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Abstract Platinum-resistant phenomena in ovarian cancer is very dangerous for women suffering from this disease, because reduces the chances of complete recovery. Unfortunately, until now there are no methods to verify whether a woman with ovarian cancer is platinum-resistant. Importantly, histopathology images also were not shown differences in the ovarian cancer between platinum-resistant and platinum-sensitive tissues. Therefore, in this study, Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) and FT-Raman spectroscopy techniques were used to find chemical differences between platinum-resistant and platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer tissues. Furthermore, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and machine learning methods were performed to show if it possible to differentiate these two kind of tissues as well as to propose spectroscopy marker of platinum-resistant. Indeed, obtained results showed, that in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer tissues higher amount of phospholipids, proteins and lipids were visible, however when the ratio between intensities of peaks at 1637 cm−1 (FTIR) and at 2944 cm−1 (Raman) and every peaks in spectra was calculated, difference between groups of samples were not noticed. Moreover, structural changes visible as a shift of peaks were noticed for C–O–C, C–H bending and amide II bonds. PCA clearly showed, that PC1 can be used to differentiate platinum-resistant and platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer tissues, while two-trace two-dimensional correlation spectra (2T2D-COS) showed, that only in amide II, amide I and asymmetric CH lipids vibrations correlation between two analyzed types of tissues were noticed. Finally, machine learning algorithms showed, that values of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were near to 100% for FTIR and around 95% for FT-Raman spectroscopy. Using decision tree peaks at 1777 cm−1, 2974 cm−1 (FTIR) and 1714 cm−1, 2817 cm−1 (FT-Raman) were proposed as spectroscopy marker of platinum-resistant.

Introduction Alkaloids are a large group of organic compounds of natural origin. One of the most popular alkaloids is magnoflorine. This compound is synthesized by plants from the Ranunculaceae, Menispermaceae and Magnoliaceae families. Magnoflorine has unique biological properties and a broad spectrum of physiotherapeutic activity. It has antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, immunomodulating and anticancer properties. Objective The aim of the study is to present magnoflorine as a compound with anti-cancer potential. Brief description of the state of knowledge Magnoflorine is a compound belonging to the isoquinolone alkaloids. Metabolized by secondary metabolism it is most commonly collected in the roots, rhizomes, tubers and bark of plants. It can be isolated from all plant elements by chromatographic methods. Magnoflorine has a number of therapeutic properties, including anti-cancer. Magnoflorine has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation, migration and cause apoptosis. The possibility of using this compound in the treatment of breast and stomach cancer has been confirmed. Results The combination of DOX with magnoflorine reduces the expression of Bcl-2 and enhances the cleavage of caspase-9 and -3, causing apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Moreover, they block the activation of PI3K / AKT / mTOR signaling, which play an important role in regulating tumour growth. Magnoflorine inhibits the activity of caspases in liver cancer cells, resulting in inhibition of proliferation Conclusions Magnoflorine is an interesting research target due to its unique anticancer properties. Detailed knowledge of the pharmacological possibilities of magnoflorine will enable its effective use in the prevention and treatment of many civilization diseases.

Carotenoids are compounds of natural origin and are a product of secondary metabolism of plants and bacteria. These are chemically unsaturated hydrocarbons that act as dyes with a wide range of colors. These compounds are stored in chloroplasts and chromatophores. In living organisms, they are used in the photosynthesis process, have a protective function in the photooxidation process and are designed to neutralize free radicals. Due to the difference in structure, the molecules were divided into 2 groups, i.e. orange - carotenes and yellow - xanthophylls. Due to their unique antioxidant properties, they are widely used in the cosmetics industry. Carotenoids as antioxidants have a beneficial effect on human health and well-being. Currently, the most popular compounds that are used in cosmetology are carotene and lycopene. The development of cosmetology followed the development of biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacy and medicine. Compounds used in care products can be obtained as extracts from plants or obtained by chemical synthesis or biotechnological processes. It can be seen that in recent years the awareness of the use of cosmetic products has increased. This contributed to the increased interest in cosmetics of natural origin. Thanks to the interest in natural / ecological products, we have the opportunity to get to know biologically active substances better and to fully use them in cosmetology, pharmacology and medicine.

Proteins are the basic building blocks of the human body. Most proteins, after fulfilling their function, are degraded with the help of a multi-catalytic proteolytic complex - the 26S proteasome, thanks to its prior labeling with a poly-ubiquitin chain. The ubiquitin-proteasome complex is involved in the control of many important cellular processes. It is involved in the cell cycle, cell proliferation and growth, apoptosis, control of receptor function, quality of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum, immune response, stress response and other extracellular factors. The dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway plays an important role in the development of many neurodegenerative and neoplastic diseases, as well as diseases with an immune and infectious origin. Accordingly, research is being conducted where the UPS complex is the target of therapeutic activities. Specific proteasome inhibitors are used in cancer therapy. The first to be approved by the FDA was bortezomib, which is a peptide derivative of boric acid. It has the ability to initiate the process of apoptosis by inhibiting the activity of the NF-κB protein, which is a transcription factor. This compound is used in the treatment of multiple myeloma and malignant lung and breast cancers. There are also studies on the combination of proteasome inhibitors with other chemotherapeuticam. There is still growing interest in research aimed at obtaining substances that allowed to control the mechanisms of proteolytic degradation.

In modern pharmacology, compounds of natural origin are gaining more and more recognition. One of them is warfarin, which is a compound of organic coumarin derivatives. It is used medicinally in the anticoagulant doctor. This compound was commercially introduced to the United States in the 1950s. It has been available on the Polish market since 2006. Warfarin is an antagonist of vitamin K. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K in the liver and thus blocking the synthesis of vitamin K dependent blood clotting factors (II, VII, IX, X). It is widely used by people suffering from cardiovascular diseases such as venous thrombosis and venous embolism. Adopted by patients with suspected or after a heart attack. Despite its undisputed positive effect, one should remember about the numerous side effects resulting from long-term use of warfarin. They may be due to intolerance to this compound, which causes nausea, vomiting, and allergic reactions. Moreover, recent studies show that it may have a destructive effect on the liver and cause calcification of blood vessels. Keep in mind that warfarin can interact with many substances you are taking for other medical conditions. Agents that increase the effects of warfarin include antibiotics such as erythromycin, deoxicillin, commonly used drugs containing caffeine, acetylsalicylic acid and naturally derived compounds found in ginkgo, garlic and sage. Compounds that weaken the effect of warfarin are barbiturates, cyclosporine, vitamin C, and St. John's wort.

Glioblastoma multiforme is a most common primary brain tumor with extreme malignancy index. Presented case of 75y.o. patient diagnosed with GBM underwent full treatment : surgery and adjuvant proton-therapy. Despite new therapy development, overall survival time of GBM patients is still unacceptable.

The pain management is an important issue of orthopedics and traumatology. The choice of therapy should be based on proper assessment of pain, monitoring and appropriate selection of analgesics. The necessary knowledge about the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of the drugs allows to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks associated with the use of painkillers and The proper pain management affects the time between surgical intervention and rehabilitation. In spite the of new analgesics and broadening knowledge about the mechanisms of pain, the results of treatment are unsatisfactory. Growing addiction to opioids is a major concern. A multimodal approach to pain management can provide better pain control and reduced opioid consumption. The purpose of this article was to review of the latest literature and recommendation to provide a summary of effective perioperative analgesic methods.

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and highly aggressive brain tumor, causing high number of death worldwide. Current therapies are not sufficient for patients. The surgical removal followed by radio- and chemotherapy became golden standard. Overall survival is still disappointing. New approach to GBM therapy is required . Immunotherapy seems to be a proper direction .

Low back pain is a widespread medical problem, fortunately most episodes are self limiting and resolve within 6 weeks. Many patients may be treated initially with conservative methods. Persistent sciatic pain or developing neurological deficits corresponding with MR scans pathologies of intervertebral disc (herniation , sequestration) are crucial for surgical qualification. We present patient with acute sciatica caused by disc herniation resolved with lumbar microdiscectomy.

The pain management is an important issue of orthopedics and traumatology. The choice of therapy should be based on proper assessment of pain, monitoring and appropriate selection of analgesics. The necessary knowledge about the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of the drugs allows to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks associated with the use of painkillers and The proper pain management affects the time between surgical intervention and rehabilitation. In spite the of new analgesics and broadening knowledge about the mechanisms of pain, the results of treatment are unsatisfactory. Growing addiction to opioids is a major concern. A multimodal approach to pain management can provide better pain control and reduced opioid consumption. The purpose of this article was to review of the latest literature and recommendation to provide a summary of effective perioperative analgesic methods.

Glioblastoma multiforme is a most common primary brain tumor with extreme malignancy index. Presented case of 75y.o. patient diagnosed with GBM underwent full treatment : surgery and adjuvant proton-therapy. Despite new therapy development, overall survival time of GBM patients is still unacceptable.

Naturally occurring coumarins are bioactive compounds widely used in Asian traditional medicine. They have been shown to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and/or enhance the cytotoxicity of currently used drugs against a variety of cancer cell types. The aim of our study was to examine the antiproliferative activity of different linear furanocoumarins on human rhabdomyosarcoma, lung, and larynx cancer cell lines, and dissolve their cellular mechanism of action. The coumarins were isolated from fruits of Angelica archangelica L. or Pastinaca sativa L., and separated using high-performance counter-current chromatography (HPCCC). The identity and purity of isolated compounds were confirmed by HPLC-DAD and NMR analyses. Cell viability and toxicity assessments were performed by means of methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays, respectively. Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle progression were measured using flow cytometry analysis. qPCR method was applied to detect changes in gene expression. Linear furanocoumarins in a dose-dependent manner inhibited proliferation of cancer cells with diverse activity regarding compounds and cancer cell type specificity. Imperatorin (IMP) exhibited the most potent growth inhibitory effects against human rhabdomyosarcoma and larynx cancer cell lines owing to inhibition of the cell cycle progression connected with specific changes in gene expression, including CDKN1A. As there are no specific chemotherapy treatments dedicated to laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, and IMP seems to be non-toxic for normal cells, our results could open a new direction in the search for effective anti-cancer agents.

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and highly aggressive brain tumor, causing high number of death worldwide. Current therapies are not sufficient for patients. The surgical removal followed by radio- and chemotherapy became golden standard. Overall survival is still disappointing. New approach to GBM therapy is required . Immunotherapy seems to be a proper direction .

Low back pain is a widespread medical problem, fortunately most episodes are self limiting and resolve within 6 weeks. Many patients may be treated initially with conservative methods. Persistent sciatic pain or developing neurological deficits corresponding with MR scans pathologies of intervertebral disc (herniation , sequestration) are crucial for surgical qualification. We present patient with acute sciatica caused by disc herniation resolved with lumbar microdiscectomy.