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Adolescence recognised as the peroid of transition characterised by a changing environment. The inadequate attention given to adolescent social relationships and resources makes it crucial for investigation in the field of behavioral sciences. The individual’s instinct for collective survival through the establishment of social relationships enhances the significance of connectedness and belongingness in the process of resource accumulation. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of social belongingness and connectedness in the relationship between social capital and academic performance within the educational context. The research employs a cross-sectional approach utilizing a quantitative descriptive research design and stratified sampling methodology. Approximately, 200 samples were gathered through a questionnaire administered to middle-aged adolescents aged 12-15 years from multiple schools in Salem district. The study findings indicate a statistically significant association between social capital, belongingness, connectedness, and academic performance of the individuals within the school environment. Furthermore, social capital was predicted and mediated by sense of belongingness and connectedness. The study concludes that the dual relationship between individuals’ social capital and academic performance facilitates enhanced access to resources and opportunities, favouring both individuals’ and society as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Potassium imide salt (KCTFSI), featuring cyano (C≡N) and trifluoromethanesulfonyl (TFSI) branches, is reported for the first time as a promising electrolyte for aqueous potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs). In contrast to the limited solubility of symmetric KTFSI (1.5m), asymmetric KCTFSI achieves a high saturation concentration of 32.2m within a "water‐in‐salt" region. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the remarkable enhancement of solubility is associated with the asymmetry of CTFSI anions and likely the preferential formation of contact‐ion pairs through C≡N coordination. The 32.2m KCTFSI solution not only extends the electrochemical stability window (3.80 V on Al) but also maintains a liquid state at low temperatures (−15 °C) for an extended period, in sharp contrast to the immediate solidification of potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI, 30m) and potassium trifluoromethanesulfonate (KOTF, 22m) solutions. Thanks to its wide voltage window and supercooling behavior, KCTFSI demonstrates excellent compatibility with perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) anode and KVPO4F (or K2Fe[Fe(CN)6]·2H2O) cathode over a wide temperature range. For instance, full cells of PTCDI/KCTFSI/KVPO4F exhibit reasonable cyclability with an average discharge voltage of 1.7 V over 300 charge/discharge cycles at −15 °C. it is anticipated that this work will inspire new designs of hybrid electrolytes based on CTFSI to advance the realization of viable aqueous KIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanostructure of copper doped cobalt oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by microwave irradiation assisted method. The prepared nanoparticles were further characterized by using powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The crystalline nature of the nanoparticles is evident from the presence of peaks in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern. The average crystallite size is found to be 20 nm calculated using Debye-Scherer formula. The different functional groups and molecular vibrations are conformed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The morphological survey of prepared nanoparticles is done by using SEM at 200 nm and 1 µm, respectively. From the micrograph we can confirm the needlelike morphology. The optical properties of nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy. From the tauc plot it is found to be 4.52 eV for indirect transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Socialization is a lifelong process of learning that influences an individual's attitude, behavior, and values. The term "cultural socialization" specifically refers to the learning mechanism by which young adults attain cultural maturity by acquiring awareness of their cultural group values, resulting in the development of a sense of belonging toward that particular cultural group. Family as an agent of socialization plays a crucial role in imparting cultural traits and values to its members, which varies from one family to another due to cultural diversity and social change. The significant influence of peer groups, in addition to family, as a socializing entity adds complexity to this learning system and makes it a potential source for creating distinctions and fostering the development of superiority and inferiority complexes among the members. Young adults who experience socialization from both entities encounter a chaotic state of mind that impacts their behavior and academic performance. Hence, this study seeks to comprehend the significance of cultural socialization in the development of prosocial behavior and academic achievement within diverse cultural contexts, such as educational institutions. The study adopted a quantitative methodology with simple random sampling administered through a questionnaire. The findings show that cultural socialization has a potential influence on academic performance and prosocial behavior. Thus, cultural socialization serves as a catalyst for enhancing prosocial behavior, subsequently leading to better academic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The systematic process of all academic, educational and research institutes have collapsed by the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic in recent years. The traditional practices of teaching learning process have been challenged and it has become a necessity for all educators to equip themselves to suitable viable technologies. Therefore, it is significant that every educator takes necessary actions to impart education in the suitable ways to meet our students' needs and requirements. The current work aims to detail the various causes and its impact of COVID-19 among the students pursuing their higher education. The focus is to plan and create a digital educational module by receiving feedbacks from the focus group using a structured questionnaire. The outcomes will be compiled as graphs and discussions, arriving at a model which would suit the needs and requirements of the higher education students. Viable and possible solutions to make teaching-learning process in a digital way would be addressed in spite of any pandemic situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research article describes zinc sulfate-supported cobalt oxide nanoparticles synthesized by microwave irradiation techniques. The prepared nanoparticles were further characterized using powder x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The powder x-ray diffraction studies and the result show the good crystalline nature of the sample. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum shows the vibration of metal–oxygen functional groups. The presence of zing doped cobalt oxide nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Visible spectroscopy. The as prepared zinc sulfate supported Co3O4 nanoparticles was analyzed for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria, and antifungal activity against (Aspergillus niger). The prepared nanoparticles exhibited a promising biomedical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A tandem (two‐step) particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is implemented in the argyrodite‐based multidimensional composition space for the discovery of an optimal argyrodite composition, i.e., with the highest ionic conductivity (7.78 mS cm−1). To enhance the industrial adaptability, an elaborate pellet preparation procedure is not used. The optimal composition (Li5.5PS4.5Cl0.89Br0.61) is fine‐tuned to enhance its practical viability by incorporating oxygen in a stepwise manner. The final composition (Li5.5PS4.23O0.27Cl0.89Br0.61), which exhibits an ionic conductivity (σion) of 6.70 mS cm−1 and an activation barrier of 0.27 eV, is further characterized by analyzing both its moisture and electrochemical stability. Relative to the other compositions, the exposure of Li5.5PS4.23O0.27Cl0.89Br0.61 to a humid atmosphere results in the least amount of H2S released and a negligible change in structure. The improvement in the interfacial stability between the Li(Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05)O2 cathode and Li5.5PS4.23O0.27Cl0.89Br0.61 also results in greater specific capacity during fast charge/discharge. The structural and chemical features of Li5.5PS4.5Cl0.89Br0.61 and Li5.5PS4.23O0.27Cl0.89Br0.61 argyrodites are characterized using synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This work presents a novel argyrodite composition with favorably balanced properties while providing broad insights into material discovery methodologies with applications for battery development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Around the globe, the population suffered with stroke and spinal cord injury are rapidly increasing who are in need of an effective and efficient solution for their day to day life management. Paraplegia is a form of paralysis in which function is substantially impeded from the waist down or lower extremities but not the arms and it is sometimes called as partial paralysis. More than 73% people with paraplegia have perfectly healthy legs. The main aim of this proposed study is to develop an efficient rehabilitation system to treat paralysis patients of paraplegia. In this proposed research work, an assistive knee exoskeleton is designed and developed as a wearable robot with One Degree of Freedom (ODF) movement. This system is attached with the disabled limb with the aim of delivering appropriate motion and pragmatic functionality to the affected knee for suitable rehabilitation. This exoskeleton knee is controlled by the instrumented cane as a wearable sensory system to establish the coordinated movement through patient’s motion task estimation in order to control the trajectory of ODF exoskeleton robot. The computational intelligent control systems provides assisted rehabilitation motion in coherence with the motion of other unassisted upper limbs through the wearable sensors and switches in the instrumented cane. The instrumented cane is a helpful assistive device for rehabilitation in terms of balance and movement for those who suffering neurological disorders, in particular stroke and spinal cord injury. The pilot study on a subject using the proposed system describes utilization of instrumented cane as a feasible interface between the patient and exoskeleton to improve in terms of motion in their day-to-day activities. Also, the system is designed with inertial measurement module integrated with wireless communication device in order to assist real-time control of exoskeleton. The outcomes of the proposed research work validated and appreciated by the expert physicians and therapists. This study strives the purpose of an instrumented cane that able to contribute to the cognitively assisted locomotion technology as well as improves the mobility of physically challenged people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy densities (EDs) of lithium-ion batteries have improved remarkably mostly via increases in the capacity of cathode materials, which suggests that the next quantum leap will require the simultaneous implementation of high-voltage cathodes and Li metal anodes for high-voltage operations. Herein, we describe for the first time that the compatibility of Li metal in adiponitrile (ADN) is ensured via the utilization of porous Li2O-coated Li (Li/Li2O). The optimal Li2O layer is constructed simply by immersing Li metal in ADN containing nitronium tetrafluoroborate (NO2BF4). When cycled in LiBF4/ADN, porous Li2O facilitates the formation of a stable LiF-enriched interfacial layer, which enables reversible Li plating/stripping during extended cycles with no dendrite formation. The sequential formation of LiF within the pores of Li2O is crucial, because massive formation of LiF precipitates is unavoidable without Li2O. Li/Li2O is also operable in LiTFSI/ADN (TFSI = bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide) with the addition of LiBF4. Finally, as a proof-of-concept experiment, we show the charge/discharge behaviors of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 when coupled with Li/Li2O in LiBF4:LiTFSI/ADN, which proves that a Li metal cell can be charged to 6.0 V. We hope that this work will expedite the development of Li metal batteries with a high level of ED in the dinitrile family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Student with special needs often encounter problems where they lack their basic needed skill. These kids face challenges in interacting with the society. These kids often have a low level of social communication. The purpose of this proposed research is to investigate the effectiveness of Multi-Sensory Storytelling (MSST) to improve the social communication of children with special needs/Multiple Disabilities (MD) using technically advanced Virtual Reality (VR) and Computational Intelligence tools. This proposed research work is mainly focusing on age group of 6-10 years old children with special needs. Their levels of communication and life skills have been assessed by standard pre assessment intervention. Based on that customized training strategies on MSST have been formulated using VR techniques and Artificial Intelligent Methods. The experimental sessions have been planned to conduct for a time period of 60mins session for alternate days for twelve weeks course of the duration. The progresses of the customized training programs have been validated through post assessment interventions. The result indicated that among the kids of 20% girls and 80% of boys and the outcomes found to have a gradual improvement (27%) in their social communication with advance technology supported multi-sensory storytelling method. This research work demonstrated by a controlled group of children with autism and their level of improvement has been witnessed. This research work makes the children who live in their own world to lead a normal child; it makes us to treat them both physically and mentally as normal kids to do their day-to-day activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of high-performance Mg-alloyable anodes operable in conventional electrolytes could be a critical breakthrough for the viability of magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs). Herein, we show that 3Mg/Mg2Sn can be used as an anode with unprecedented high performance in conventional electrolytes. The as-made 3Mg/Mg2Sn consists of crystalline Mg-rich (c-Mg), amorphous Mg-rich (a-Mg), and intermetallic Mg2Sn phases. During the 1st de-magnesiation of 3Mg/Mg2Sn in Mg(HMDS)2 : MgCl2 (HMDS = hexamethyldisilazide), c-Mg is first dealloyed. After the complete dissolution of c-Mg, a-Mg and intermetallic Mg2Sn are then de-magnesiated at slightly higher voltages, resulting in a capacity of 1243 mA h g−1 (3.9 Mg2+) at 100 mA g−1. Subsequent charge/discharge reversibly delivers ca. 805 mA h g−1 (2.5 Mg2+) with no re-formation of c-Mg, which indicates that the reversibility comes mostly from Mg2Sn (Mg2Sn Sn) with an additional contribution from a-Mg (0.5 Mg2+). Though not involved in the reversible process, the dissolution of c-Mg generates micro-to-macropores, which contribute to the excellent rate-capability and cyclability of 3Mg/Mg2Sn. The Mg2+ ions, irreversibly released from 3Mg/Mg2Sn, also compensate for a decrease in the Mg2+ concentration, which can occur when a full-cell is constructed with a Mg2+-trapping Mo6S8 cathode. Furthermore, once dealloyed in Mg(HMDS)2 : MgCl2, the 3Mg/Mg2Sn becomes compatible with various conventional electrolytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In "Introduction to Hayavadana ", Kirtinath Kurtkoti has accurately remarked that the play deals with the problem of human identity in a world of complicated relationships causing "a confusion of identities which reveals the ambiguous nature of human personality" (69-70). The play is essentially concerned with the identity crises of Padmini in the main plot and of Hayavadana in the sub-plot. It is worthwhile to search the causes, complications and climaxes of identity crisis in Girish Karnad's Hayavadana for a better understanding of the play as well as of the playwright. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we report the use of inorganic calcium tetrafluoroborate (Ca(BF4)2) as an electrolyte additive to achieve a significant improvement in the reversible capacities of graphite anodes at high rates for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Even in a low concentration (0.01 M), the addition of Ca(BF4)2 distinctively modifies the composition of a solid-electrolyte-interface (SEI) film on a graphite surface. While maintaining solid-state diffusivity, the SEI film modified by Ca(BF4)2 enables facile Li+ transport, which leads to a noticeable decrease in over-potentials for Li+ intercalation/de-intercalation and finally to a remarkable increase in reversible capacities at high rates. For example, the capacity enhancement by ca. 80% can be achieved by adding Ca(BF4)2 at 0.3 A g-1 (346 vs. 192 mAhg-1). The Ca(BF4)2 additive effect is not graphite-morphology dependent. This beneficial effect of Ca(BF4)2 is ascribed to a synergistic combination of Ca2+ cations and BF4- anions. Ca2+ salts with either different anionic species (Ca(TFSI)2 and Ca(ClO4)2) or different cationic species (LiBF4) also show a certain improvement in capacities, but not as significant as that of Ca(BF4)2. We hope that the formation of a robust and more ionically conductive SEI layer via this simple addition of Ca(BF4)2 will be useful in designing fast-charging LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The social problem of "Unemployment" has been taken as research topic for the scientometric study. The data has been downloaded from Web of Science and the span of years has been selected from 2008 to 2012. Hypotheses are assumed and appropriate statistical tool has been utilized to the test the hypotheses. The interpretation has been given along with relevant data in tabular form. It was identified that the majority of the communicating format of language in the research output is of English. The journal articles dominated all the other type of publications. The prediction of Alfred Lotka on author productivity was not suitable for this research work. The findings reveal that enormous literatures related to the "Unemployment" are published to alarm the policy makers about the up-coming danger. It is requested the policy makers of the global countries to lay new policies to see the human beings to be employable. It is suggested that the society to raise the standard of their employable skills to be worthy for being employable. It it also suggested to the respective educational authorities towards the revival in the curriculum of the educational system of global countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the first time we report that hard-wood (oak) can spontaneously create interconnected channels of μm to nm in diameter during carbonization at an optimized temperature (1100°C). These microstructural features have never been found in other hardcarbons without the use of additives. When compared with sucrose-based hard-carbon (SHC), oak-based hard-carbon (OHC) shows much higher charge-storage capability (ca. 223 vs. 112 mAh · g-1 at 20 mA· g-1) and excellent stability (fading rate of 0.04 vs. 0.08% · cycle-1) as an anode in potassium-ion batteries. The high performance of OHC mainly results from interwoven nanoporous channels, which lead to facile charge transfer and fast K+-diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at presenting the psychological perspectives of woman in the select novels of Girish Karnad. Women havean inner conflict. They do not know what to follow. They a re bound to follow social ethics at the same time they want to fulfill their in herent desires. Padmim has an inner conflict, she is in a dilemma. Rani receives unbearabletorturefromher husband. She to has an inner conflict. Tughlag's stepmother has an inner conflict. She violates the social ethics in the form of killing Najib. This paper analyses the two worlds of woman. Society has imposed certain ethics on women's behavior It attempts to givesuitable solutions to the womenfolk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ever since history was documented, the role of a woman in society was defined by a man who is physically powerful than woman. A woman is supposed to play a submissive role to a man, supporting him and looking after the family. Men and woman, had clear - cut roles to play in the society, where the man earns and provides for thefamily and the woman cooks and looks after the family, As times changed so did our needs and priorities. Accordingly, a woman 's role undergoes many changes and unduly the new roles added up to her old roles instead of replacing the old roles. Moreover, a woman is questioned if she deviates from her man made path but unfortunately there is no one to question a man if he drifts awayfrom hisfamily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Control of the microstructures of graphene oxide (GO) is realized by introducing a cationic fullerene (CFU), resulting in a high-performance pseudo-capacitor. The strong electrostatic interaction between anionic GO and the CFU produces a self-assembled composite (GO/CFU), in which the CFU units intervene to form randomly stacked GO layers. The CFU acts as a spacer between GO layers, allowing a significant fraction of the oxygen-functional groups of GO to be redox-active. When tested as a pseudo-capacitor in 1.0 M H2SO4, the optimized GO/CFU composite delivers a capacitance of 357 F g−1 at 0.4 A g−1, in contrast to 160 F g−1 for GO alone, which is one of the greatest values reported for graphene composites with electro-inactive carbonaceous entities. The improvement in the capacitance by CFU incorporation is also evidenced at a high charge/discharge rate (285 and 137 F g−1 at 5 A g−1 for GO/CFU and GO, respectively). As a result, the GO/CFU composite delivers an energy density of 40 W h kg−1 and a power density of 2793 W kg−1 at 5 A g−1, in contrast to 19 W h kg−1 and 2748 W kg−1 for GO alone. During 5000 charge/discharge cycles at 5 A g−1, the capacitance of the GO/CFU composite increases slightly (4% increase in GO/CFU vs. 4% decrease in GO), which validates the effectiveness of a self-assembly strategy for high performance supercapacitor applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research on the analysis of the growth of literature on Genetic Engineering published in PubMed is conducted to know the language wise distribution, country-wise, continent wise, authorship pattern, single v/s multi authored papers and the deviation between average growth of literatures for fifteen year from 1998 to 2012 which published a total no. of publications of 145502 and the same has been utilized for the scientometric study. The language-wise distribution shows that English language publications were the most popular among the other language publications published in PubMed database. North America stood first place in literature production and China produced more number of literature among Asian countries. The Indian contribution towards the research on Genetic Engineering is only 3.26%. As the deviation of average no. of publications during each year is too much to predict the future trend of no. of publications on Genetic Engineering. The testing of Lotka's law proved that there is a significant difference in the author productivity. Each and every Government should allocate more funds towards conducting research on Genetic Engineering to make the society hale and healthy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the first report showing the improvement of electrochemical stability of a graphite (Gt) anode in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) by using 2,5-dibromothiophene (DBT) as a surface-adsorbent. DBT adsorbed onto Gt underwent reductive electro-polymerization during the first discharge (Li+ intercalation) to form a protective cap over catalytically active sites of Gt. Poly-DBT, thus formed, helped the formation of a compact and thin SEI layer during subsequent Li+ ion intercalation, preventing the continuous formation of SEI layers. The cyclic performance of a half-cell with DBT-adsorbed Gt was compared with half-cells composed of various anode materials (i.e., mere Gt, pyrrole-adsorbed Gt, and thiophene-adsorbed Gt). The adsorption of small amounts of DBT on Gt improved the capacity retention of the half-cells by nearly 7.5% and decreased a fading rate to 0.09 mAh ⋅ g-1 ⋅ cycle-1, relative to mere Gt which showed a fading rate of 0.17 mAh ⋅ g-1 ⋅ cycle-1. The dissolution of DBT in electrolyte, however, had detrimental effects on cell performance, suggesting that surface-adsorption of DBT is more beneficial. The formation of a compact and thin SEI layer on DBT-adsorbed Gt was confirmed by surface-composition analysis and impedance spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of the nanomaterials in the growing innovative technologies stimulates to do an analysis on the research work on nanomaterials by means of Scientometric techniques. The research work has been conducted by means of the selection of database of sample of 10 years from 2003 to 2010 which reveals that the total no. publication is 16958, along with the total Global Citation Score of 208085 and 9969 as total Local Citation Score. It was proved that the literatures on nanomaterials published in 11 different documents and that too in 17 different languages throughout the world. The Chi-square test proves that the significant error value is lesser than the critical value which is a proven possibility to predict the future trend of the no. of publications. The different types of publication proves that the journal article alone may no longer stand as a mark of the research output and as well as for citations. English language research work tends to be at the first place among the other language publications. The authorship pattern proves that the multi authored papers plays a dominant role in the research publication. Bradford's Law has been utilized to find out the core journals which produced more articles. A suggestion has been given through this article to the global research society to enhance the scientists with exclusive opportunities to do more and more research on nanomaterials towards the betterment of the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene was used to form efficient conducting networks and to suppress the formation of a solid-electrolyte interface layer, in a sandwiched composite with LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO), which resulted in an improvement in rate capability and coulombic efficiency, respectively. The interaction between the LNMO particles and the residual oxygen functionalities on the basal plane of graphene in solution spontaneously produced LNMO particles that were sandwiched by the graphene. This configuration provided LNMO with less polarization due to higher electronic conductivity, which contributed to an increased rate capability. The graphene-sandwiched LNMO also enhanced a coulombic efficiency due to the suppression of continuous electrolyte decomposition, which eventually resulted in improved capacity retention. Unlike this graphene-sandwiched LNMO, a simple mixture of LNMO with graphene did not show noticeable improvements in rate capability due to a lack of efficient conducting network. A LiMn2O4/graphene composite prepared using the same procedure showed no improvement in coulombic efficiency and, thus, capacity retention was similar to graphene-free LiMn2O4, indicating that the graphene-sandwiching is an effective strategy for high-voltage cathode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herbex-kid (HK), a polyherbal formulation was evaluated in various experimental allergic models of Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Compound 48/80 (C 48/80) has been shown to induce rat mesentery mast cell degranulation and HK (1.07, 10.75 and 107.5 mgml¹) inhibited the mast cell degranulation in a dose dependent manner. HK (1.07, 10.75 and 107.5mg kg¹ p.o.) showed dose-dependent protection against C 48/80 induced systemic anaphylaxis in male Balb/C mice. In active anaphylaxis model, male Wistar rats orally administered with 10.75 and 107.5 mg kg¹ of HK showed significant (P50.01) protection against mast cell degranulation, while in passive anaphylaxis model, only at 107.5mg kg¹ showed significant (P50.01) reduction in mast cell degranulation. HK at all dose levels was able to significantly decrease the time spent in nasal rubbing in Wistar rats sensitized to ovalbumin, while only at 107.5 mgkg¹ it showed significant (P50.01) reduction in number of sneezes. In C 48/80-induced skin itch model, all dose levels of HK significantly (P50.001) decreased the time spent in itching and the number of itches. HK did not produce any significant inhibition in histamine induced contraction in guinea pig ileum. From the above findings we conclude that the HK possesses antiallergic activity mediated by reducing of the release mediators from mast cells and also by 5-HT antagonism without the involvement of histamine (H1) receptors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, graphite is proposed as a reliable Ca2+‐intercalation anode in tetraglyme (G4). When charged (reduced), graphite accommodates solvated Ca2+‐ions (Ca‐G4) and delivers a reversible capacity of 62 mAh g−1 that signifies the formation of a ternary intercalation compound, Ca‐G4·C72. Mass/volume changes during Ca‐G4 intercalation and the evolution of in operando X‐ray diffraction studies both suggest that Ca‐G4 intercalation results in the formation of an intermediate phase between stage‐III and stage‐II with a gallery height of 11.41 Å. Density functional theory calculations also reveal that the most stable conformation of Ca‐G4 has a planar structure with Ca2+ surrounded by G4, which eventually forms a double stack that aligns with graphene layers after intercalation. Despite large dimensional changes during charge/discharge (C/D), both rate performance and cyclic stability are excellent. Graphite retains a substantial capacity at high C/D rates (e.g., 47 mAh g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 s vs 62 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1) and shows no capacity decay during as many as 2000 C/D cycles. As the first Ca2+‐shuttling calcium‐ion batteries with a graphite anode, a full‐cell is constructed by coupling with an organic cathode and its electrochemical performance is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]