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El cambio climático constituye una amenaza para la biodiversidad. La distribución geográfica y la dimensión de sus efectos sobre los individuos y ecosistemas son inciertas, siendo los montañosos los más sensibles al clima. En la presente investigación se determinó el área climática potencial adecuada para Phlegmariurus acerosus, P. taxifolius y P. reflexus, especies que habitan en bosques subtropicales húmedos y muy húmedos y ostentan alguna categoría de amenaza debido a la fragmentación del hábitat y la disminución continua de sus poblaciones. Se elaboraron modelos de nicho climático con el programa MaxEnt empleando datos de ocurrencia y variables bioclimáticas. Los modelos resultantes fueron proyectados geográficamente de acuerdo con las condiciones climáticas actuales. Las proyecciones evidenciaron que las condiciones climáticas adecuadas para las especies se distribuyen en las montañas de Cuba oriental. El nicho climático potencial tuvo una probabilidad de presencia alta, así: de 250,66 km2 para P. acerosus, 393,42 km2 para P. taxifolius, y 232,40 km2 para P. reflexus. Las áreas protegidas consideradas prioritarias para la conservación son nueve para P. acerosus y P. reflexus, y cinco para P. taxifolius. Las proyecciones realizadas se determinaron a partir de la elevación y la temperatura estacional. A su vez, las áreas prioritarias para la conservación de las especies correspondieron a las áreas protegidas en los macizos montañosos de Nipe-Sagua-Baracoa y la Sierra Maestra, siendo este último el de mayor importancia para los taxones.

We aimed to identify and validate a set of miRNAs that could serve as a prognostic signature useful to determine the recurrence risk for patients with COAD. Small RNAs from tumors of 100 stage II, untreated, MSS colon cancer patients were sequenced for the discovery step. For this purpose, we built an miRNA score using an elastic net Cox regression model based on the disease-free survival status. Patients were grouped into high or low recurrence risk categories based on the median value of the score. We then validated these results in an independent sample of stage II microsatellite stable tumor tissues, with a hazard ratio of 3.24, (CI95% = 1.05–10.0) and a 10-year area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.67. Functional analysis of the miRNAs present in the signature identified key pathways in cancer progression. In conclusion, the proposed signature of 12 miRNAs can contribute to improving the prediction of disease relapse in patients with stage II MSS colorectal cancer, and might be useful in deciding which patients may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

In May 1982, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of streptozotocin to treat pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNETs). Thus, this year marks 40 years since that landmark date. This review of streptozotocin to treat panNETs is intended to commemorate this anniversary. A historical perspective of the chemical structure, pharmacokinetics, and mechanism of action of streptozotocin is followed by data from prospective and retrospective clinical studies. The last section of the review addresses the latest aspects and takes note of the prospects that lie ahead on the future horizon of the use of streptozotocin to treat panNETs, including ongoing clinical trials.

Undifferentiated large cell carcinoma is a rare entity in esophageal cancer and very few data are available in the literature on this uncommon histological subtype. We report a case of a 58-year-old Caucasian male previously treated with cisplatin/5-fluorouracil, docetaxel and carboplatin/plitidepsin who received treatment with a novel antitumor agent, Irvalec (PM02734), as fourth line. The patient received treatment from July 2006 to July 2009, a total of 49 cycles, at a dose of 2.4 mg/m 2 as a 24-hour infusion every 3 weeks. He did not present severe complications or unplanned or cumulative toxicities. Complete and durable response according to RECIST was reported. He was alive at the last follow-up on March 2012.

ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Digestive Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Digestive System : Well-Differentiated Pancreatic Non-Functioning Tumors

Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignant neoplasm and the second cause of death by cancer in western countries. In this manuscript, the clinical guidelines of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) for diagnosis and adjuvant treatment of colon cancer and rectal cancer are reported.