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Despite an increased focus on the impact of post-migratory factors on the health of trauma-affected refugees, research on the influence of residence permit is limited. This influence may manifest on the outcome of psychiatric treatment. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the role of temporary residence permit on symptom severity and treatment outcome among trauma-affected refugees in PTSD treatment. The sample consisted of 897 patients, who were allocated into three groups based on their residence permit: temporary residence permit, permanent residence permit, and Danish citizenship. The outcome measures were symptoms of PTSD (Harvard Trauma Questionnaire), depression and anxiety (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 and Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Rating Scales), quality of life (WHO-5 Well-being Index), and functioning (The Sheehan Disability Scale), evaluated before and after psychiatric treatment. Temporary residents tended to have less severe symptoms prior to treatment. Overall, no significant differences were observed between the three groups on treatment outcome. However, Danish citizens had a poorer treatment outcome on Hamilton Depression Scale compared with temporary residents. This study is one of the first to investigate treatment implications of residence permit in a clinical setting. The interactions between mental health and individual post-migratory factors are complex. Further research is still needed to understand how residence status affects mental health and treatment outcomes for refugees. • Temporary residents had the least severe symptoms before treatment. • Danish citizens had a poorer HAM-D treatment outcome than temporary residents. • Overall, residence permit was a poor predictor of PTSD treatment outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to understand more about the consequences that living for many years without a residence permit in Norway can have for asylum seekers. As a narrative inquiry study, the research puzzle is asylum seekers in Norway without a resident permit. This article focuses on one family. The data material is collected with different methods, such as field talks, interviews, pictures, and messages on Messenger. The study uses narrative position analysis, and it analyses the narrated story on three different levels. The main results shows that the parents of the family tend to position themselves differently according to whether they are talking about the time before they fled, the time while fleeing or after the fled. When talking about the decision to flee, they present themselves as active subjects with high agency. They have the ability to take active decisions and play an essential role for the family's life. The analyses reveal three different master narratives; being a parent, being a citizen of a community and being an asylum seeker. I conclude with thoughts about the waiting period as an asylum seeker, and I ask whether Norway respects and ensures human rights. Is the situation of long-term asylum seekers and the condition of the waiting period in different reception centers a form of national abuse of power? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to understand more about the consequences that living for many years without a residence permit in Norway can have for asylum seekers. As a narrative inquiry study, the research puzzle is asylum seekers in Norway without a resident permit. This article focuses on one family. The data material is collected with different methods, such as field talks, interviews, pictures, and messages on Messenger. The study uses narrative position analysis, and it analyses the narrated story on three different levels. The main results shows that the parents of the family tend to position themselves differently according to whether they are talking about the time before they fled, the time while fleeing or after the fled. When talking about the decision to flee, they present themselves as active subjects with high agency. They have the ability to take active decisions and play an essential role for the family’s life. The analyses reveal three different master narratives; being a parent, being a citizen of a community and being an asylum seeker. I conclude with thoughts about the waiting period as an asylum seeker, and I ask whether Norway respects and ensures human rights. Is the situation of long-term asylum seekers and the condition of the waiting period in different reception centers a form of national abuse of power?

Arctic law and politics are heavily focused on citizens and their welfare. In recent times, migration has led to an increase in immigrants to the Arctic region, expanding discussions on diversity, equality, and inclusion. This article analyses immigrant experiences of the wheels of justice when appealing extended-residence decisions in Finland. There has been research on residence applications but there is no previous research on appealing residence decisions in Finland. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), the article analyses four Africans’ experiences of (in)justice during residence permit decision appeals lodged through the administrative courts in Finland 2011–2020. The article uses the Renault concept to argue and underscore the experiences of injustice and to underscore the gathered, analysed emerging themes and the patterns observed in the handling of the residence permit appeal cases from a legal and political perspective. The information was gathered through in-depth interviews using open-ended, structured questions, and the analysis of personal text and information was collated using MAXQDA software. The article highlights the incidences of human rights violations, injustice, mental health and well-being issues, inadequate information and distrust of the administrative justice system, and the risk that this poses to Arctic law and politics as right-wing politics are on the rise.

The Czech Republic introduced a migration policy in 1999, and one of the newly emerged residence permits was for the purpose of studies. It allowed non-EU foreign nationals to study in the Czech Republic. However, its rationale was also associated with restricting the permanent settlement of non-EU international students in the country. The policy changed in 2006. However, even up to 2019, it remained challenging for international students to secure permanent residency. In particular, students from post-Soviet countries wanted to settle permanently and had to find a job before graduation to secure their stay. In 2019, the Czech Republic introduced a transitional period for non-EU foreign graduates, enabling them to stay in the country for nine months to find a job. However, despite the advantages, this was late compared to other European countries. This article discusses the situation of non-EU international students before 2019 and the difficulties they experienced due to the complicated transition process from residence permit for the purpose of studies to employee status

Denne artikkelen vurderer utlendingsforskriftens vilkår for oppholdstillatelse for selvstendig næringsdrivende (utlendingen må være faglært, og det må være et økonomisk grunnlag for driften) i lys av situasjonen for kunstnere fra land utenfor EØS-området. Forfatterne har mottatt UDI-vedtak fra kunstnere og analysert disse. I praksis er kunstneres situasjon preget av at inntekt hentes dels fra den kunstneriske virksomheten, og dels fra andre kilder, at inntekten varierer betydelig ut fra variasjoner i kunstnernes produksjonssykluser, og at det kan ta lang tid fra arbeidsinnsatsen utføres, til inntekt oppnås. Disse særtrekkene gjør at utlendingsforskriftens vilkår i praksis er svært vanskelig å oppfylle. Artikkelen spør om praksis er i samsvar med lovgivers uttalte intensjoner.

Copyright of Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Derecho de la Seguridad Social, Laborum is the property of Ediciones Laborum S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shenzhen University Humanities & Social Sciences is the property of Journal of Shenzhen University (Humanities & Social Sciences) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Migraciones is the property of Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Instituto Universitario de Estudios sobre Migraciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Whether refugees in need of protection should be granted long- or short-term residence permits in the host country upon arrival is a long-standing debate in the migration policy and scholarly literature. Rights-based models of inclusion advocate for secure and long-term residency status arguing that this will provide the foundations for successful inclusion. Responsibilities-based models on the other hand claim that migrants should only be granted such status if certain criteria, such as full-time employment, have been met, again under the belief that such a system will facilitate inclusion into the host society. Using a sudden policy change as a natural experiment combined with detailed Swedish registry data, we examine the effect permanent residency on three measures of labour market inclusion in the short-term. Our findings are twofold. On the one hand, we find that temporary residents that are subject to a relatively less-inclusive situation have higher incomes and less unemployment. However, at the same time, they are less likely to spend time in education than are those with permanent residency. First part title Permanent or Temporary Settlement? Second part title A Study on the Short-Term Effects of Temporary and Permanent Residence Permits on Labour Market Participation

Copyright of Inonu University Law Review / İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Inonu University Law Review (IULR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Drawing on interviews with non-EU citizens, who arrived as asylum seekers or students in Finland, I examine different aspects of materialisation of borders within the state. This article focuses on non-citizens’ negotiations with the immigration bureaucracy, in particular on administrative procedures in residence permit applications. The analysis of non-citizens’ immigration trajectories and various border struggles during the conditional period before obtaining a permanent residence permit reveals the non-linear nature of immigration. The immigration process involves transitions in the legal status, which consequently affect non-citizens’ position in the labour market, access to welfare services, and the terms of family reunification. The concept of administrative bordering introduced in this article highlights the significant role of the bureaucratic procedures in migration management. I argue that administrative bordering related to the inclusion and exclusion of non-citizens creates pervasive insecurity about one’s presence and future as it can potentially modify individual immigration trajectories.

Copyright of Revista Româna de Dreptul Muncii is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica de Castilla y León is the property of Junta de Castilla y Leon, Direccion de Servicios Juridicos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article addresses the role of immigration regulations as a frame of reference for migrant employment before obtaining permanent residency status. Drawing on interviews with non-EU migrants and service sector employers in the Helsinki area, the article examines how immigration regulations inform migrant employment and contribute to the hierarchisation of labour markets. The analysis focuses on the legal significance of employment for migrants during the immigration process, which is related to the financial requirements for residence permits and manifested in the work permit process in particular. Immigration regulations increase migrants' dependency on paid employment, consequently decreasing their bargaining power in the labour market. The findings demonstrate the changing dynamics of the supply and demand of labour in the low-paid service sector, where employers prefer to recruit migrants in temporary legal positions over local workers and 'labour migrants', resulting in what the author calls the juridical division of labour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on interviews with non-EU citizens, who arrived as asylum seekers or students in Finland, I examine different aspects of materialisation of borders within the state. This article focuses on non-citizens’ negotiations with the immigration bureaucracy, in particular on administrative procedures in residence permit applications. The analysis of non-citizens’ immigration trajectories and various border struggles during the conditional period before obtaining a permanent residence permit reveals the non-linear nature of immigration. The immigration process involves transitions in the legal status, which consequently affect non-citizens’ position in the labour market, access to welfare services, and the terms of family reunification. The concept of administrative bordering introduced in this article highlights the significant role of the bureaucratic procedures in migration management. I argue that administrative bordering related to the inclusion and exclusion of non-citizens creates pervasive insecurity about one’s presence and future as it can potentially modify individual immigration trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author of this article tries to analyze the main legal norms that must be taken into consideration when we speak about minor immigrants. In this article, the author will present the main international legislation regarding the rights of the children living abroad during the period after the fall of the Communist regimes (1989) and the period after 2007, when Romania became a Member State of the European Union. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immigration law in Germany is regulated in some detail the issue of obtaining the right to stay for refugees anticipating any possible irregularities in the process of migration and trying to counteract them. It is not possible to obtain refugee status by a refugee who has taken action detrimental to the host country or has committed criminal acts violating the rules of security and public order. Until World War II Germany was a country from which people used to emigrate, primarily to North America. Thereafter, Germany began to accept refugees as the so-called guest workers. Now as many as 29% of the population has migrant roots. Currently, Germany is coping with a huge stream of refugees, which, on the one hand, give rise to racist and xenophobic tendencies and, on the other hand, leads to implementation of a range of initiatives to integrate migrants into society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ankara Barosu Dergileri is the property of Ankara Bar Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The European Council Directive 2004/81/EC concerning residence permit issued to Non-European Union Member Country nationals who are victims of trafficking in human beings or who have been the subject of an action to facilitate illegal immigration and who cooperate with the competent authorities. The Council of Europe Convention on action against trafficking in Human Beings (Warsaw 2005), so-called the Convention of the Council of Europe on the slave trade, outlines the rules on the identification of victim, which represent one of the first step. The trafficked person must be ensured protection of her private life both in order to guarantee her safety and to help her be reintegrated into her country of origin or host country. The Special Italian Program for Social Assistance and Protection on the subject of immigration (Law no. 286 of 1998) represents for Italy a true source of pride, because offers a highly valid means for guaranteeing that the victims of the slave trade and forced prostitution receive real and valid assistance in freeing themselves from the inhumane conditions in which they find themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ethnicity Studies / Etniskumo Studijos is the property of Lithuanian Social Research Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An abstract of the article "The precarious labour force and the new Hierarchies of work in a metropolis. Foreigners in the low paid service sector," by Jukka Könönen is presented.