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2. Adolescent Girls and Young Women Overcoming Adherence Challenges with Vaginal and Oral PrEP Use: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study from a Crossover Trial in South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe

Author

Shapley-Quinn, Mary Kate, Tenza, Siyanda, Jensen, Destry, Tauya, Thelma, Mampuru, Lydia, Etima, Juliane, Kemigisha, Doreen, Atujuna, Millicent, Soto-Torres, Lydia, Johnson, Sherri, Mpongo, Nombeko, Mhlanga, Nomsa, Ngure, Kenneth, and van der Straten, Ariane

Published
2024
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11. Couples’ Preferences for “2 in 1” Multipurpose Prevention Technologies to Prevent Both HIV and Pregnancy: Results of a Discrete Choice Experiment in Uganda and Zimbabwe

Author

Minnis, Alexandra M., Etima, Juliane, Musara, Petina, Browne, Erica N., Mutero, Prisca, Kemigisha, Doreen, Mgodi, Nyaradzo M., Nakabiito, Clemensia, Shapley-Quinn, Mary Kate, Stoner, Marie C. D., Hartmann, Miriam, Macagna, Nicole, Piper, Jeanna, and van der Straten, Ariane

Published
2022
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21. Global Overview of Ecosystem Services Provided by Riparian Vegetation

Author

RIIS, TENNA, KELLY-QUINN, MARY, AGUIAR, RANCISCA C., MANOLAKI, PARASKEVI, BRUNO, DANIEL, BEJARANO, MARÍA D., CLERICI, NICOLA, FERNANDES, MARÍA ROSÁRIO, FRANCO, JOSÉ C., PETTIT, NEIL, PORTELA, ANA P., TAMMEORG, OLGA, TAMMEORG, PRIIT, RODRÍGUEZ-GONZÁLEZ, PATRICIA M., and DUFOUR, SIMON

Published
2020

25. Temporal dynamics of stream algae under the combined impacts of climate and land‐use stressors.

Author

Penk, Marcin R., Kelly, Ann‐Marie, Kelly‐Quinn, Mary, and Piggott, Jeremy J.

Subjects
BIOMASS, CARBON dioxide, CLIMATE change, SEDIMENTS, PERIPHYTON
Abstract

Ecosystems are increasingly challenged by the multiple facets of climate change, coupled with intensifying land‐use pressures. These co‐occurring stressors can interact in complex ways, but we lack an empirical understanding of the impact of higher‐order interactions on temporal patterns.Using 128 flow‐through circular stream mesocosms, we investigated the individual and combined effects of two climatic stressors (CO2 enrichment, flow variability) and two land‐use‐related stressors (siltation, light—as lack of shading) on algal communities and net ecosystem productivity (NPP) in a full‐factorial design. The sediment pulses coincided with high flow to mimic erosion events, whereas CO2 and light disturbances were applied continuously, as they would in nature.Sediment emerged as a key stressor for algal biomass. Land‐use stressors had more pervasive individual effects, whereas climate‐change‐related stressors were more important in up to three‐way interactions with other stressors. However, CO2 was a key driver of NPP, followed by sediment and light, whereas flow variability was only important in interactions with other stressors. The effects of sediment and flow on algal biomass depended strongly on their temporal patterns. The combined effect of an increasing number of stressors on algal biomass appeared to reach saturation with three active stressors, with no apparent additional effect caused by the fourth stressor.Synthesis. Sediment emerged as a key stressor in streams. Despite the mounting evidence and the multitude of available mitigation strategies, this problem persists worldwide. The complex interactions uncovered in our study illustrate context‐dependency that can be masked in two‐factor experiments. Our findings also highlighted that temporal patterns of individual and co‐occurring stressors can determine the ecological outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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36. We choose: Adolescent girls and young women's choice for an HIV prevention product in a cross-over randomized clinical trial conducted in South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe.

Author

Atujuna, Millicent, Williams, Kristin, Roberts, Sarah T., Young, Alinda, Browne, Erica N., Mangxilana, Nomvuyo T., Tenza, Siyanda, Shapley-Quinn, Mary Kate, Tauya, Thelma, Ngure, Kenneth, and van der Straten, Ariane

Subjects
TEENAGE girls, CONSUMER preferences, HIV prevention, YOUNG women, CLINICAL trials
Abstract

With new pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) modalities for HIV prevention becoming available, understanding how adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) navigate through PrEP options is essential, including factors underlying their choice. Through 16 focus group discussions (FGDs) and 52 in-depth interviews (IDIs) from REACH, an open-label crossover study in which AGYW were allocated 1:1 (between 06 February 2019 and 18 March 2020) to receive oral PrEP for six months and the dapivirine ring for six months, in a randomized sequence, followed by a 6-month period where either product (or neither) could be chosen, we explored decision-making process and product choice, using a mixed inductive-deductive analytical approach. Key themes included the desire to remain HIV-negative and weighing product attributes through experiential learning. Product triability appeared important in informing product choice as individual circumstances changed or assuaging side effects with a given product. Approved biomedical prevention innovations may also benefit from hands-on experience to help with adoption and use during real-world implementation. Furthermore, support from trusted providers will remain critical as AGYW contemplate navigating through PrEP options and choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. Small Water Bodies in Great Britain and Ireland: Ecosystem function, human-generated degradation, and options for restorative action

Author

Riley, William D., Potter, Edward C.E., Biggs, Jeremy, Collins, Adrian L., Jarvie, Helen P., Jones, J. Iwan, Kelly-Quinn, Mary, Ormerod, Steve J., Sear, David A., Wilby, Robert L., Broadmeadow, Samantha, Brown, Colin D., Chanin, Paul, Copp, Gordon H., Cowx, Ian G., Grogan, Adam, Hornby, Duncan D., Huggett, Duncan, Kelly, Martyn G., Naura, Marc, Newman, Jonathan R., and Siriwardena, Gavin M.

Published
2018
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41. The future of biotic indices in the ecogenomic era: Integrating (e)DNA metabarcoding in biological assessment of aquatic ecosystems

Author

Pawlowski, Jan, Kelly-Quinn, Mary, Altermatt, Florian, Apothéloz-Perret-Gentil, Laure, Beja, Pedro, Boggero, Angela, Borja, Angel, Bouchez, Agnès, Cordier, Tristan, Domaizon, Isabelle, Feio, Maria Joao, Filipe, Ana Filipa, Fornaroli, Riccardo, Graf, Wolfram, Herder, Jelger, van der Hoorn, Berry, Iwan Jones, J., Sagova-Mareckova, Marketa, Moritz, Christian, Barquín, Jose, Piggott, Jeremy J., Pinna, Maurizio, Rimet, Frederic, Rinkevich, Buki, Sousa-Santos, Carla, Specchia, Valeria, Trobajo, Rosa, Vasselon, Valentin, Vitecek, Simon, Zimmerman, Jonas, Weigand, Alexander, Leese, Florian, and Kahlert, Maria

Published
2018
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50. Phase 1 pilot study of RRx-001 + nivolumab in patients with advanced metastatic cancer (PRIMETIME)

Author

Reid, Tony, Oronsky, Bryan, Caroen, Scott, Quinn, Mary, Williams, Jeannie, Cabrales, Pedro, and Abrouk, Nacer

Subjects
nivolumab, cold tumors, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Immunology, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Pilot Projects, bromonitrozidine, tumor associated macrophage, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, Second Primary, Clinical Research, Medical Microbiology, Neoplasms, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Humans, Azetidines, Immunology and Allergy, CD-47, RRx-001, 6.2 Cellular and gene therapies, vascular normalization, Cancer
Abstract

BackgroundBromonitrozidine (RRx-001) is a minimally toxic, NLRP3 inhibitor that has been observed, in experimental systems, to also downregulate CD47, repolarize tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and normalize aberrant tumor perfusion. This phase 1 pilot study was undertaken to determine the safety and feasibility of RRx-001 and nivolumab in patients with advanced cancer and no standard options.MethodsThis single arm, single site, open-label pilot study (NCT02518958) called PRIMETIME was designed to evaluate the safety profile of RRx-001 and nivolumab in patients with advanced malignancies and no other standard therapeutic options. A 3 + 3 trial design was used to establish safety of the combination at each dose level and guide the decision to escalate dose. RRx-001 is infused once weekly while nivolumab is given at 3mg/kg once every 2 weeks. The RRx-001 starting dose was 2 mg IV weekly with 4 dose level escalations up to 16 mg IV weekly. From January 2015 to November 2015, twelve patients received treatment for only 4 cycles (total 12 weeks) with the combination due to unavailability of nivolumab, which was not supplied to the Sponsor. Treatment-emergent (all cause, TEAEs) and treatment-related (TRAEs) adverse events that occurred within 16 weeks of the first dose of RRx-001 and nivolumab were characterized according to CTCAE v4.03.ResultsTwelve patients received ≥1 dose of RRx-001 and nivolumab. One discontinuation occurred due to pneumonitis and one to voluntary withdrawal after a post-procedural infection. There were no DLTs. The main adverse event related to RRx-001 was infusion reaction (33.3%). The main adverse event related to the combination was pseudoprogression manifested by larger tumors in patients that were symptomatically improved (25%). The most common immune-related treatment-emergent AEs were pneumonitis (8.3%), and hypothyroidism (8.3%). The objective response rate at 12 weeks was 25% and the disease control rate (DCR) consisting of ≥SD was 67% by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. 25% of the patients progressed on the combination.ConclusionsThe combination of RRx-001 and nivolumab was safe and well-tolerated with preliminary evidence of anti-cancer activity. Further clinical trials with RRx-001 and nivolumab are warranted.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02518958.

Published
2023
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