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Abstract Background The safety and efficacy of 17-gauge needles used in CT-guided percutaneous cryoablation for lung nodules were explored in this study. The purpose of the study was to compare the findings with earlier research and multi-center clinical trials that used various needle sizes. Methods Between 2016 and 2020, a retrospective study was conducted with approval from the institutional review board. A total of 41 patients were enrolled, and 71 lung nodules were treated in 63 cryoablation procedures using local anesthesia. Complication rates were recorded, and overall survival rates as well as tumor progression-free rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results Self-limited hemoptysis was caused by 12.9% of the procedures, and drainage was required for pneumothoraces resulting from 11.3% of them. The overall survival rates at one, two, three, and four years were 97%, 94%, 82%, and 67%, respectively. The tumor progression-free rates at one, two, three, and four years were 86.2%, 77%, 74%, and 65%, respectively. Conclusion Cryoablation for lung nodules using 17-Gauge needles can achieve similar rates of survival and tumor control rates, similar or even lower complication rates as compared with other studies and multi-center trials using mixed sized needles.

Purpose: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major worldwide health burden. As the risk factors of CVD, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are most mentioned. Early stage hypertension in the population with dyslipidemia is an important public health hazard. This study was the application of data-driven machine learning (ML), demonstrating complex relationships between risk factors and outcomes and promising predictive performance with vast amounts of medical data, aimed to investigate the association between dyslipidemia and the incidence of early stage hypertension in a large cohort with normal blood pressure at baseline. Methods: This study analyzed annual health screening data for 71,108 people from 2005 to 2017, including data for 27 risk-related indicators, sourced from the MJ Group, a major health screening center in Taiwan. We used five machine learning (ML) methods—stochastic gradient boosting (SGB), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (Lasso), ridge regression (Ridge), and gradient boosting with categorical features support (CatBoost)—to develop a multi-stage ML algorithm-based prediction scheme and then evaluate important risk factors at the early stage of hypertension, especially for groups with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels within or out of the reference range. Results: Age, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, fasting plasma glucose, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were associated with hypertension. The hemoglobin level was also a positive contributor to blood pressure elevation and it appeared among the top three important risk factors in all LDL-C/HDL-C groups; therefore, these variables may be important in affecting blood pressure in the early stage of hypertension. A residual contribution to blood pressure elevation was found in groups with increased LDL-C. This suggests that LDL-C levels are associated with CPR levels, and that the LDL-C level may be an important factor for predicting the development of hypertension. Conclusion: The five prediction models provided similar classifications of risk factors. The results of this study show that an increase in LDL-C is more important than the start of a drop in HDL-C in health screening of sub-healthy adults. The findings of this study should be of value to health awareness raising about hypertension and further discussion and follow-up research.

Background/Aim: Immunotherapy has been considered a promising approach for brain tumor treatment since the discovery of the brain lymphatic system. Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive type of brain tumor, is associated with poor prognosis and a lack of effective treatment options. Materials and Methods: To test the efficacy of human anti-PD-1, we used a humanized PD-1 knock-in mouse to establish an orthotopic GBM-bearing model. Results: Nivolumab, a human anti-PD-1, effectively inhibited tumor growth, increased the survival rate of mice, enhanced the accumulation and function of cytotoxic T cells, reduced the accumulation and function of immunosuppressive cells and their related factors, and did not induce tissue damage or biochemical changes. The treatment also induced the accumulation and activation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, while reducing the accumulation and activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T cells, and tumor-associated macrophages in the immune microenvironment. Conclusion: Nivolumab has the potential to be a treatment for GBM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Increased myocardial triglyceride (TG) content has been recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, its relation with cardiac function in patients on recovery from acute heart failure (HF) remains unclear. In this cross-sectional study, we sought to investigate the association between myocardial TG content measured on magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) and left ventricular (LV) function assessed on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients who were hospitalized with HF. Methods: A total of 50 patients who were discharged after hospitalization for acute HF and 21 age- and sex- matched controls were included in the study. Myocardial TG content and LV parameters (function and mass) were measured on a 3.0 T MR scanner. Fatty acid (FA) and unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content was normalized against water (W) using the LC-Model algorithm. The patient population was dichotomized according to the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, <50 % or ≥ 50 %). Results: H-MRS data were available for 48 patients and 21 controls. Of the 48 patients, 25 had a LVEF <50 % (mean, 31.2 %), whereas the remaining 23 had a normal LVEF (mean, 60.2 %). Myocardial UFA/W ratio was found to differ significantly in patients with low LVEF, normal LVEF, and controls (0.79 % vs. 0.21 % vs. 0.14 %, respectively, = 0.02). p The myocardial UFA/TG ratio was associated with LV mass ( = 0.39, < 0.001) and modestly related to LV end-diastolic r p volume (LVEDV; = 0.24, = 0.039). We also identified negative correlations of the myocardial FA/TG ratio with both LV r p mass ( = -0.39, < 0.001) and LVEDV ( = -0.24, = 0.039). r p r p Conclusions: As compared with controls, patients who were discharged after hospitalization for acute HF had increased myocardial UFA content; furthermore, UFA was inversely related with LVEF, LV mass and, to a lesser extent, LVEDV. Our study may stimulate further research on the measure of myocardial UFA content by ¹H-MRS for outcome prediction. Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT02378402. Registered 27/02/2015 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photosystem II (PSII) subunit S (PsbS) plays a key role in nonphotochemical quenching, a photoprotective mechanism for dissipation of excess excitation energy in plants. The precise function of PsbS in nonphotochemical quenching is unknown. By reconstituting PsbS together with the major light-harvesting complex of PSII (LHCII) and the xanthophyll zeaxanthin (Zea) into proteoliposomes, we have tested the individual contributions of PSII complexes and Zea to chlorophyll (ChI) fluorescence quenching in a membrane environment. We demonstrate that PsbS is stable in the absence of pigments in vitro. Significant ChI fluorescence quenching of reconstituted LHC-II was observed in the presence of PsbS and Zea, although neither Zea nor PsbS alone was sufficient to induce the same quenching. Coreconstitution with PsbS resulted in the formation of LHC-II/PsbS heterodimers, indicating their direct interaction in the lipid bilayer. Two-photon excitation measurements on liposomes containing LHC-II, PsbS, and Zea showed an increase of electronic interactions between carotenoid S1 and ChI states, ..., that correlated directly with Chi fluorescence quenching. These findings are in agreement with a carotenoid-dependent ChI fluorescence quenching by direct interactions of LHCs of PSII with PsbS monomers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study performs precision positioning of a generic piezoelectric structure against hysteresis effects by finite elements, microscopic hysteresis cancellation and robust H compensation. The designed control algorithm is expected to be effective in enhancing servo performance of hard disk drives. The precision positioning is accomplished by adding a polarization term into the linear constitutive equations of piezoelectric materials. This polarization term is then described by the well-known Preisach model. Applying basic principles of finite elements and Hamilton's thoery, the macroscopic governing equations of an arbitrary piezoelectric system in finite elements are obtained. Based on the macro-model, a controller consisting of two parts is designed to perform the precision positioning of a generic piezo-structure. The first part is responsible for direct hysteresis cancellation at the microscopic level, while the second one is a robust H controller to overcome inevitable cancellation errors. In this way, the control effort is then more effective than the conventional PI and double-lead controller without microscopic hysteresis cancellation. A simple piezoelectric structure of a bender-bimorph cantilever beam is considered for designs and experimental validation. Based on experimental results, the proposed control design is found effective to suppress hysteresis effects as opposed to conventional controllers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic interactions between the first excited states (S1) of carotenoids (Car) of different conjugation lengths (8- 11 double bonds) and phthalocyanines (Pc) in different Car-Pc dyad molecules were investigated by two-photon spectroscopy and compared with Car S1-chlorophyll (Ch1) interactions in photosynthetic light harvesting complexes (LHCs). The observation of Chl/Pc fluorescence after selective two- photon excitation of the Car S1, state allowed sensitive monitoring of the flow of energy between Car S1 and Pc or Chl. It is found that two-photon excitation excites to about 80% to 100% exclusively the carotenoid state Car S1and that only a small fraction of direct tetrapyrrole two-photon excitation occurs. Amide-linked Car-Pc dyads in tetrahydrofuran demonstrate a molecular gear shift mechanism in that effective Car S1 → Pc energy transfer is observed in a dyad with 9 double bonds in the carotenoid, whereas in similar dyads with 11 double bonds in the carotenoid, the Pc fluorescence is strongly quenched by Pc → Car S1 energy transfer. In phenylamino-linked Car-Pc dyads in toluene extremely large electronic interactions between the Car S1 state and Pc were observed, particularly in the case of a dyad in which the carotenoid contained 10 double bonds. This observation together with previous findings in the same system provides strong evidence for excitonic Car S1-Pc CL interactions. Very similar results were observed with photosynthetic LHC II complexes in the past, supporting an important role of such interactions in photosynthetic down-regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, excitonic carotenoid−chlorophyll interactions have been proposed as a simple but effective model for the down-regulation of photosynthesis in plants. The model was proposed on the basis of quenching-correlated electronic carotenoid−chlorophyll interactions (Car S1→ Chl) determined by Car S1two-photon excitation and red-shifted absorption bands. However, if excitonic interactions are indeed responsible for this effect, a simultaneous correlation of quenching with increased energy transfer in the opposite direction, Chl Qy→ Car S1, should be observed. Here we present a systematic study on the correlation of Car S1→ Chl and Chl → Car S1energy transfer with the occurrence of red-shifted bands and quenching in isolated LHCII. We found a direct correlation between all four phenomena, supporting our conclusion that excitonic Car S1−Chl interactions provide low-lying states serving as energy traps and dissipative valves for excess excitation energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective 2-photon excitation (TPE) of carotenoid dark states, Car S1, shows that in the major light-harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII), the extent of electronic interactions between carotenoid dark states (Car S1) and chlorophyll (Chl) states. ɸCar S1-ChlCoupling, correlates linearly with chlorophyll fluorescence quenching under different experimental conditions. Simultaneously, a linear correlation between both ChI fluorescence quenching and ɸCar S1-ChlCoupling with the intensity of red-shifted bands in the Cht Qy and carotenoid absorption was also observed. These results suggest quenching excitonic Car S1-Chl states as origin for the observed effects. Furthermore, real time measurements of the light-dependent downand up-regulation of the photosynthetic activity and ɸCar S1-ChlCoupling in wild-type and mutant (npq1, npq2, npq4, lut2 and WT+PsbS) Arabidopsis thaliana plants reveal that also in vivo the quenching parameter NPQ correlates always linearly with the extent of electronic Car S1-Chl interactions in any adaptation status. Our in vivo measurements with Arabidopsis variants show that during high light illumination, ɸCar S1-ChlCoupling depends on the presence of PsbS and zeaxanthin (Zea) in an almost identical way as NPQ. In summary, these results provide clear evidence for a very close link between electronic Car S1-Chl interactions and the regulation of photosynthesis. These findings support a photophysical mechanism in which short-living, low excitonic carotenoidchlorophyll states serve as traps and dissipation valves for excess excitation energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This before–after study investigated the association between an audit program and door-to-balloon times in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and explored other factors associated with the door-to-balloon time. Methods: An audit program that collected time data for essential time intervals in acute STEMI was developed with data feedback to both the Department of Emergency Medicine and the Department of Cardiology. The door-to-balloon times for 76 consecutive acute STEMI patients were collected from February 16, 2007, through October 31, 2007, after the implementation of the audit program, as the intervention group. The control group was defined by 104 consecutive acute STEMI patients presenting from April 1, 2006, through February 15, 2007, before the audit was applied. A multivariate linear regression model was used for analysis of factors associated with the door-to-balloon time. Results: The geometric mean 95% CI of the door-to-balloon time decreased from 164.9 (150.3, 180.9) minutes to 141.9 (127.4, 158.2) minutes (p = 0.039) in the intervention phase. The median door-to-balloon time was 147.5 minutes in the control group and 136.0 minutes in the intervention group (p = 0.09). In the multivariate regression model, the audit program was associated with a shortening of the door-to-balloon time by 35.5 minutes (160.4 minutes vs. 195.9 minutes, p = 0.004); female gender was associated with a mean delay of 58.4 minutes (208.9 minutes vs. 150.5 minutes; p = 0.001); posterolateral wall infarction was associated with a mean delay of 70.5 minutes compared to anterior wall infarction (215.4 minutes vs. 144.9 minutes; p = 0.037) and a mean delay of 69.5 minutes compared to inferior wall infarction (215.4 minutes vs. 145.9 minutes; p = 0.044). The use of a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor was associated with a 46.1 minutes mean shortening of door-to-balloon time (155.7 minutes vs. 201.8 minutes; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The implementation of an audit program was associated with a significant reduction in door-to-balloon times among patients with acute STEMI. In addition, female patients, posterolateral wall infarction territory, and nonuse of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor were associated with longer door-to-balloon times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the study which compared the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of various parts of Broussonetki papyrifera (L.) L'Herit. ex Vent. (BP, Moraceae) by chemical-induced pain and inflammation in rodents. The BP radix, leaf, and fruit effectively inhibited the late-phase licking responses caused by 1% formalin. But only the BP radix and fruit reduced the edema induced by 1% carrageenan.

A novel microscopic modeling technique is proposed to study the hysteresis effects on piezoceramic materials and structures using finite element method and a modified Preisach model where polarization term is added in the constitutive relationship to describe the microscopic hysteresis effects. A simple bimorph piezoceramic beam is used as an example to illustrate the effectiveness of the present theory. The established modeling procedure is applicable to arbitrary piezoelectric structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common gastrointestinal disease, yet there is no definitive gold standard to describe and diagnose it. Aim: We used endoscopic examination and Carlsson's questionnaire to evaluate the prevalence of erosive esophagitis during health examinations of individuals in Taiwan. Methods: From October 2001 to March 2002, 778 people underwent self-paid health examinations including esophagogastroduodenoscopic examinations. All subjects completed Carlsson's questionnaire before endoscopy. We determined the positive predict rate, negative predict rate, sensitivity, and specificity of the Carlsson's score for predicting esophagitis and relationships of the score (score ≥4 vs score <4) and esophagitis based on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, peptic ulcer and drinking habits. Results: One hundred and thirty-one people with scores ≥4 were highly suspected to have GERD. Of them, 21 were diagnosed as having reflux erosive esophagitis (16.0%) on endoscopic examination. Of 647 people whose scores were <4, 49 were diagnosed with having reflux erosive esophagitis (7.6%). Thus, 70 people were diagnosed as having erosive esophagitis for a prevalence of 9% (70 of 778). The difference between scores ≥4 and <4 to detect esophagitis differed significantly ( P < 0.001). Total esophagitis differed significantly according to BMI, drinking habit and sex. Conclusion: The prevalence of reflux esophagitis is 9.00% at a single medical center in Taiwan. Esophagitis is positively related to higher BMI, alcohol consumption and being of male sex. Predicting the prevalence of esophagitis in a general population by using Carlsson's questionnaire was unsatisfactory. © 2005 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) has been consistently linked to Kaposi’s sarcoma and many hematological diseases such as pleural effusion lymphoma, multicentric Castleman’s disease, some lymphoproliferative diseases and posttransplantation bone marrow failure. However, whether patients with hematological disorders are at a higher risk of HHV8 infection has not been determined. In this study, indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect antibodies against lytic antigens of HHV8 in 265 patients with hematological disorders. Our data showed that 24.5% of patients (65/265) were seropositive for HHV8 IgG antibody, which was significantly higher than in our general population (p < 0.001). A significantly higher seropositive rate can be found in patients with lymphoma, leukemia, autoimmune cytopenias and myeloproliferative disorders, but not in patients with myeloma or aplastic anemia. No difference in the seropositive rate is associated with gender or age. We conclude that some patients with hematological disorders are at a higher risk of HHV8 infection. Copyright © 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 48-year-old man presented with headache and extreme hypertension. Computed tomography showed diffuse brain stem hypodensity. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed diffuse brain stem vasogenic edema. Hypertensive brain stem encephalopathy is an uncommon manifestation of hypertensive encephalopathy, which classically occurs at parietooccipital white matter. Because of its atypical location, the diagnosis can be challenging. Moreover, the coexistence of hypertension and brain stem edema could also direct clinicians toward a diagnosis of ischemic infarction, leading to a completely contradictory treatment goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an approach to work sampling involving a mixture of fixed and random sampling. Fixed-interval sampling is more efficient in terms of providing more precise information for the same number of observations. Random sampling avoids the possibilities of sampling times being anticipated and the sampling schedule coinciding with some rhythm in the sampled process. Using a mixture of fixed and random sampling provides a smooth transition from fixed to random sampling and allows the practitioner to select a mixture level appropriate for his or her purposes. The efficiency of the mixture sampling method is analyzed by using an alternating Poisson process model for the sampled process. The mixture sampling method eliminates the observation-free period after every observation that was provided by the previously proposed delayed-sampling method. Although the mixture sampling method is slightly less efficient than the delayed-sampling method, its advantage is clear when anticipation of observation times is a concern, and it is always more efficient than random sampling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 19-year-old boy with shortness of breath and chest pain after strenuous exercise presented to emergency department. On physical examination, the neck and shoulders appeared to be swollen. There was crepitus on skin palpation. Chest X-ray disclosed diffuse subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum. CT showed additional finding of air in epidural space. The patient was discharged after 2 days of hospitalisation with conservative treatment uneventfully. Pneumorrhachis is usually caused by abrupt increase in intrathoracic pressure in instance of forceful vomiting, cough or asthma attack in an otherwise healthy young adult. It is usually accompanied with pneumomediastinum. The management of epidural pneumatosis should be tailored according to its primary cause. For most patients with pneumorrhachis associated to a spontaneous pneumomediastinum without neurological symptoms, this condition is generally selflimited. For epidural free air of large volume that causes neurological deficits, surgical laminectomy may be indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE To assess intraobserver and interobserver reliability of capillary refill time (CRT) measurement in dogs using a standardized technique after training. ANIMALS 20 dogs presented to the emergency room. METHODS Dogs presented to the emergency room were prospectively recruited. Using a timing device and standardized technique, CRT was measured at the oral mucosa of the inner lip. Measurements were performed by 2 emergency and critical care residents (observer 1 [Obl] and observer 2 [Ob2]) and repeated 3 times by each observer for each dog. CRT values and signalment were recorded. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability were analyzed by calculation of the coefficient of variation (CV%), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and minimal detectable difference. Reliability was considered high if CV% was lower than 10% and ICC was between 0.9 and 1. RESULTS Median CRT for Obl was 1.22 seconds and for Ob2 was 1.19 seconds. Intraobserver reliability was high, evidenced by a median CV% of 6.2% (range, 1.0% to 18.6%) and 9.5% (range, 1.3% to 22.6%) and an ICC of 0.97 (95% Cl, 0.94 to 0.99) and 0.95 (95% Cl, 0.90 to 0.98) for Obl and Ob2, respectively. Between observers, the CV% was 4.4% (range, 0.8% to 17.5%) and the ICC was 0.98 (95% Cl, 0.94 to 0.99), indicating high interobserver reliability. The minimal detectable differences for intraobserver and interobserver were 0.30 and 0.34 seconds, respectively. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The reported high reliability of CRT despite its subjective nature enhances its usefulness in daily practice. However, further research on the validity of CRT is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a case study of a 62-year-old female patient developing an acute pyelonephritis followed by spinal osteomyoelitis with edpidural abscess of the cervical spine. She had history of herniated intervertebral disc of the cervical spine and chronic hepatitis C, in which she had been treated through interferon therapy. Information regarding her physical examinations and treatments such urinalysis and chemotherapy is also discussed.

Presents a case report of inappropriate interaction between the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) and pacemaker in a patient. Medical history; Cause of electrical shocks from the patient's ICD; Assessment of the signals emanating from the patient's heart.

A 4-year-old neutered-male Australian Shepherd was presented to an emergency and referral hospital for an acute onset of neurologic signs and abnormal mentation. Seven days prior, the patient had been diagnosed with hypoadrenocorticism and was treated accordingly at another hospital. Based on recent clinical history, the neurologic signs were consistent with thalamic and brainstem deficits and suspected to be caused by osmotic demyelination syndrome secondary to rapid correction of hyponatremia. A brain MRI confirmed lesions consistent with osmotic demyelination syndrome. The patient's clinical signs initially worsened, and he required intensive nursing care with multimodal sedation, close monitoring of electrolytes and tailored fluid therapy. The patient recovered and was discharged on day seven of hospitalization. Four and a half months later, re-evaluation of the patient showed complete resolution of the neurological deficits with a now unremarkable neurological exam, and follow-up MRI revealed still present, yet improved bilateral thalamic lesions. This is the first known veterinary case report of sequential brain imaging of a dog that has recovered from osmotic demyelination syndrome. In humans, patients can have evidence of near to full clinical recovery, yet imaging findings may still be abnormal several months after recovery. This report details similar imaging findings in a canine with improved clinical signs, despite persistent lesions on brain MRI. Prognosis of canines with osmotic demyelination syndrome may be better than previously perceived, despite the severity of clinical signs and brain lesions apparent on MRI.

Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is the fundamental process by which plants exposed to high light intensities dissipate the potentially harmful excess energy as heat. Recently, it has been shown that efficient energy dissipation can be induced in the major light-harvesting complexes of photosystem II (LHCII) in the absence of protein-protein interactions. Spectroscopic measurements on these samples (LHCII gels) in the quenched state revealed specific alterations in the absorption and circular dichroism bands assigned to neoxanthin and lutein 1 molecules. In this work, we investigate the changes in conformation of the pigments involved in NPQ using resonance Raman spectroscopy. By selective excitation we show that, as well as the twisting of neoxanthin that has been reported previously, the lutein 1 pigment also undergoes a significant change in conformation when LHCII switches to the energy dissipative state. Selective two-photon excitation of carotenoid (Car) dark states (Car S1) performed on LHCII gels shows that the extent of electronic interactions between Car S1 and chlorophyll states correlates linearly with chlorophyll fluorescence quenching, as observed previously for isolated LHCII (aggregated versus trimeric) and whole plants (with versus without NPQ). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used work adjustment theory to develop a model of linking proactive personality to employee job satisfaction, career satisfaction, and job involvement. This model was tested using two samples. The first sample, collected using a cross-sectional survey, consisted of 278 employees nested in 25 organizations located in Taiwan, including 17 service organizations and eight manufacturing organizations. The second sample, collected using a two-wave survey, consisted of 300 employees nested in 22 organizations located in Taiwan, including eight service organizations and 14 manufacturing organizations. The results of hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analysis of Sample 1 revealed that person-job fit and person-organization fit fully mediated the effects of proactive personality on job satisfaction and career satisfaction. The results of HLM analysis of Sample 2 revealed that person-job fit and person-organization fit fully mediated the effects of proactive personality on job satisfaction, career satisfaction, and job involvement. Results are offered, and implications are discussed.