of satisfaction respectively. Journal club meetings were relatively held on a regular basis and at specific hours. Conclusion: Stagers, interns and residents of Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences were relatively satisfied with journal club meetings. Each journal club meeting, if properly managed and deemed important, could be the basis for creating new and innovative ideas.

Background Today, information technology and communications play an important role in the promotion of education quality. Some pedagogical studies have been conducted with a focus on electronic learning. This study aims to evaluate the level and distribution of articles on electronic-learning of medical sciences in the Iranian journals of medical sciences. Methods To collect data, English- and Persian-language scientific-research journals in medical sciences published from 2011 to the end of 2015 were evaluated. Titles, keywords, and methods were searched in the most reliable journals to extract articles in line with the study objectives. The data were analyzed based on descriptive statistics using Excel software. Results According to the results of the current study, only 1 journal allocated more than 10% (14.6% of all evaluated articles) of its published articles to e-learning in medical sciences (totally 14.6%). The highest ratio of articles on e-learning in medical education to the total articles was found in the Iranian Bimonthly of Education Strategies in Medical Sciences (0.146) and strides in development of Medical Education (0.094); and the lowest ratio was found in the Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism (0.31). Conclusions Limitations such as hardware and software infrastructures, as well as lack of interest and time by professors were considered as barriers to study electronic skills and technology sciences and their institutionalization within the curriculum.

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Background and purpose: Expectant fathers are directly associated with the quality of life of their wives during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an educational program held for husbands on quality of life in pregnant women. Materials and methods: A clinical trial was conducted in expectant fathers whose wives attended Mashhad Shariati Hospital, 2016. Convenient sampling was done and the subjects were selected based on the study’s inclusion criteria. They were assigned into either an experimental group (n=31) or a control group (n=30). The educational program was held in three sessions and the main topics included physical, and psychological problems, and nutritional needs associated with pregnancy. No intervention was done in the control group. Women's quality of life was measured before and then a month after the intervention. Data was analyzed by Variance, mean, t-test, and Fisher test. Results: The educational program increased the total score for quality of life in intervention group (506.9±44.5 vs. 538.9±27.7, p‹0.001). Conclusion: Educational program held for expectant fathers could increase the quality of life in pregnant women.

Background & Aim: The challenges that patients face after intestinal ostomy surgery can lead to impaired adjustment and self-efficacy. There is evidence suggesting these variables have reciprocal effects on each other. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the correlation between adjustment and self-efficacy in patients with intestinal ostomy. Methods & Materials: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 76 patients with intestinal ostomy hospitalized in hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences using convenience sampling method in 2015. Research instruments were comprised of the demographic and disease information questionnaire, the Stoma Self-efficacy Scale, and the Ostomy Adjustment Inventory. The SPSS software v.19 using descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze the data. Results: The results of Pearson correlation test showed a significant and positive linear correlation between the mean score of self-efficacy and the dimensions of adjustment: acceptance (P

Background: Self-efficacy is a crucial factor in controlling adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Subsequently the negative behavioral reactions such as aggression adversely affect on self-efficacy. Therefore, interventions are essential to reduce the aggression and to improve the self- efficacy in these patients. Aim: To determine the efficacy of the modified "aggression replacement training" program on self-efficacy of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes. Methods: In this clinical trial, 70 adult subjects with IDDM who were referred to Parsian Diabetes clinic of Mashhad in 2014 were divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention program, including three aspects including: anger control training, social skills training and moral reasoning training was performed in five sessions, each 1.5-2 hours. A five-day interval was between the sessions and each group consisted of 8-10 individuals. The self-management standard questionnaire of “insulin-dependent diabetes management self-efficacy scale (IDMSE)” was filled before the intervention and two months afterwards. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11.5 with paired and Independent t-tests. Results: In this study, 38.5 and 61.5 percent of the subjects were boys and girls, respectively with total mean age of 15.9±2. The self-efficacy of the subjects before the intervention was not significantly different within the groups (p=0/57). Nevertheless in post-intervention assessment, the self-efficacy of the Intervention group significantly increased (49.0±11.1) compared to the control group (33.7±5.5) (p

Background & Objective: One of the most important factors in the evaluation of specific performance indices of each university is the professional maintenance and promotion of faculty members This will result in more desirable output results from this system The aim of this study was to explore describe and interpret faculty members experiences of the academic promotion process and its obstacles and problems Methods: A phenomenological approach was used in this research The study population consisted of 22 faculty members of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Iran who were selected through purposeful sampling Data were collected through semistructured interviews and analyzed using the van Manen method Results: The main theme of passing the academic promotion marsh and 5 subthemes emerged from data analysis The subthemes consisted of problems related to administrative processes problems related to the performance of committees problems related to general competence problems related to the academic promotion guideline and motivational factors Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the problems and barriers of the promotion process Quality assessment homogenization of processes and the use of experts in college committees are some of the factors that affect the promotion process The findings of this study can assist policymakers and administrators of Medical Sciences Universities at different levels in decision making and finding solutions to facilitate the academic promotion process and rectify its problems and obstacles

Background and purpose: Adolescents with diabetes are faced with some constraints and may show some negative reactions such as aggressive behavior. These behaviors increase the level of glycosylated hemoglobin in these patients. It is important to assess some interventions that reduce aggression and improve glycosylated hemoglobin level in diabetic adolescents. This study aimed at determining the effect of implementation of the modified aggression replacement training program (ART) on glycosylated hemoglobin levels in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes. Materials and methods: A clinical trial was conducted in 70 adolescents suffering insulin-dependent diabetes attending Parsian Diabetes clinic in Mashhad, 2014. They were divided into two groups: a control (n= 35) and intervention (n= 35) group. The intervention program comprised five sessions of 1.5-2 hours. The sessions were held at five days intervals and each group consisted of 8-10 individuals. Glycosylated hemoglobin tests were performed before the intervention and two months later. Data was analyzed in SPSS by student t-test and Chi-square test. Results: Before the intervention the glycosylated hemoglobin levels were not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.457). But in post-intervention phase, the glycosylated hemoglobin levels decreased significantly in intervention group (8.7±1.4) compared to the control group (9.6±1.5) (P<0.017). Conclusion: The modified ART could be effective in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin levels in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended as part of a comprehensive treatment for diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]