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Genome editing has become a vital tool in medical biology research. The critical mission of facilitating the progress of genome editing is to enrich different genes into positive edited cells quickly and effectively and carry out the targeted research. In recent years, researchers have established various reporter systems for selection and enrichment of editing-induced positive cells, which are based on genome repair mechanisms, such as non-homologous end joining, homology-directed repair, single strand annealing and inversion, and the principle of the expression of fluorescent protein or resistance tag after genome repair. The T7E1 assay or sequencing method can analyze the mutation of enriched cells with the results of lower background signals and higher mutation ratio. Therefore, these reporter systems can profit the characterization of genome editing effectiveness. Besides, positive cells can be cultured continuously, so this technology possesses a promising prospect in mutated cell line construction and the research of mutated cell functions. This article summarized the design principles and applications of these reporter systems and would provide a reference to construct a more perfecte evaluating system for genome editing.

In 1931, Japan launched a war of aggression against China, which lasted 14 years and caused huge losses to both sides. Cao Wenxuan’s novel, Fire Seal records part of the war of aggression against China. The novel praises human nature, opposes aggression, and embodies Cao Wenxuan's just and comprehensive view of war, which is of great significance to our understanding of war and war literature.

E-sport has developed rapidly in recent years in China, but the popularization of E-sport education in colleges and universities in China lags behind. Realizing the necessity of the popularization of e-sports education in colleges and universities, finding out and solving the problems in the popularization process are conducive to the popularization of e-sports education and the healthy development of China's e-sports industry.

The hydronephrotic kidney, resulting from a ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), presents commonly as a clinical condition, with the presence of usually no more than 1–2 liters in the collecting system, but a very small number of cases of giant hydronephroses (GHs) has been reported in adults. A GH is defined as the adult renal pelvis containing >1 liter of urine, or at least 1.5% of the body weight. In the majority of cases, the range of the hydronephrotic kidney remains restricted to the renal area. However, the patient described in the present case report had a range for the hydronephrotic kidney which occupied almost the entire abdominal cavity (~24 l), and cases such as these are rarely presented; therefore the aim of the present case study was to document a clear case of GH resulting from UPJO, also accompanied by a review of the current literature.

To investigate the expressions of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p-ERK in benign and malignant prostate tissues, and whether it can be used as a marker for the prognosis of advanced prostate cancer (PCa).Using immunohistochemical Envision, we detected the expressions of ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 in 20 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 40 cases of advanced PCa and analyzed their correlation with PCa metastasis, Gleason score, PSA level, and prognosis.The expression of ERK1/2 was remarkably higher in the advanced PCa than in the BPH cases (82.5% vs 55%, P0.05), which was not associated with cancer metastasis, Gleason score, PSA level, or survival time of the patients with advanced PCa, and so was that of p-ERK1/2 (75.0% vs 35%, P0.05), which was not associated with the Gleason score or PSA level of the PCa patients, either. The expression rates of p-ERK in the metastasis, non-metastasis, survival5 yr, and survival ≤ 5 yr groups were 61.9%, 89.5%, 57.9%, and 90.5%, respectively, with statistically significant differences among these groups (P0.05).ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 proteins are highly expressed in advanced PCa and p-ERK1/2 is associated with the metastasis and prognosis of advanced PCa.目的： 探讨细胞外信号调节激酶（ERK）及其磷酸化状态（p-ERK）在晚期前列腺癌（PCa）组织中的表达，判断其能否作为晚期前列腺癌预后的标志物。方法： 应用免疫组化(Envision)法检测20例BPH组织及40例PCa组织中ERK1/2及其p-ERK1/2的表达，并分析其与PCa转移（侵袭力）、Gleason评分、PSA水平以及预后的关系。结果： ①ERK1/2的表达：BPH中表达率为55.0%，PCa中表达率为82.5%，有显著性差异（P0.05）；与晚期PCa侵袭力、Gleason评分、PSA水平、生存时间无关联(P0.05)；②p-ERK1/2的表达：BPH中表达率为35.0%，PCa中表达率为75.0%，有显著性差异（P0.05）；而与Gleason评分、PSA水平无关联(P0.05)；在转移和未转移组、生存时间5年与生存时间≤5年组中阳性表达率分别为：61.9%、89.5%、57.9%、90.5%，有显著性差异（P0.05）。结论： ERK1/2、p-ERK1/2在晚期前列腺癌组织中高表达，ERK磷酸化与晚期PCa侵袭力及预后有关。.

This paper implements embedded PLC programming control system for CNC forging equipment. The control system is based on Windows XP platform, using Visual Studio integrated development environment. The PC programming features include function block (FB), ladder diagram (LD) and instruction list (IL) language. And this paper elaborates the data structure of three kinds of programming languages and implements the loading process of program. After experimental verification, the control system realized the programming control system for users, and provided a good foundation for further explanation of the follow-up program.

To explore the mechanism of erectile dysfunction (ED) with testosterone deficiency and discuss the feasibility of long-term testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) by observing a case of ED with testosterone deficiency treated by TRT for 65 months.We treated an ED patient with testosterone deficiency by TST for 65 months, and evaluated the therapeutic effects by analyzing his IIEF-5 score, dynamic changes in testosterone, PSA, hemoglobin and red blood cell count, and adverse events.The patient was a 46-year-old man, with an IIEF-5 score of 7, baseline serum total testosterone (TT) of 2.79 ng/ml, and no response to phosphodiesterases-5 inhibitors (PDE5i). He was diagnosed with late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) and treated by TRT: testosterone undecanoate at 80 mg bid po for the first 2 weeks and then at 40 mg bid po. Two months after medication, the TT level was increased to normal (3.45 ng/ml), and physical fitness and anxiety symptoms were markedly improved, with no significant improvement in sexual function. Then we administered PDE5i on demand in addition, which elevated his IIEF-5 score to21. The combined medication of TRT and on-demand PDE5i lasted for 45 months followed by TRT alone for another 18 months. The patient was restored to normal penile erection and sexual satisfaction, with the IIEF-5 score remaining at21. Regular follow-up revealed no significant abnormalities in the testosterone level, PSA, and routine blood tests.TRT enhances the effect of PDE5i in the treatment of androgen deficiency-induced ED, and long-term TRT is safe and effective for androgen deficiency.

To evaluate the effect and safety of transurethral prostatectomy with the bipolar plasmakinetic technique (PKRP) in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).A total of 712 BPH patients underwent transurethral prostatectomy with the bipolar plasmakinetic technique. The patients averaged 70.6 years of age and 52 g (range 35-102 g) in estimated prostate weight preoperatively. Comparative analyses were made on the maximum urine flow rate (Qmax), residual urine volume and scores on IPSS and QOL obtained pre- and post-operatively.The operations lasted 20-120 minutes (mean 51 min), the resected tissues weighed 15-96 g (mean 46 g), and no transurethral resection syndrome (TURS) occurred. The catheters were removed 4 -5 days after surgery. The patients were followed up for 1 -52 months (mean 27.6 mo). Obvious reduction was observed in the average Qmax from 4.7 ml/s preoperatively to 19. 1 ml/s postoperatively, in the mean IPSS score from 26.6 to 5. 8, and in the mean QOL score from 5.4 to 1.7, all with significant differences (P0.01).Transurethral prostatectomy with the bipolar plasmakinetic technique is a safe and effective means for the treatment of BPH.