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Background: Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) have been applied in school settings for adolescents with symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety; however, general conclusions of the efficacy of such interventions remain unclear. This meta‐analysis reviewed randomized‐controlled MBI trials for stress, depression, and anxiety in school settings. Methods: One hundred one records were included after removing duplicates. Nine studies met inclusion criteria, totalling 5046 adolescents aged 12–18. Eighteen comparisons between an MBI and a control group were analyzed. Results: The overall effect for symptoms of the 17 observations including stress, depression, and anxiety resulted in a significant improvement with a small effect size (k = 17, n = 3721, Hedge's g =.33, CI 95%.17–.49 p <.01). Subgroup analysis revealed that when MBIs were compared to an active control group effects were not significant (k = 5, n = 2753, Hedge's g =.27, CI 95% −.03–.57 p =.08), and when compared to an inactive control group the effect was significant with a small effect size (k = 5, n = 1065, Hedge's g =.38, CI 95%.02–.75 p <.05). Analysis of the interventions on a per symptom basis yielded a significant and moderate effect size for perceived stress (k = 7, n = 1116, Hedge's g =.55, CI 95%.31–.79 p <.01); however, there were no significant effects for depression (k = 6, n = 3172, Hedge's g =.20, CI 95% −.05–.44 p <.01) and anxiety (k = 4, n = 837, Hedge's g =.19, CI 95% −.14–.53 p =.25). Conclusions: The impact of MBIs in school settings for adolescents yielded a significant improvement for stress, but did not for depression and anxiety. The effects were significant when compared to inactive controls, but not when compared to active controls. Implications of these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultrasonography (US) is the first-line imaging modality for screening neonates and young infants with suspected spinal abnormalities. Whether performed for a suspicious congenital skin lesion, such as a lumbosacral tract or lipomatous mass, or abnormal neurological findings, US can help define spinal anatomy, characterize congenital spine malformations, and direct further work-up and management. The purpose of this article is to review the diagnostic imaging approach to infant spine US, including technique and indications, normal anatomy and variants with a focus on embryological origins, and classification and diagnosis of congenital spine malformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canal of Nuck abnormalities are a rare but important cause of morbidity in girls, most often those younger than 5 years of age. The canal of Nuck, which is the female equivalent of the male processus vaginalis, is a protrusion of parietal peritoneum that extends through the inguinal canal and terminates in the labia majora. The canal typically obliterates early in life, but in some cases the canal can partially or completely fail to close, potentially resulting in a hydrocele or hernia of pelvic contents. Recognition of this entity is especially important in cases of ovarian hernia due to the risk of incarceration and torsion. We aim to increase awareness of this condition by reviewing the embryology, anatomy and diagnosis of canal of Nuck disorders with imaging findings on US, CT and MRI using several cases from a single institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]