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The article presents a case study of an adult discus that has referred for clinical examination from an aquarium. It mentions that the discus has presented with buphthalmia and anorexia. Primary macroscopic assessment has shown a yellowish mass that has affected the eye. It also focuses on the results of morphologic, histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis that have revealed a tumor which was diagnosed as a chondrosarcoma.

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Abstract: Live attenuated vaccines provide the most consistent protective immunity in experimental models of lentivirus infections. In this study we tested the hypothesis that animals infected with a naturally attenuated small ruminant lentivirus field strain of genotype E may control a challenge infection with a virulent strain of the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV-CO). Within genotype E, Roccaverano strain has been described as attenuated since decreased arthritic pathological indexes were recorded in Roccaverano-infected animals compared to animals of the same breed infected with genotype B strains. Moreover, under natural conditions, animals double-infected with genotypes B and E appear less prone to develop SRLV-related disease, leading to a putative protective role of Roccaverano strain. Here we present evidence that goats experimentally infected with the avirulent genotype E SRLV-Roccaverano strain control the proviral load of a pathogenic challenge virus (CAEV-CO strain) more efficiently than naïve animals and appear to limit the spread of histological lesions to the contralateral joints. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Sheep develop clinical diseases after 3–5 years after infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Clinical symptoms of paratuberculosis include persistent diarrhea and weight loss due to a chronic inflammation of the small intestine. Tissue alterations in the areas of the ileo-cecal junction are often observed. Here, we investigate the molecular processes underlying tissue damages in intestinal mucosa of 14 sheep showing either tuberculoid or lepromatous form of MAP enteritis. We found that E-cadherins, α-catenin and β1-integrins were present at significant low levels in tissues of sheep affected by lepromatous form and that this pattern was associated with high expression of TGF-β, IL-10, IL-1β, and TNF-α and with a modest increase of CD4+ and CD25+ T cells. Tissues of sheep with the tuberculoid form showed high expression of IFNγ, IL-12, and MCP-1 and a significant presence of CD4+ and CD25+ T cells. Finally, anti-transglutaminase (tTG) IgG1 antibodies were detected in sera of infected animal belonging to both groups, as already described for human inflammatory bowel diseases. Our results further stress the similarities in the clinical and histological features between ruminant paratuberculosis and human intestinal inflammatory diseases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]